Morphological Representations In Lexical Processing

This dissertation integrates insights from theoretical linguistics and the psycholinguistic literature through an investigation of the morphological representations involved in auditory lexical processing. Previous work in theoretical morphology, spoken word recognition, and morphological processing are considered together in generating hypotheses. Chapter 2 provides theoretical and methodological background. Theoretical linguistics is considered a subset of psycholinguistic inquiry. I argue that this perspective is beneficial to both subfields. Modality is a crucial theme: most work investigating morphological processing involves visual presentation, whereas this dissertation exclusively examines the auditory modality. Experimental work in this dissertation uses primed auditory lexical decision. Important considerations for this methodology are discussed in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 explores the role of morpho-phonological representations through a novel experimental design which examines the sensitivity of phonological rhyme priming to morphological structure, specifically, the extent to which stems of complex words are available for rhyme priming. Results suggest that phonological rhyme priming can facilitate phonological representations without facilitating syntactic representations, consistent with an architecture in which phonological and syntactic representations are separated. Furthermore, there is a directional asymmetry for the effect: stems in complex words are available for rhyme priming in targets but not primes. This asymmetry invites attention to the time-course of auditory morphological processing and a theoretical perspective in which syntactic and phonological recombination are considered separately. Chapter 4 concerns the processing of inflectional affixation. A distance manipulation is incorporated into two studies which compare word repetition priming to morphological stem priming. The results are informative about the time-course of the effects of representations involved with inflectional affixation. Furthermore, the results are consistent with abstract and episodic components of morphological priming which can be attributed to stem and recombination representations respectively. Finally, a morphological affix priming study focuses on the representation of the inflectional affix. Results are consistent with an account in which affixes are isolable representations in memory and therefore can be facilitated through identity priming. To summarise, by combining insights from theoretical linguistics and the psycholinguistic literature, this dissertation advances our understanding of the cognitive architecture of morphological representations and generates hypotheses for future research

Automatic Raaga Identification System For Carnatic Music Using Hidden Markov Model

As for as the Human Computer Interactions (HCI) is concerned, there is broad range of applications in the area of research in respective of Automatic Melakarta Raaga Identification in music. The pattern of identification is the main object for which, the basic mathematical tool is utilized. On verification, it is observed that no model is proved consistently and effectively to be predicted in its classification. This paper is, therefore, introduces a procedure for Raaga Identification with the help of Hidden Markov Models (HMM) which is rather an appropriate approach in identifying Melakarta Raagas. This proposed approach is based on the standard speech recognition technology by using Hidden continuous Markov Model. Data is collected from the existing data base for training and testing of the method with due design process relating to Melakarta Raagas. Similarly, to solve the problem of automatic identification of raagas, a suitable approach from the existing database is presented. The system, particularly, this model is based on a Hidden Markov Model enhanced with Pakad string matching algorithm. The entire system is built on top of an automatic note transcriptor. At the end, detailed elucidations of the experiments are given. It clearly indicates the effectiveness and applicability of this method with its intrinsic value and significance

Morphological Complexity Outside of Universal Grammar

There are many logical possibilities for marking morphological features. However only some of them are attested in languages of the world, and out of them some are more frequent than others. For example, it has been observed (Sapir 1921; Greenberg 1957; Hawkins & Gilligan 1988) that inflectional morphology tends to overwhelmingly involve suffixation rather than prefixation. This paper proposes an explanation for this asymmetry in terms of acquisition complexity. The complexity measure is based on the Levenshtein edit distance, modified to reflect human memory limitations and the fact that language occurs in time. This measure produces some interesting predictions: for example, it predicts correctly the prefix-suffix asymmetry and shows mirror image morphology to be virtually impossible

A graphic user interface for monophonic music analysis

A Graphic User Interface is developed to determine the existence of a particular sequence of piano notes within a monophonic sound waveform. Such waveforms are recorded within the Graphic User Interface and then passed to the monophonic analysis engine. The first phase of analysis segments the PCM sound data to localize the potential note locations. The second phase of analysis takes the segmented note locations, moves them to the frequency-domain, and utilizes a probabilistic identification process to determine the identity of each note. Two sound files can be processed together to decide if any notes are common between them. A frequency-based comparison model allows flexibility in finding overlap between the files. Theoretical concepts are visualized using the Graphic User Interface making it a tool for developing additional insight into the analysis of music