DIGITAL AC WATTMETER BASED MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA8

The purpose of this final project is to create a harware Digital AC Wattmeter Based Microcontroller ATmega8, drafting software Digital AC Wattmeter Based Microcontroller ATmega8 and knowing performance Digital AC Wattmeter Based Microcontroller ATmega8. To realize Wattmeter ATmega8 Microcontroller Based Digital AC are the parts that required is voltage sensor unit, current sensor unit, converter zero and span unit, power factor detector unit, input signal processing unit, the LCD viewer unit and power supply unit which is then combined into a system. The software is designed using C language to program AVR CodeVision as its compiler. Digital AC Wattmeter Based Microcontroller ATmega8 consists of 3 main circuit input, output circuit and the circuit processing. The input circuit consists of a voltage sensor circuit, current sensors circuit and power factor reader circuit. Processing circuit consists of a series of minimum system ATmega8. The output circuit consists of a series of viewer in the form of LCD text 16 x 2. Software Digital AC Wattmeter Based Microcontroller consists of several parts: a processor definition, Inclusion functions, Definition Port, ADC Mode, Interrupt Mode and Timer mode, the Declaration of variables and functions. Measuring the magnitude of the error percentage is 6.64% for resistive load, 3.39% for capacitive load, and 23.2% for inductive load

Generalized Parity-Time Symmetry Condition for Enhanced Sensor Telemetry

Wireless sensors based on micro-machined tunable resonators are important in a variety of applications, ranging from medical diagnosis to industrial and environmental monitoring.The sensitivity of these devices is, however, often limited by their low quality (Q) factor.Here, we introduce the concept of isospectral party time reciprocal scaling (PTX) symmetry and show that it can be used to build a new family of radiofrequency wireless microsensors exhibiting ultrasensitive responses and ultrahigh resolution, which are well beyond the limitations of conventional passive sensors. We show theoretically, and demonstrate experimentally using microelectromechanical based wireless pressure sensors, that PTXsymmetric electronic systems share the same eigenfrequencies as their parity time (PT)-symmetric counterparts, but crucially have different circuit profiles and eigenmodes. This simplifies the electronic circuit design and enables further enhancements to the extrinsic Q factor of the sensors

Tactile feedback display with spatial and temporal resolutions.

We report the electronic recording of the touch contact and pressure using an active matrix pressure sensor array made of transparent zinc oxide thin-film transistors and tactile feedback display using an array of diaphragm actuators made of an interpenetrating polymer elastomer network. Digital replay, editing and manipulation of the recorded touch events were demonstrated with both spatial and temporal resolutions. Analog reproduction of the force is also shown possible using the polymer actuators, despite of the high driving voltage. The ability to record, store, edit, and replay touch information adds an additional dimension to digital technologies and extends the capabilities of modern information exchange with the potential to revolutionize physical learning, social networking, e-commerce, robotics, gaming, medical and military applications

Design of Micro Hydro Power Plant System Prototype with Arduino Uno-Based Dummy Load

Electricity is a vital need and economic resource that is needed for all communities. One of the electricity technologies that can be generated from water is utilizing water discharge to be converted into electrical energy or called PLTMH (Microhydro Power Plant). This research has been done but still needs to be developed, for example on an automatic loading system. With the help of a 1 channel relay to control the dummy load automatically. This research uses 2 different test simulations and different wiring circuits. The results of this study show that in simulation 2 the dummy load system cannot run at all. Due to the voltage value read is not so stable by the ZMPT101B sensor. The spike of the read voltage value causes it to be difficult for the relay to analyze the voltage value then causes the logic on the relay to be disturbed and an error occurs in the automatic dummy load system. However, in simulation 1 the dummy load system can work properly. For comparison of voltage values between a multimeter with a voltage value of 4.5 V (before adding a load) and on the Arduino IDE with an average of 4.564 V, the average error is -1.42222. For comparison of frequency values between multimeter 47 Hz without load and on Arduino IDE with an average value of 47 Hz with an average error of -0.8, from ac generator rotation with a voltage value of 4.5V

The gamma-ray irradiation sensitivity and dosimetric information instability of RADFET dosimeter

The gamma-ray irradiation sensitivity to radiation dose range from 0.5 Gy to 5 Gy and post-irradiation annealing at room and elevated temperatures have been studied for p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (also known as radiation sensitive field effect transistors or pMOS dosimeters) with gate oxide thicknesses of 400 nm and 1 mm. The gate biases during the irradiation were 0 and 5 V and 5 V during the annealing. The radiation and the post-irradiation sensitivity were followed by measuring the threshold voltage shift, which was determined by using transfer characteristics in saturation and reader circuit characteristics. The dependence of threshold voltage shift DVT on absorbed radiation dose D and annealing time was assessed. The results show that there is a linear dependence between DVT and D during irradiation, so that the sensitivity can be defined as DVT/D for the investigated dose interval. The annealing of irradiated metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors at different temperatures ranging from room temperature up to 150°C was performed to monitor the dosimetric information loss. The results indicated that the dosimeters information is saved up to 600 hours at room temperature, whereas the annealing at 150°C leads to the complete loss of dosimetric information in the same period of time. The mechanisms responsible for the threshold voltage shift during the irradiation and the later annealing have been discussed also. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 17007

125 kHz RFID READER DESIGN

The aim of this Final Year Project (FYP) is to develop a low cost RFID system to be an alternative to the expensive option. RFID system composed of RFID tags and reader. This project focuses on developing the RFID reader. There are four sub-blocks of RFID architecture namely, transmit stage, rectangular coil antenna, receiving section and microcontroller part

Distributed Radiation Monitoring System for Linear Accelerators based on CAN Bus

Abstract—Gamma and neutron radiation is produced during the normal operation of linear accelerators like Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) or X-ray Free Electron Laser (X-FEL). Gamma radiation cause general degeneration of electronics devices and neutron fluence can be a reason of soft error in memories and microcontrollers. X-FEL accelerator will be built only in one tunnel, therefore most of electronic control systems will be placed in radiation environment. Exposing control systems to radiation may lead to many errors and unexpected failure of the whole accelerator system. Thus, the radiation monitoring system able to monitor radiation doses produced near controlling systems is crucial. Knowledge of produced radiation doses allows to detect errors caused by radiation, make plans of essential exchange of control systems and prevent accelerator from serious damages. The paper presents the project of radiation monitoring system able to monitor radiation environment in real time

Multiple Access System Based on ARM7 and 1-Wire TechnologyÂ

This paper presents a multiple hardware applications based on ARM and 1-wire protocol. In this paper, the single i-button is used for different purposes like authentication, vending purpose , eCash, electronic toll tax system. This application has several components such as 1-wire network of iButton, EEPROM memory, mode selection keypad and LCD display

Monitoring Fuel Oil Based Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Client

Motorcycles are a means of transportation which plays an important role in people's lives. One of the existing problems on the motorcycle is the indicator system or often called by speedometer, an indicator system showing the value of the volume of fuel oil. In fact, the sensor unit used by the indicator is not a volume sensor but the surface of the fuel sensor in the form of mechanical potentiometers. This equipment irregularly measures oil tank so that the mathematical approach to formulate the relationship between surface height and gasoline volume will be difficult. Therefore, to interpret the data manipulation done by comparison method is the method of comparison experiment and calculation. This method is applied in this research due its more superior accuracy and efficiency. This research designs hardware for monitoring fuel oil based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) using AT mega 328 as main controller and LCD to display driver’s identity sent by General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). The sensor used is a buoy sensor, measuring the fuel volume between 0.20 liters to 9.55 liters. It is known that the comparative method has an average rate of 16.1%, in measuring the fuel volume between 0.20 liters to 3.68 liters. It is known that the comparative method has an average rate of 17.9%. On measuring the fuel volume between 0.20 liters to 3.43 liters, the comparative method having an average rate of 7.2% is employed. Based on the test results, the best comparison method in comparison with the interpolation method with the average rate of smallest 7.2% is determined.