Industrial transformation and upgrade model of local industrial clusters: the case of Zhongshan city, China

This thesis focuses on the difficulties of transforming and upgrading Zhongshan specialized town and solutions for development. Under the background that the economy of Zhongshan has entered into the post-industrialization era, innovation-driven development has become the inevitable way to transform and upgrade Zhongshan specialized town economy. The purpose of the dissertation is to seek and crack the development dilemma of the transition between old and new momentums and find feasible solutions. Firstly, the thesis describes how Zhongshan used to be an industrial-based traditional specialized town which mainly depended on rural competition, and how this traditional and characteristic economic development and factor-based growth model became unsustainable. Afterwards, we have done a comparative analysis of the current positioning, resource and endowments of Zhongshan in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. We also explain in the study the mechanisms and historical evolution of the cluster economy of Zhongshan specialized towns through a cluster analysis. Then, we developed a case study on Zhongshan lighting town Guzhen town and its specialized town intellectual property right protection mechanism as an example of innovation and high-tech enterprises fixation. Finally, we use a framework with four dimensions, which are Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area urban agglomerations, Zhongshan clustering economy, traditional industry knowledge economy, and innovation entities (high-tech enterprises) to develop a model of transformation and upgrading for Zhongshan.A presente dissertação foca nas dificuldades de transformação e elevação do nível de desempenho de Zhongshan, uma região tecnológica altamente especializada do sul da China. Tendo em conta que a economia de Zhongshan entrara na era pós-industrial, o elemento da inovação tornou-se inevitável no desenvolvimento e recapacitação da sua economia. O objeto principal deste trabalho está na descoberta de novas soluções de desenvolvimento regional e na quebra do dilema de transição entre a velha e a nova economia industrial. A parte inicial do trabalho descreve como tem sido o desenvolvimento de Zhongshan que partira de uma base industrial tradicional de âmbito rural e que se tornou insustentável devido ao esgotamento do modelo de crescimento baseado em factores. Desenvolvemos, ainda, um estudo comparativo com base em cluster analysis a respeito do posicionamento estratégico e dos recursos, contrapondo Zhongshan e as mais importantes cidades da grande área da baía de Guangdong que incluem Hong Kong e Macau. Seguidamente, desenvolvemos um caso de estudo sobre a cidade de Guzhen da região de Zhongshan. A cidade de Guzhen é especializada em iluminação, protegida em termos de direitos de propriedade intelectual e colonizada por um vasto leque de empresas de base tecnológica inovadora. Por fim, construímos um modelo de análise e prospetiva baseado em quatro dimensões, a saber, a aglomeração urbana de Área da Grande Baía de Guangdong – Hong Kong – Macau, a economia em cluster de Zhongshan, a economia industrial tradicional e a inovação tecnológica para desenhar um modelo de desenvolvimento transformacional e de elevado desempenho para a região de Zhongshan

Energizing entrepreneurs: Resourceful communities and economic pathways

INTRODUCTION This paper illustrates the relevance for the non-profit sector of moving beyond its traditional roles into entrepreneurial community economic development. Its approach aligns with conceptualizations of sustainability through the self-help galvanization and development of enterprise opportunities, education pathways, and labour market outcomes for the community, by the community. METHOD It develops the concept of social entrepreneurship as a hybrid form between private, non-profit, and public sectors, in line with examples of non-profit organizations with entrepreneurial offshoots, generating revenue for the organization’s social objectives. ANALYSIS The article operationalizes these ideas through the design, creation, roll-out, and achievement of a community enterprise incubation program for urban Polynesians in Aotearoa/New Zealand. It examines the challenges, how they were resolved, and analyzes how both challenges and reforms contribution to the body of knowledge. RESULTS Through the project’s demonstrable initial successes, the authors argue that it offers clear signposts to government, the public sector, and the private sector in how to move beyond simple capacity building to sustainable enterprises and by entrepreneurs in the community who have been created, energized, and given experience by participation in the process. They present the project as a prototype on how to resource community groups and organizations embarking on their community economic development journeys and how to liberate the self-motivating entrepreneurial energies of communities

INNOVATIVE CITY IN WEST CHINA CHONGQING

This working paper offers insights on science and technology in China with supporting official and interview data. The paper, as evidenced from the title, is indicating the future role of Chongqing and its evolution primarily focusing on the period of rapid development of the Municipality after Chongqing became a political entity on the same level as provinces of China. This has coincided with the planning, construction and completion of the Three Gorges Dam Project involving the resettlement of 1,000,000 people – most them coming to the rural areas Chongqing Municipality. Three major sub-themes are highlighted. First, the city played important role during more than 2000 years of its history (in 1981, for example it became first inland port in China open for foreign commerce). In the XX century Chongqing was national capital during the Second World War and the Japanese invasion (Nationalists government). Since then it enjoyed higher political status and economic independence than any other city of the same size in whole western China. Second, the municipality’s geographical position and demographic condition makes it quite unique in West China. It has a population of 31 million, an area of 82 square km, a population density of 379 persons per km2 and a location at the upper reaches of Chang (Yangtze) River. This makes it the gate of Southwest China. Third, Chongqing has a strong basic multi-faced economy in the region. Central investment since the 1950s has assisted the development of a relatively strong modern industrial base in the city. Despite the post-Mao reform era’s impact on social and economic disparities as between the coastal areas and the west, Chongqing remains one of the China’s strongest city economies. Its industrial output value ranked 11th among the 35 biggest city economies in China in 2000, though it ranked behind the top ten most industrialized coastal cities, all of which had attracted much greater foreign investment during the reform era. The campaign to Open up the West provides Chongqing with the opportunity to act as the growth pole for a number of less industrialized provincial-level units in north-west and south-west China. Fourth, the initiatives by central authorities and the extraordinary task of Three Gorges Dam project required among other great tasks also relocation of over 1,2 million people, the rebuilding of two cities, eleven county towns and one hundred sixteen townships from the site of Three Gorges Dam water reservoir. Until 2005 there were already almost one million residents resettled. Less than 20 per cent moved outside Chongqing municipality and the majority was to be accommodated within the region of Chongqing Municipality.Regional development; clusters; Regional innovation System (RIS); Development block; competence block; technology system; High Technology Parks; Overview of Science and Technology; FDI

When grassroots innovation movements encounter mainstream institutions: implications for models of inclusive innovation

Grassroots innovation movements (GIMs) can be regarded as initiators or advocates of alternative pathways of innovation. Sometimes these movements engage with more established science, technology and innovation (STI) institutions and development agencies in pursuit of their goals. In this paper, we argue that an important aspect to encounters between GIMs and mainstream STI institutions is the negotiation of different framings of grassroots innovation and development of policy models for inclusive innovation. These encounters can result in two different modes of engagement by GIMs; what we call insertion and mobilization. We illustrate and discuss these interrelated notions of framings and modes of engagement by drawing on three case studies of GIMs: the Social Technologies Network in Brazil, and the Honey Bee Network and People's Science Movements in India. The cases highlight that inclusion in the context of GIMs is not an unproblematic, smooth endeavour, and involves diverse interpretations and framings, which shape what and who gets included or excluded. Within the context of increasing policy interest, the analysis of encounters between GIMs and STI institutions can offer important lessons for the design of models of inclusive innovation and development

Development of Lean Assessment Tool for Healthcare Industry

The concept of lean is originated in manufacturing industry. However, this concept also has been widely adopted in service industry, from airlines to retailers. There are several healthcares or hospitals in various countries that has implemented Lean. The hospital that has adopted lean, shown various improvements, such as increase on efficiency and flexibility, reduction cost and infections cases. It is important to have lean assessment to measure leanness level after implementing lean. Lean Assessment Tool is utilized to measure effectiveness and efficiency of lean implementation in a particular company. There are many studies on Lean Assessment Tool for manufacturing and service industry in general. However, Lean Assessment Tool that is specific for hospital is not yet available. Therefore this study aims to develop a Lean Assessment Tool (LAT) for healthcare. First, quantitative and qualitative dimensions and indicators are gathered from literature study. Proposed dimensions and indicators are then selected and validated using the Fuzzy Delphi method. There are seven quantitative dimensions, which are quality, time, internal transportation, employee involvement, cost, customer, and inventory. While, there are six qualitative dimensions, which are quality, process, employee involvement, vertical information system, technology upgrading, and management commitment. Measurement method by using fuzzy logic to calculate leanness level for both quantitative and qualitative indicator is then applied. Leanness level will be mapped using radar plots

Upgrading of the management review on the basis of the EFQM excellence model

Suppliers in the automotive industry can use for strategical planning a number of different approaches and tools, which can upgrade the quality management systems (ISO 9001, ISO/TS 14696) to achieve the breakthrough power to meet needs in order to achieve a significant role in the automotive supplying chain. One of the very popular and positively accepted tools to achieve continually improving is implementing of the principles of excellence, according to the EFQM model. On the basis of case studies is in the article analysed and represented a useful value of the implementation of the quality management system audits and management review according to ISO/TS and their positive impact on the development of key indicators of the company TPV d.d. from Novo mesto, which is mounted as a development supplier in the automotive industry. With the implementation of self assessment according to the model of excellence EFQM we demonstrate the added value of the take up of the principles of excellence, according to the present system auditing according to ISO standards and the implementation of management review according to ISO/TS requirements. We upgraded in the existing management system performing of management review as manager\u27s tool, which came directly from the requirements of standard ISO/TS, on to the level of the fundamental principles of excellence by EFQM model and mark it as one of the more effective managers tools with which you can still effectively introduces the leadership of the continuous improvements and strategically manages the company

The fourth industrial revolution: the implications of technological disruption for Australian VET

Much discussion has occurred about the impact that technological disruption will have on the Australian workforce. A recent paper by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER), Skilling for tomorrow (Payton 2017), examines the various ways by which the growth in technological advance is reshaping the labour market, workforce and jobs. Despite uncertainty about the scale and nature of the effect, there is a growing consensus that Australia’s tertiary education system needs to change to meet the requirements of a future labour force focused on innovation and creativity. This research examines the relationship between emerging ─ or disruptive ─ technologies and the skills required, with a focus on the anticipated necessary skills from the perspective of both the innovators (technology producers) and industry (technology users). In this research the term ‘disruptive technologies’ refers to large-scale technology/market changes occurring through technological advances such as automation, advanced robotics and virtualisation

China\u27s defence industries : change and continuity

Asia looks and feels very different now compared to the days of the Cold War. The sense that Asia now works differently can be traced to a single source &ndash; the re-emergence of China. China was the dominant power in greater Asia for most of recorded history. This historical norm was interrupted from the early 19th century, too far into the past to be recognisable and readily accommodated by the actors in today&rsquo;s international arena. A powerful China feels new and unfamiliar.Arriving peacefully at mutually acceptable relationships of power and influence that are very different from those that have prevailed for the past half century will be a demanding process. The world&rsquo;s track record on challenges of this kind is not terrific. It will call for statesmanship of a consistently high order from all the major players, and building the strongest possible confidence among these players that there are no hidden agendas.<br /