1,110,552 research outputs found
Radial glia in the proliferative ventricular zone of the embryonic and adult turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans.
To better understand the role of radial glial (RG) cells in the evolution of the mammalian cerebral cortex, we investigated the role of RG cells in the dorsal cortex and dorsal ventricular ridge of the turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans. Unlike mammals, the glial architecture of adult reptile consists mainly of ependymoradial glia, which share features with mammalian RG cells, and which may contribute to neurogenesis that continues throughout the lifespan of the turtle. To evaluate the morphology and proliferative capacity of ependymoradial glia (here referred to as RG cells) in the dorsal cortex of embryonic and adult turtle, we adapted the cortical electroporation technique, commonly used in rodents, to the turtle telencephalon. Here, we demonstrate the morphological and functional characteristics of RG cells in the developing turtle dorsal cortex. We show that cell division occurs both at the ventricle and away from the ventricle, that RG cells undergo division at the ventricle during neurogenic stages of development, and that mitotic Tbr2+ precursor cells, a hallmark of the mammalian SVZ, are present in the turtle cortex. In the adult turtle, we show that RG cells encompass a morphologically heterogeneous population, particularly in the subpallium where proliferation is most prevalent. One RG subtype is similar to RG cells in the developing mammalian cortex, while 2 other RG subtypes appear to be distinct from those seen in mammal. We propose that the different subtypes of RG cells in the adult turtle perform distinct functions
The Tate-Hochschild cohomology ring of a group algebra
We show that the Tate-Hochschild cohomology ring of a finite
group algebra is isomorphic to a direct sum of the Tate cohomology rings
of the centralizers of conjugacy class representatives of . Moreover, our
main result provides an explicit formula for the cup product in
with respect to this decomposition. As an example, this formula helps us to
compute the Tate-Hochschild cohomology ring of the symmetric group with
coefficients in a field of characteristic 3.Comment: 15 page
Rating the Suitability of Responsible Gambling Features for Specific Game Types: A Resource for Optimizing Responsible Gambling Strategy
A Delphi based study, rated the perceived effectiveness of 45 responsible gambling (RG) features in relation to 20 distinct gambling type games. Participants were 61 raters from seven countries,including responsible gambling experts (n = 22), treatment providers (n = 19) and recovered problem gamblers (n = 20). The most highly recommended RG features could be divided into three groups 1) Player initiated tools focused on aiding player’s behaviour 2) RG features related to informed-player-choice 3) RG features focused on gaming company actions. Overall, player control over personal limits were favoured more than gaming company controlled limits, although mandatory use of such features was often recommended. The study found that recommended RG features varied considerably between game types, according to their structural characteristics. Also,online games had the possibility to provide many more RG features than traditional (offline games). The findings draw together knowledge about the effectiveness of RG features for specific game types. This should aid objective, cost-effective, evidence based decisions on which RG features toi nclude in an RG strategy, according to a specific portfolio of games. The findings of this study will be available via a web-based tool, known as the Responsible Gambling Knowledge Centre (RGKC)
Counting RG flows
Interpreting renormalization group flows as solitons interpolating between
different fixed points, we ask various questions that are normally asked in
soliton physics but not in renormalization theory. Can one count RG flows? Are
there different "topological sectors" for RG flows? What is the moduli space of
an RG flow, and how does it compare to familiar moduli spaces of
(supersymmetric) dowain walls? Analyzing these questions in a wide variety of
contexts --- from counting RG walls to AdS/CFT correspondence --- will not only
provide favorable answers, but will also lead us to a unified general framework
that is powerful enough to account for peculiar RG flows and predict new
physical phenomena. Namely, using Bott's version of Morse theory we relate the
topology of conformal manifolds to certain properties of RG flows that can be
used as precise diagnostics and "topological obstructions" for the strong form
of the C-theorem in any dimension. Moreover, this framework suggests a precise
mechanism for how the violation of the strong C-theorem happens and predicts
"phase transitions" along the RG flow when the topological obstruction is
non-trivial. Along the way, we also find new conformal manifolds in well-known
4d CFT's and point out connections with the superconformal index and
classifying spaces of global symmetry groups.Comment: 39 pages. Please, send me examples of peculiar RG flows, especially
the ones which do not appear to be (ac)counted in this framewor
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