Detect the unexpected: a science for surveillance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to outline a strategy for research development focused on addressing the neglected role of visual perception in real life tasks such as policing surveillance and command and control settings. Approach – The scale of surveillance task in modern control room is expanding as technology increases input capacity at an accelerating rate. The authors review recent literature highlighting the difficulties that apply to modern surveillance and give examples of how poor detection of the unexpected can be, and how surprising this deficit can be. Perceptual phenomena such as change blindness are linked to the perceptual processes undertaken by law-enforcement personnel. Findings – A scientific programme is outlined for how detection deficits can best be addressed in the context of a multidisciplinary collaborative agenda between researchers and practitioners. The development of a cognitive research field specifically examining the occurrence of perceptual “failures” provides an opportunity for policing agencies to relate laboratory findings in psychology to their own fields of day-to-day enquiry. Originality/value – The paper shows, with examples, where interdisciplinary research may best be focussed on evaluating practical solutions and on generating useable guidelines on procedure and practice. It also argues that these processes should be investigated in real and simulated context-specific studies to confirm the validity of the findings in these new applied scenarios

Information Assurance Protocols for Body Sensors Using Physiological Data

Griffith Sciences, School of Information and Communication TechnologyFull Tex

Emerging Pervasive Information and Communication Technologies (PICT)

Often we think of collecting, storing, and using health data without patient consent as unethical and illegal. However, there are situations where the collection of health information without consent is not only ethical and legal, it is essential for community and public health. Public health surveillance \u2013 the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data with the | purpose of preventing or controlling disease or injury, or identifying unusual events of public health importance, followed by the dissemination and use of information for public health action \u2013 allows the government to meet its ethical obligation to protect the health of the population. By adhering to public health ethics principles, public health surveillance systems, including pervasive information and computing technology (PICT), can be designed and implemented in ways that both honor individuals and protect communities.PMC71216341002

Occupational Cumulative Trauma Disorders: Prevention and Treatment

Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs) consist of a group of musculoskeletal injuries caused by overuse or repetitive strain. The purpose of this Independent Study was to review the literature concerning occupational CTDs, the methods of prevention, and treatment as it related to physical therapy. The most beneficial means of controlling CTDs appear to be taking preventative measures with jobsite analysis and employee education. Treatment is varied and dependent upon the actual diagnosis and causative factor. Therapists may attempt heat or cold modalities, work hardening programs, or manual therapy such as strain-counterstrain. An important aspect to treatment is early intervention. Due to the high prevalence of CTDs, it is important for therapists to become aware of its presence, learn to effectively determine the mode of injury, and appropriately treat the injured patient

How smartphones are changing the face of mobile and participatory healthcare: an overview, with example from eCAALYX

The latest generation of smartphones are increasingly viewed as handheld computers rather than as phones, due to their powerful on-board computing capability, capacious memories, large screens and open operating systems that encourage application development. This paper provides a brief state-of-the-art overview of health and healthcare smartphone apps (applications) on the market today, including emerging trends and market uptake. Platforms available today include Android, Apple iOS, RIM BlackBerry, Symbian, and Windows (Windows Mobile 6.x and the emerging Windows Phone 7 platform). The paper covers apps targeting both laypersons/patients and healthcare professionals in various scenarios, e.g., health, fitness and lifestyle education and management apps; ambient assisted living apps; continuing professional education tools; and apps for public health surveillance. Among the surveyed apps are those assisting in chronic disease management, whether as standalone apps or part of a BAN (Body Area Network) and remote server configuration. We describe in detail the development of a smartphone app within eCAALYX (Enhanced Complete Ambient Assisted Living Experiment, 2009-2012), an EU-funded project for older people with multiple chronic conditions. The eCAALYX Android smartphone app receives input from a BAN (a patient-wearable smart garment with wireless health sensors) and the GPS (Global Positioning System) location sensor in the smartphone, and communicates over the Internet with a remote server accessible by healthcare professionals who are in charge of the remote monitoring and management of the older patient with multiple chronic conditions. Finally, we briefly discuss barriers to adoption of health and healthcare smartphone apps (e.g., cost, network bandwidth and battery power efficiency, usability, privacy issues, etc.), as well as some workarounds to mitigate those barriers

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) summary report : December 1, 2020, Atlanta, Georgia

Publication date from document properties.min-2020-12-1-508.pdf20211048

Daily living transactions: Understanding how children and carers work together to complete daily living tasks and routines when the child has cerebral palsy.

Objective: This research explored how children with cerebral palsy (CP) functioning at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV and V work together with their carers to complete daily routines. It aimed to investigate the activities and skills that are important and may inform goal setting and intervention planning for children and carers. Design: An explanatory sequential mixed methods study. Method: Non-ambulant children (GMFCS IV and V) aged 5-18 years and their carers were recruited from the Victorian Cerebral Palsy Register. A study specific survey and the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD), were used to describe the children, carers, and their daily routines. Descriptive statistics were used to rank routines according to importance, level of assistance and difficulty. Data collected from video elicited interviews in the homes of five child/carer pairs was then analysed using qualitative methodology. The thematic analysis of the interviews examined what happened and the transactions between child and carer that occur during daily routines. Results: Survey data were obtained from 78 carers of children with CP (child mean age 12.3 years, SD 3.7 years; female n=39; GMFCS IV, n=23). Nine young people also completed the youth version of the CPCHILD. All routines were rated as important. Some were completed with greater ease and higher rates of independence, with some children able to contribute to easier routines such as sitting in a wheelchair, eating, and moving indoors/outdoors. Findings from the five child/carer interviews highlighted how carers and children work together during routines. Themes were derived describing how families negotiate a busy life, and the child, carer and contextual factors that influence routines and that change on a daily basis. Children used a range of small but important skills that contributed to the completion of daily routines, such as closing their hands for upper limb dressing, leaning forward for hygiene routines, and relaxing their body to be hoisted safely. Conclusion: Children with CP functioning at GMFCS levels IV and V will always need assistance, but there are small skills and actions that they can learn and use to positively influence daily routines. In-depth examination of five child/carer pairs provided rich information about how they work together to complete routines, even on ‘difficult’ days. This new and important knowledge may inform therapy interventions that addresses and value the skills of both the child and their carer that are useful during daily routines