Process Performance: The System, Energy, and Econophysic Approaches in the Context of Modeling

In the article from the point of view of the system, energy and econophysic approaches, certain aspects of the theory and practice of measuring the effectivity (in particular, efficiency, performance) of the processes of functioning of the system are outlined. It is emphasized that modern realities point to the actualization of issues in quantum econophysics, in particular the adaptation and use of the mathematical apparatus of quantum mechanics for modeling processes in the economy, the use of quantum mechanical models and analogies, the application of quantum mechanical ideology, since modern socio-ecological-economic systems are complex, nonlinear, synergistic phenomena are observed in their dynamics, instability and poor predictability occur. The aim of the publication is to highlight some analogues of concepts and indicators similar to fundamental physical concepts in the paradigm of «cognition – measurement – evaluation – management» regarding the functioning of socio-ecological-economic systems and processes in them along with outlining approaches to determining the performance of these processes on the basis of modeling using the system, energy and econophysic approaches. It is proposed in the paradigm of «cognition – measurement – evaluation – management» regarding the performance of the processes of functioning of systems to take into account the economic interpretation of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the concept of the economic analogue of the Planck constant. It is substantiated that the theoretical and methodological analysis of some basic fundamental physical concepts (energy, momentum, etc.) and their formal and informal connections with real economic concepts and processes will contribute to the improvement of the procedure for determining and applying the energy efficiency coefficient of the processes of functioning of systems based on the authors’ indicators of the components of the performance of processes, taking into account the economic interpretation of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the concept of an economic analogue of the Planck constant

Contextual Social Networking

The thesis centers around the multi-faceted research question of how contexts may be detected and derived that can be used for new context aware Social Networking services and for improving the usefulness of existing Social Networking services, giving rise to the notion of Contextual Social Networking. In a first foundational part, we characterize the closely related fields of Contextual-, Mobile-, and Decentralized Social Networking using different methods and focusing on different detailed aspects. A second part focuses on the question of how short-term and long-term social contexts as especially interesting forms of context for Social Networking may be derived. We focus on NLP based methods for the characterization of social relations as a typical form of long-term social contexts and on Mobile Social Signal Processing methods for deriving short-term social contexts on the basis of geometry of interaction and audio. We furthermore investigate, how personal social agents may combine such social context elements on various levels of abstraction. The third part discusses new and improved context aware Social Networking service concepts. We investigate special forms of awareness services, new forms of social information retrieval, social recommender systems, context aware privacy concepts and services and platforms supporting Open Innovation and creative processes. This version of the thesis does not contain the included publications because of copyrights of the journals etc. Contact in terms of the version with all included publications: Georg Groh, [email protected] zentrale Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die vielschichtige Frage, wie Kontexte detektiert und abgeleitet werden können, die dazu dienen können, neuartige kontextbewusste Social Networking Dienste zu schaffen und bestehende Dienste in ihrem Nutzwert zu verbessern. Die (noch nicht abgeschlossene) erfolgreiche Umsetzung dieses Programmes führt auf ein Konzept, das man als Contextual Social Networking bezeichnen kann. In einem grundlegenden ersten Teil werden die eng zusammenhängenden Gebiete Contextual Social Networking, Mobile Social Networking und Decentralized Social Networking mit verschiedenen Methoden und unter Fokussierung auf verschiedene Detail-Aspekte näher beleuchtet und in Zusammenhang gesetzt. Ein zweiter Teil behandelt die Frage, wie soziale Kurzzeit- und Langzeit-Kontexte als für das Social Networking besonders interessante Formen von Kontext gemessen und abgeleitet werden können. Ein Fokus liegt hierbei auf NLP Methoden zur Charakterisierung sozialer Beziehungen als einer typischen Form von sozialem Langzeit-Kontext. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt liegt auf Methoden aus dem Mobile Social Signal Processing zur Ableitung sinnvoller sozialer Kurzzeit-Kontexte auf der Basis von Interaktionsgeometrien und Audio-Daten. Es wird ferner untersucht, wie persönliche soziale Agenten Kontext-Elemente verschiedener Abstraktionsgrade miteinander kombinieren können. Der dritte Teil behandelt neuartige und verbesserte Konzepte für kontextbewusste Social Networking Dienste. Es werden spezielle Formen von Awareness Diensten, neue Formen von sozialem Information Retrieval, Konzepte für kontextbewusstes Privacy Management und Dienste und Plattformen zur Unterstützung von Open Innovation und Kreativität untersucht und vorgestellt. Diese Version der Habilitationsschrift enthält die inkludierten Publikationen zurVermeidung von Copyright-Verletzungen auf Seiten der Journals u.a. nicht. Kontakt in Bezug auf die Version mit allen inkludierten Publikationen: Georg Groh, [email protected]

Annual Report of the University, 2007-2008, Volumes 1-6

Project Summary and Goals Historically, affirmative action policies have evolved from initial programs aimed at providing equal educational opportunities to all students, to the legitimacy of programs that are aimed at achieving diversity in higher education. In June 2003, a U.S. Supreme Court ruling on affirmative action pushed higher education across the threshold toward creating a new paradigm for diversity in the 21 51 century. The court clearly stale that affirmative action is still viable but that our institutions must reconsider our traditional concepts for building diversity in the next few decades. This shift in historical context of diversity in our society has led to an important objective: If a diverse student body is an essential factor in a quality higher education, then it is imperative that elementary, secondary and undergraduate schools fulfill their missions to successfully educate a diverse population. In NM, the success of graduate programs depends on the state\u27s P-12 schools, the community and institutions of higher education, and their shared task of educating all students. Further, when the lens in broadened to view the entire P - 20 educational pipeline, it becomes apparent that the loss of students from elementary school to high school is enormous, constricting the number of students who go on to college. Not only are these of concern to what is happening in terms of their academic education but as well in terms of the communities that are affected to make critical decision and become and stay involved in the political and policy world that affects them. Guiding Principles Engaging Latino Communities for Education New Mexico (ENLACE NM) is a statewide collaboration of gente who represent the voices of underrepresented children and families- people who have historically not had a say in policy initiatives that directly impact them and their communities. Therefore, they, and others from our community, are at the forefront of this initiative. We have developed this collaboration based on a process that empowers these communities to find their voice in the pursuit of social justice and educational access, equity and success

Interim research assessment 2003-2005 - Computer Science

This report primarily serves as a source of information for the 2007 Interim Research Assessment Committee for Computer Science at the three technical universities in the Netherlands. The report also provides information for others interested in our research activities

Artificial general intelligence: Proceedings of the Second Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2009, Arlington, Virginia, USA, March 6-9, 2009

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) research focuses on the original and ultimate goal of AI – to create broad human-like and transhuman intelligence, by exploring all available paths, including theoretical and experimental computer science, cognitive science, neuroscience, and innovative interdisciplinary methodologies. Due to the difficulty of this task, for the last few decades the majority of AI researchers have focused on what has been called narrow AI – the production of AI systems displaying intelligence regarding specific, highly constrained tasks. In recent years, however, more and more researchers have recognized the necessity – and feasibility – of returning to the original goals of the field. Increasingly, there is a call for a transition back to confronting the more difficult issues of human level intelligence and more broadly artificial general intelligence

Combining Representation Learning with Logic for Language Processing

The current state-of-the-art in many natural language processing and automated knowledge base completion tasks is held by representation learning methods which learn distributed vector representations of symbols via gradient-based optimization. They require little or no hand-crafted features, thus avoiding the need for most preprocessing steps and task-specific assumptions. However, in many cases representation learning requires a large amount of annotated training data to generalize well to unseen data. Such labeled training data is provided by human annotators who often use formal logic as the language for specifying annotations. This thesis investigates different combinations of representation learning methods with logic for reducing the need for annotated training data, and for improving generalization.Comment: PhD Thesis, University College London, Submitted and accepted in 201

AXEL: A framework to deal with ambiguity in three-noun compounds

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University, 6/12/2010.Cognitive Linguistics has been widely used to deal with the ambiguity generated by words in combination. Although this domain offers many solutions to address this challenge, not all of them can be implemented in a computational environment. The Dynamic Construal of Meaning framework is argued to have this ability because it describes an intrinsic degree of association of meanings, which in turn, can be translated into computational programs. A limitation towards a computational approach, however, has been the lack of syntactic parameters. This research argues that this limitation could be overcome with the aid of the Generative Lexicon Theory (GLT). Specifically, this dissertation formulated possible means to marry the GLT and Cognitive Linguistics in a novel rapprochement between the two. This bond between opposing theories provided the means to design a computational template (the AXEL System) by realising syntax and semantics at software levels. An instance of the AXEL system was created using a Design Research approach. Planned iterations were involved in the development to improve artefact performance. Such iterations boosted performance-improving, which accounted for the degree of association of meanings in three-noun compounds. This dissertation delivered three major contributions on the brink of a so-called turning point in Computational Linguistics (CL). First, the AXEL system was used to disclose hidden lexical patterns on ambiguity. These patterns are difficult, if not impossible, to be identified without automatic techniques. This research claimed that these patterns can assist audiences of linguists to review lexical knowledge on a software-based viewpoint. Following linguistic awareness, the second result advocated for the adoption of improved resources by decreasing electronic space of Sense Enumerative Lexicons (SELs). The AXEL system deployed the generation of “at the moment of use” interpretations, optimising the way the space is needed for lexical storage. Finally, this research introduced a subsystem of metrics to characterise an ambiguous degree of association of three-noun compounds enabling ranking methods. Weighing methods delivered mechanisms of classification of meanings towards Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). Overall these results attempted to tackle difficulties in understanding studies of Lexical Semantics via software tools

État des lieux des représentations dynamiques des temporalités des territoires

Le temps et ses caractéristiques ont toujours fait l’objet de grandes attentions pour comprendre les dynamiques des territoires. Aujourd’hui, que ce soit à cause des nouvelles capacités d’observation en temps réel, de l’accumulation des séries de données au cours du temps, ou à cause de la multiplication des rythmes, les temporalités à prendre en compte pour comprendre les dynamiques territoriales se multiplient et leurs imbrications se complexifient. Interroger les rythmes, les vitesses, les cycles de ces dynamiques, ou mettre en relation temporelle des phénomènes spatiaux tels que les évènements catastrophiques passés devient plus que jamais un enjeu pour comprendre et décider.Les jeux de méthodes mobilisables aujourd’hui pour représenter les temporalités des territoires sont en plein renouvellement, et imposent désormais bien souvent de franchir les fractures disciplinaires traditionnelles entre échelles, entre outils, entre formalismes. Les domaines d’applications potentiellement concernés, comme celui du développement durable des territoires, sont autant de domaines susceptibles de nourrir les questions associées à l’exploration des temporalités des territoires. Le projet "Représentation dynamique des temporalités des territoires" se veut un état des lieux de différents développements et solutions pour analyser et rendre compte des temporalités des territoires. Cet état des lieux est à entrées multiples, interrogeant à la fois des choix amont (modélisation) et des choix proprement liés à la question de la représentation. Le projet débouche sur un ensemble de résultats dont certains sont mis en ligne sur le site: http://www.map.cnrs.fr/jyb/puca/- Une grille de lecture de la collection d'applications analysée (voir onglet "47 applications"), grille où sont combinés des indicateurs généraux sur par exmeple le type de service rendu ou le type de dynamique spatiale analysée, et des indicateurs plus spécifiques au traitement des dimensions spatiales et temporelles. Cette grille est mise en place sur 47 applications identifiées et analysées,- Des visualisations récapitulatives conçues comme outils d'analyse comparative de la collection,- Une bibliographie structurée en relation avec la grille de lecture