Pythiosis cutánea en equinos tratados con acetonida de triamcinolona. Parte 2. Descripción histológica e histoquímica

Objective. The study aimed to evaluate the histomorphometry tissue recovery process of the skin granuloma of skin pythiosis in horses treated with triamcinolone acetonide. Materials and methods. We conducted a descriptive study, not probabilistic in convenience animals with cutaneous pythiosis. 24 horses were used with cutaneous pythiosis, a group of 12 animals was administered 50 mg of intramuscular injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TG) and the other group was not applied any treatment (CG). Are tissue biopsies performed for histological and histochemical evaluation and stained with hematoxylin eosin (HE), Gomori trichrome (GT), picrosirius red polarization (PR/P), Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Results. It is noted that in TG inflammation was gradually decreasing, as evidenced in decreased fibrin layer leukocyte, PMN and phenomena Splendore Hoepli, also in increased angiogenesis, epiteliogénesis, and increasing the overall amount of fibroblasts and collagen fibers, anyway in the progressive replacement of collagen type III to type I collagen at the end of the process, and that the presence of intralesional pseudo-hyphae of Pythium insidiosum reduces it to the second week. Neither of the animals in the CG showed improvement in histological and histochemical characteristics of pythiosis and maintained equal to the first day throughout the study. Conclusions. The use of triamcinolone acetonide is a good therapeutic alternative for the treatment of granulomatous pythiosis wounds in horses with 100% clinical recovery and demonstrated with histological and histochemical findings.Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue realizar una descripción histológica e histoquímica del proceso de cicatrización de la pythiosis cutánea en equinos tratados con acetonida de triamcinolona. Materiales y métodos. Se Realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, no probabilístico en animales de conveniencia con pythiosis cutánea. Fueron utilizados 24 equinos con pythiosis, siendo aplicado 50 mg de acetonida de triamcinolona vía intramuscular a un grupo de 12 animales (GT) y en otro grupo no fue aplicado tratamiento (GC). Se realizaron biopsias de tejidos para evaluación histológica e histoquímica, en las coloraciones de hematoxilina eosina (H&E), tricrómico de Gómori (TG), picrosirius red/polarization (PR/P) y plata metanamina de Grocott (GMS). Resultados. Se observó que en el GT el proceso inflamatorio fue disminuyendo progresivamente, evidenciado en la disminución de la capa fibrino leucocitaria, PMN y de los fenómenos de Splendore Hoepli, así como mayor angiogénesis, epiteliogénesis y aumento de la cantidad de fibroblastos y fibras colágenas generales, así mismo en el cambio progresivo de colágeno tipo III a colágeno tipo I al final del proceso, además de que la presencia de hifas intralesionales de Pythium insidiosum disminuyó a la segunda semana. Ninguno de los animales del GC presentó mejoría en las características histológicas e histoquímicas de la pythiosis y se mantuvieron iguales al primer día durante todo el estudio. Conclusiones. La acetonida de triamcinolona es una buena alternativa terapéutica en el tratamiento de las heridas granulomatosas por pythiosis en equinos con 100% de recuperación clínica y demostrada con las constataciones histológicas e histoquímicas

Pythiosis mamaria en una yegua criolla colombiana

A case is reported of a Colombian Creole mare, brown, 7 years old and weighing 300 Kg, which was treated by the Outpatient Clinical Service of the Large Animal Medical-Surgical Clinic area of ​​the University of Córdoba. The anamnesis indicates that the mare presented a progressive increase in size at the level of the mammary gland, with constant mucopurulent discharge from different orifices, likewise the owner reports that he made incisions to facilitate the drainage of material from the mammary gland, since he thought that this increase consisted of an abscess, in the same way, the application of antibiotics based on tetracyclines and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reported. At the clinical examination, the presence of a granulomatous lesion that compromised the entire mammary gland was determined, with the presence of several crater-shaped openings and exit of fibrinopurulent material, upon compression I presented an exit of a greater amount of secretion, as well as caseified masses called Kunker. It was decided to perform a total mastectomy as a control measure and to extend the life of the mare. During the surgical procedure under general anesthesia, the presence of abundant granulomatous tissue was evidenced, as well as the presence of large amounts of kunkers accumulated in cavities caused by the invasion of Pythium insidiosum in the granular tissue. The importance of knowing the epidemiology of Pythiosis is concluded, being relevant the location of clinical cases at the mammary gland level in Colombian Creole mares exposed to risk factors.Se reporta un caso de una yegua criolla colombiana, color castaño, de 7 años y un peso de 300 Kg, la cual fue atendida por el Servicio Clínico Ambulatorio del área de Clínica Médico-Quirúrgica de Grandes Animales de la Universidad de Córdoba. La anamnesis indica que la yegua presentó un aumento progresivo de tamaño a nivel de la glándula mamaria, con secreción mucopurulenta constante por diferentes orificios, así mismo el propietario reporta que le realizó incisiones para facilitar el drenaje de material desde la glándula mamaría, ya que pensaba que ese aumento consistía en un absceso, de igual forma, informó la aplicación de antibióticos a base de tetraciclinas y antiinflamatorios no esteroidales. Al examen clínico, se determinó la presencia de una lesión granulomatosa que comprometía toda la glándula mamaria, con presencia de varias aberturas en forma de cráter y salida de material fibrinopurulento, a la compresión presento salida de mayor cantidad de secreción, así como masas caseificadas llamadas Kunker. Se decidió realizar mastectomía total como medida de control y alargar la vida útil de la yegua. Durante el procedimiento quirúrgico bajo anestesia general, se evidenció la presencia de abundante tejido granulomatoso, así como la presencia de grandes cantidades de kunkers acumulados en cavitaciones originadas por la invasión del Pythium insidiosum en el tejido granular. Se concluye la importancia de conocer la epidemiología de la Pythiosis, siendo relevante la ubicación de casos clínicos a nivel de glándula mamaria en yeguas criollas colombianas expuestas a factores de riesgo

Pitiose equina em áreas úmidas do leste do Uruguai

Equine pythiosis is an ulcerative and granulomatous disease of the skin, caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum (Pythiaceae). The objective of this study was to describe seven cases of equine pythiosis that occurred from 2012 to 2017 in the eastern region of Uruguay. Six of the seven cases occurred in the eastern wetland ecosystems of the Merin basin, and the remaining case occurred in the wetland fluvial plains of the Tacuarembó River. Lesions consisted of a large, rapidly growing ulcerated tumor with abundant granulation tissue, serosanguineous secretion, and fistulous tracts containing large concretions or kunkers. The animals presented intense pruritus, claudication and loss of body condition, with death or euthanasia in extremis in six cases. The main histological lesions consisted of an eosinophilic and pyogranulomatous inflammatory process, with numerous foci of eosinophilic necrosis (kunkers), collagenolysis, and a Splendore–Hoeppli reaction. In all cases, silver coloration (Grocott) showed intralesional hyphae compatible with P. insidiosum, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry in three cases. A horse in the terminal phase of the disease was treated with triamcinolone acetonide (50mg IM every 15 days), and fully recovered after 1 year. It is concluded that equine pythiosis is prevalent in the wetland ecosystems of eastern Uruguay and that treatment with triamcinolone is auspicious.Pitiose é uma doença granulomatosa e ulcerativa da pele dos equinos causada pelo oomyceto Pythium insidiosum (Pythiaceae). O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever sete casos de pitiose equina que ocorreram de 2012 a 2017 na região leste do Uruguai. Seis dos sete casos ocorreram no ecossistema de áreas pantanosas da bacia da bacia da Lagoa Mirim Merin e o restante nas planícies fluviais pantanosas do rio Tacuarembó. As lesões se caracterizaram por tumores ulcerados de crescimento rápido com abundante tecido de granulação, secreção serossanguinolenta e presença de tratos fistulosos contendo material coraloide ou kunkers. Os equinos apresentavam prurido intenso, claudicação e perda da condição corporal e seis morreram ou foram eutanasiados in extremis. As principais lesões histológicas consistiam de um processo inflamatório piogranulomatoso com numerosos focos de necrose eosinofílicos (kunkers), colagenólise e reação de Splendori-Hoepli. Em todos os casos a impregnação pela prata (Grocott) revelou a presença de hifas intralesionais compatíveis com P. insidiosum, o que foi confirmado pela imuno-histoquímica em três casos. Um equino em fase terminal da doença foi tratado com triamcinolona acetonida (50mg, IM, a cada 15 dias), recuperando-se completamente após um ano. Conclui-se que a pitiose é uma enfermidade presente em áreas úmidas na região leste do Uruguai e o tratamento com triamcinolona pode ser uma alternativa promissora.Fil: Romero, Agustín. Laboratorio Regional Este; UruguayFil: García, Juan Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Centro Universitario Regional Este; UruguayFil: Balestié, Sofía. Veterinarian; UruguayFil: Malfatto, Felipe. No especifíca;Fil: Vicentino, Alejandra. No especifíca;Fil: Sallis, Elisa Simone V.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Schild, Ana Lucia. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Dutra, Fernando. Laboratorio Regional Este; Urugua