Generating Rembrandt: Artificial Intelligence, Copyright, and Accountability in the 3A Era--The Human-like Authors are Already Here- A New Model

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are creative, unpredictable, independent, autonomous, rational, evolving, capable of data collection, communicative, efficient, accurate, and have free choice among alternatives. Similar to humans, AI systems can autonomously create and generate creative works. The use of AI systems in the production of works, either for personal or manufacturing purposes, has become common in the 3A era of automated, autonomous, and advanced technology. Despite this progress, there is a deep and common concern in modern society that AI technology will become uncontrollable. There is therefore a call for social and legal tools for controlling AI systems’ functions and outcomes. This Article addresses the questions of the copyrightability of artworks generated by AI systems: ownership and accountability. The Article debates who should enjoy the benefits of copyright protection and who should be responsible for the infringement of rights and damages caused by AI systems that independently produce creative works. Subsequently, this Article presents the AI Multi- Player paradigm, arguing against the imposition of these rights and responsibilities on the AI systems themselves or on the different stakeholders, mainly the programmers who develop such systems. Most importantly, this Article proposes the adoption of a new model of accountability for works generated by AI systems: the AI Work Made for Hire (WMFH) model, which views the AI system as a creative employee or independent contractor of the user. Under this proposed model, ownership, control, and responsibility would be imposed on the humans or legal entities that use AI systems and enjoy its benefits. This model accurately reflects the human-like features of AI systems; it is justified by the theories behind copyright protection; and it serves as a practical solution to assuage the fears behind AI systems. In addition, this model unveils the powers behind the operation of AI systems; hence, it efficiently imposes accountability on clearly identifiable persons or legal entities. Since AI systems are copyrightable algorithms, this Article reflects on the accountability for AI systems in other legal regimes, such as tort or criminal law and in various industries using these systems

Tweet Upon a Star: Organic Brand Engagement with Celebrities on Social Media Platforms

Social media is a rapidly evolving form of digital communication in the modern age. Brands continue to focus increasing resources on garnering consumer attention on social media platforms and are demanding measurable results from agencies or internal social media marketing teams. To both increase and demonstrate the value of a brand’s social media presence, many companies are engaging in behaviors that entail riskier legal strategies. Perhaps the most substantial legal land mine is “real-time content,” in which brands create and post content on vastly accelerated timelines with truncated legal approval processes in order to interact meaningfully with consumers. This Note will examine the dearth of guidance in the current legal landscape and provide pragmatic advice to brands wishing to win at the real-time content marketing game. When activating social media platforms, brands should take stock of their corporate approval structures and preemptively determine the level of risk that a particular brand prefers with respect to the legal ramifications of its social media content. This is especially true when engaging in real-time with celebrities. In order to assess and mitigate social media risks, this Note argues that legal counsel should develop social media content guidelines and conduct regular content calendar review sessions with the social media account team in order to identify and remedy social media risks

Проблеми міжнародно-правового регулювання інтелектуальної власності- виклики сучасності

Робота публікується згідно наказу Ректора НАУ від 27.05.2021 р. №311/од "Про розміщення кваліфікаційних робіт здобувачів вищої освіти в репозиторії університету" . Керівник проекту: к.ю.н.,Максимович Р.О.Актуальність дослідження проблематики регулювання міжнародно-правових відносин у сфері інтелектуальної власності набуває вельми суттєвої актуальності в сучасному світі. Глобалізація захисту інтелектуальної власності, хоча сприяє посиленню правового захисту творчих робіт, винаходів та брендів, також несе певний негативний вплив на науково-технічний розвиток. Наприклад, тривалість авторських прав продовжується, що може гальмувати інновації. Дослідження особливостей міжнародно-правового захисту інтелектуальної власності важливе через зростаючу роль права на інтелектуальну власність як в межах окремих країн, так і на міжнародному рівні. Швидкий розвиток інформаційних технологій стимулює прогрес, але водночас створює проблеми для захисту інтелектуальної власності. Відсутність чіткого міжнародно-правового механізму захисту права на інтелектуальну власність та розбіжності у тлумаченні цього поняття вченими створюють серйозні виклики. Патентування живих об'єктів, генетична інженерія та використання інтелектуальної власності в Інтернеті, зокрема в соціальних мережах, породжують проблеми правового та загальносуспільного характеру

Change initiative or learning initiative? : a case study of a pilot project of hybrid online courses

It is believed that online distance education is the fastest growing segment of adult education today. The number of students registering in at least one online course has increased at a higher percentage than the growth in total student enrollment each year. Even institutions that have built their credentials on the traditional face-to-face lecture method are offering courses online. However, one has to be cautious not to view the "information edu-highway" as a universal strategy to address all the challenges faced by post-secondary institutions. On the other hand, the suspicion that online distance education is merely a vehicle to financial gains is also limiting. Administrators need to understand the implications of incorporating online models for their faculty, students and existing infrastructure in order to determine if this strategy can help to achieve their educational and financial goals. This qualitative research effort provides insights to the experiences of participants in a pilot project for hybrid online courses in an attempt to answer the question "What factors need to be considered by administrators and their faculty when trying to determine if and to what extent online distance education 'fits' their institution?" The observations support the existing literature on important considerations for the successful implementation of e-learning initiatives. However the more significant finding involves the navigation and management of a change process by the members of the institution themselves and their organization. This Case Study is a snapshot of that challeng