78,927 research outputs found
Including widespread geometry formats in semantic graphs using RDF literals
The exchange of building data involves both geometric and non-geometric data. A promising Linked Data approach is to embed data from existing geometry formats inside Resource Description Framework (RDF) literals. Based on a study of relevant specifications and related work, this toolset-independent approach was found suitable for the exchange of geometric construction data. To implement the approach in practice, the File Ontology for Geometry formats (FOG) and accompanying modelling method is developed. In a proof-of-concept web application that uses FOG, is demonstrated how geometry descriptions of different existing formats are automatically recognised and parsed
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OBOME - Ontology based opinion mining in UBIPOL
Ontologies have a special role in the UBIPOL system, they help to structure the policy related context, provide conceptualization for policy domain and use in the opinion mining process. In this work we presented a system called Ontology Based Opinion Mining Engine (OBOME) for analyzing a domain-specific opinion corpus by first assisting the user with the creation of a domain ontology from the corpus. We determined the polarity of opinion on the various domain aspects. In the former step, the policy domain aspect has are identified (namely which policy category is represented by the concept). This identification is supported by the policy modelling ontology, which describe the most important policy – related classes and structure. Then the most informative documents from the corpus are extracted and asked the user to create a set of aspects and related keywords using these documents. In the latter step, we used the corpus specific ontology to model the domain and extracted aspect-polarity associations using grammatical dependencies between words. Later, summarized results are shown to the user to analyze and store. Finally, in an offline process policy modeling ontology is updated
Naming the Pain in Requirements Engineering: A Design for a Global Family of Surveys and First Results from Germany
For many years, we have observed industry struggling in defining a high
quality requirements engineering (RE) and researchers trying to understand
industrial expectations and problems. Although we are investigating the
discipline with a plethora of empirical studies, they still do not allow for
empirical generalisations. To lay an empirical and externally valid foundation
about the state of the practice in RE, we aim at a series of open and
reproducible surveys that allow us to steer future research in a problem-driven
manner. We designed a globally distributed family of surveys in joint
collaborations with different researchers and completed the first run in
Germany. The instrument is based on a theory in the form of a set of hypotheses
inferred from our experiences and available studies. We test each hypothesis in
our theory and identify further candidates to extend the theory by correlation
and Grounded Theory analysis. In this article, we report on the design of the
family of surveys, its underlying theory, and the full results obtained from
Germany with participants from 58 companies. The results reveal, for example, a
tendency to improve RE via internally defined qualitative methods rather than
relying on normative approaches like CMMI. We also discovered various RE
problems that are statistically significant in practice. For instance, we could
corroborate communication flaws or moving targets as problems in practice. Our
results are not yet fully representative but already give first insights into
current practices and problems in RE, and they allow us to draw lessons learnt
for future replications. Our results obtained from this first run in Germany
make us confident that the survey design and instrument are well-suited to be
replicated and, thereby, to create a generalisable empirical basis of RE in
practice
Overview of methodologies for building ontologies
A few research groups are now proposing a series of steps and methodologies for developing ontologies. However, mainly due to the fact that Ontological Engineering is still a relatively immature discipline, each work group employs its own methodology. Our goal is to present the most representative methodologies used in ontology development and to perform an analysis of such methodologies against the same framework of reference. So, the goal of this paper is not to provide new insights about methodologies, but to put it all in one place and help people to select which methodology to use
Reusable Knowledge-based Components for Building Software Applications: A Knowledge Modelling Approach
In computer science, different types of reusable components for building software applications were proposed as a direct consequence of the emergence of new software programming paradigms. The success of these components for building applications depends on factors such as the flexibility in their combination or the facility for their selection in centralised or distributed environments such as internet. In this article, we propose a general type of reusable component, called primitive of representation, inspired by a knowledge-based approach that can promote reusability. The proposal can be understood as a generalisation of existing partial solutions that is applicable to both software and knowledge engineering for the development of hybrid applications that integrate conventional and knowledge based techniques. The article presents the structure and use of the component and describes our recent experience in the development of real-world applications based on this approach
A Product Oriented Modelling Concept: Holons for systems synchronisation and interoperability
Nowadays, enterprises are confronted to growing needs for traceability,
product genealogy and product life cycle management. To meet those needs, the
enterprise and applications in the enterprise environment have to manage flows
of information that relate to flows of material and that are managed in shop
floor level. Nevertheless, throughout product lifecycle coordination needs to
be established between reality in the physical world (physical view) and the
virtual world handled by manufacturing information systems (informational
view). This paper presents the "Holon" modelling concept as a means for the
synchronisation of both physical view and informational views. Afterwards, we
show how the concept of holon can play a major role in ensuring
interoperability in the enterprise context
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