Powering down technology

This paper will examine the issue of energy consumption resulting from the use of technology. It will identify and evaluate potential solutions currently being deployed by data center managers. In addition, the paper will recommend guidelines for reducing energy consumption for both the individual and business consumer

An integrated DC-DC step-up charge pump and step-down converter in 130 nm technology

After the LHC luminosity upgrade the number of readout channels in the ATLAS Inner Detector will be increased by one order of magnitude and delivering the power to the front-end electronics as well as cooling will become a critical system issue. Therefore a new solution for powering the readout electronics has to be worked out. Two main approaches for the power distribution are under development, the serial powering of a chain of modules and the parallel powering with a DCDC conversion stage on the detector. In both cases switchedcapacitor converters in the CMOS front-end chips will be used. In the paper we present the design study of a step-up charge pump and a step-down converter. In optimized designs power efficiency of 85 % for the step-up converter and 92 % for the step-down converter has been achieved

The Commissioning of the LHC Test String 2

String 2 [1,2] is a full-size model of an LHC cell of the regular part of the arc. It is composed of six dipole magnets with their correctors, two short straight sections with their orbit and lattice corrector magnets, and a cryogenic distribution line running alongside the magnets. The commissioning of String 2 Phase 1, with one half-cell and the following quadrupole, has started in April 2001. As for String 1 [3], the facility was built to individually validate the LHC systems and to investigate their collective behaviour during normal operation (pump-down, cool-down and powering) as well as during exceptional conditions such as quenches. String 2 is a stepping stone towards the commissioning of the first sector (one eight of LHC) planned for 2004. It is expected to yield precious information on the infrastructures, the installation, the tooling and the procedures for the assembly, the testing and the commissioning of the individual systems, as well as the global commissioning of the technical systems. This paper describes the procedures followed for the commissioning and details the preparation for the first cool-down and for the powering

DTN based Management Framework for Green On/Off Networks

National audienceThe increasing cost of powering high performance networking infrastructure has led to the proposal of various energy saving schemes. The On/Off technique, being the most common energy saving scheme, consists of powering down partially or entirely a network infrastructure for energy saving purposes. Despite their capability to achieve great energy savings, On/Off networks experience high packet-loss rates due to the absence of reliability on packet delivery. Moreover, they cannot guarantee any response time to user applications. This paper presents the design and implementation of MFO2N; Experimental results show a correlation between offered quality of service and overall network power consumption, revealing that a trade-off should be made

DYNAMIC STACK PORT SERDES POWER UTILIZATION FOR A SUSTAINABLE DATA STACK

Multiple network switches may be stacked, one atop another, and then interconnected through each switch’s two stack ports (SPs). Within such a stack arrangement, techniques are presented herein that support dynamically reducing the power utilization of a switch’s SP Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes) blocks without interrupting any data traffic. Under aspects of the presented techniques, a switch may transition between different power saving modes, which may include a normal mode (encompassing powering down the SerDes blocks of both of the switch’s SPs), an optimized mode (encompassing reducing the speed of the SP SerDes blocks), and a smart mode (encompassing dynamically powering up and down one of the switch’s SPs based on a budgeting of the network traffic). Under further aspects of the presented techniques, the selection of a power saving mode may be based on a switch’s configuration (such as a standalone arrangement, part of a half-ring topology, or part of a full-ring topology) and a switch’s input traffic bandwidth