18,309 research outputs found
Generating and Solving Symbolic Parity Games
We present a new tool for verification of modal mu-calculus formulae for
process specifications, based on symbolic parity games. It enhances an existing
method, that first encodes the problem to a Parameterised Boolean Equation
System (PBES) and then instantiates the PBES to a parity game. We improved the
translation from specification to PBES to preserve the structure of the
specification in the PBES, we extended LTSmin to instantiate PBESs to symbolic
parity games, and implemented the recursive parity game solving algorithm by
Zielonka for symbolic parity games. We use Multi-valued Decision Diagrams
(MDDs) to represent sets and relations, thus enabling the tools to deal with
very large systems. The transition relation is partitioned based on the
structure of the specification, which allows for efficient manipulation of the
MDDs. We performed two case studies on modular specifications, that demonstrate
that the new method has better time and memory performance than existing PBES
based tools and can be faster (but slightly less memory efficient) than the
symbolic model checker NuSMV.Comment: In Proceedings GRAPHITE 2014, arXiv:1407.767
Sequence Matters: an Experimental Study of the Effects of Experiencing Positive and Negative Reciprocity
This paper presents an experimental analysis of peopleâs behavior in situations involving both positive and negative reciprocity. The experiment implements sequences of two types of extensive form games called Punishment games and Trust games. The contemporaneous use of these two types of games allows us to define an ideal framework for understanding the basic elements of reciprocal behavior. Results show that the level of trust and punishment are consistent with the view that emotions are involvedReciprocity, trust, intentions, emotions, experiments J.E.L. Classification: D63, C78, C91
Player splitting in estensive forms games
By a player splitting we mean a mechanism that distributes the information sets of a player among so-called agents. A player splitting is called independent if each path in the game tree contains at most one agent of every player. Following Mertens (1989), a solution is said to have the player splitting property if, roughly speaking, the solution of an extensive form game does not change by applying independent player splittings. We show that Nash equilibria, perfect equilibria, Kohlberg-Mertens stable sets and Mertens stable sets have the player splitting property. An example is given to show that the proper equilibrium concepts does not satisfy the player splitting property. Next, we give a definition of invariance under (general) player splittings which is an extension of the player splitting property to the situation where we also allow for dependent player splittings. We come to the conclusion that none of the solutions above are invariant under any dependent player splitting. The results are used to give several characterizations of the class of independent player splittings and the class of single appearance structures by means of invariance of solution concepts under player splittings
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