Benchmarking and viability assessment of optical packet switching for metro networks

Optical packet switching (OPS) has been proposed as a strong candidate for future metro networks. This paper assesses the viability of an OPS-based ring architecture as proposed within the research project DAVID (Data And Voice Integration on DWDM), funded by the European Commission through the Information Society Technologies (IST) framework. Its feasibility is discussed from a physical-layer point of view, and its limitations in size are explored. Through dimensioning studies, we show that the proposed OPS architecture is competitive with respect to alternative metropolitan area network (MAN) approaches, including synchronous digital hierarchy, resilient packet rings (RPR), and star-based Ethernet. Finally, the proposed OPS architectures are discussed from a logical performance point of view, and a high-quality scheduling algorithm to control the packet-switching operations in the rings is explained

Benchmarking and viability assessment of optical packet switching for metro networks

Optical packet switching (OPS) has been proposed as a strong candidate for future metro networks. This paper assesses the viability of an OPS-based ring architecture as proposed within the research project DAVID (Data And Voice Integration on DWDM), funded by the European Commission through the Information Society Technologies (IST) framework. Its feasibility is discussed from a physical-layer point of view, and its limitations in size are explored. Through dimensioning studies, we show that the proposed OPS architecture is competitive with respect to alternative metropolitan area network (MAN) approaches, including synchronous digital hierarchy, resilient packet rings (RPR), and star-based Ethernet. Finally, the proposed OPS architectures are discussed from a logical performance point of view, and a high-quality scheduling algorithm to control the packet-switching operations in the rings is explained

Modeling and analysis of LTE connectivity in a high mobility vehicular environment

Long-Term Evolution (LTE) technology has several features that make it an attractive alternative to be used in vehicle-to-infrastructure communications for intelligent transportation systems. However, before LTE can be widely used in this context, a number of analyses must provide convincing evidence that critical network functions (e.g. resource allocation strategies) yield adequate performance. To this end, in this work, we introduce a Markov-chain based model for LTE downlink channel quality, a prime factor affecting performance. Our model comes from the analysis of a large number of measurements of LTE Cell-Specific Reference Signals that were collected through a crowdsourcing application on a motorway in the UK. The model is intended to be used in performance evaluation studies and we exemplify its use with a case study, where we estimate the downlink transmission capacity of an LTE network. We also discuss other potential applications

Traffic allocation strategies in WSS-based dynamic optical networks

Elastic optical networking (EON) is a viable solution to meet future dynamic capacity requirements of Internet service provider and inter-datacenter networks. At the core of EON, wavelength selective switches (WSSs) are applied to individually route optical circuits, while assigning an arbitrary bandwidth to each circuit. Critically, the WSS control scheme and configuration time may delay the creation time of each circuit in the network. In this paper, we first detail the WSS-based optical data-plane implementation of a metropolitan network test-bed. Then, we review a software-defined networking (SDN) application designed to enable dynamic and fast circuit setup. Subsequently, we introduce a WSS logical model that captures the WSS time-sequence and is used to estimate the circuit-setup response time. Then, we present two batch service policies that aim to reduce the circuit-setup response time by bundling multiple WSS reconfiguration steps into a single SDN command. Resulting performance gains are estimated through simulation.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

QoS-Aware Ring Redundancy Protocol (QoS-ARRP) for High-Availability Ethernet Networks

During the last decade, Ethernet’s significance has increased in many embedded systems application areas, such as automotive, avionics and automation. However, guaranteeing the required availability level for such applications on Ethernet is still a hot research topic. In this specific area, we propose in this paper a new redundancy protocol for high availability Ethernet networks, called QoS-Aware Ring Redundancy Protocol (QoSARRP). First, the specifications of such a protocol are detailed, including the frame redundancy and filtering management, the auto-configuration mechanisms, as well as the maximum recovery time analysis. Second, the numerical results of the recovery time have shown the impact of the protocol parameters to tune and the trade-off between availability and scalability of the network. Moreover, we have benchmarked the state-of-the-art results on the recovery time against ours. A noticeable enhancement of the maximum recovery time with our proposal, thus of the availability level, has been highlighted

RADIO NETWORK PLANNING AND OPTIMIZATION IN MOBILE WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e)

The project is mainly about the radio network design in Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) system. Being an IP based, wireless broadband technology WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) is able to provide performance-wise like 802.11/Wi-Fi networks while at same time possess cellular network-like performance in terms of coverage and QOS (quality of service). Its acronym has meaning of "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX). WiMAX is introduced by IEEE to handle metropolitan area. Fixed WiMAX do provide coverage up to 50 km while its variant, Mobile WiMAX can cover up to 5-15 km distance. This is in contrast to WiFi technology which covers wireless local area network with radius of 100m at most. WiMAX can operates on both licensed and non-licensed frequencies, providing a regulated environment and viable economic model for wireless carriers. WiMAX’s purpose is to verify interoperability wireless broadband radios between vendors. Testings of WiMAX equipments are done by WiMAX Forum, mainly to confirm interoperability. This is contrast to its 4G counterpart- the more recent Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. LTE can be a parallel technology to WiMAX but LTE meant to provide controlled environment of Internet. LTE devices are hesitant to give free access while WiMAX is ready to serve metropolitan area unanimously. Residents of urban area or any densely populated area will have serious triple-play (voice, video, data) traffic congestion in terms of Internet connectivity when the physical link is in wired form. To elevate from congested to a much-less congested traffic, a wireless medium is proposed as an alternative to wired counterpart, that is WiMAX platform. WiMAX further divides into two category, Fixed WiMAX and Mobile WiMAX. For mobility advantages, Mobile WiMAX will be thouroughly discussed as the proposed solution for this problem. Ultimately, we will be able to verify performance of WiMAX network via simulator ArcMap running Cellular Expert interface, verify deployment of Base Station and verify optimized coverage pattern on the network

ARCFIRE : experimentation with the recursive InterNetwork Architecture

European funded research into the Recursive Inter-Network Architecture (RINA) started with IRATI, which developed an initial prototype implementation for OS/Linux. IRATI was quickly succeeded by the PRISTINE project, which developed different policies, each tailored to specific use cases. Both projects were development-driven, where most experimentation was limited to unit testing and smaller scale integration testing. In order to assess the viability of RINA as an alternative to current network technologies, larger scale experimental deployments are needed. The opportunity arose for a project that shifted focus from development towards experimentation, leveraging Europe's investment in Future Internet Research and Experimentation (FIRE+) infrastructures. The ARCFIRE project took this next step, developing a user-friendly framework for automating RINA experiments. This paper reports and discusses the implications of the experimental results achieved by the ARCFIRE project, using open source RINA implementations deployed on FIRE+ Testbeds. Experiments analyze the properties of RINA relevant to fast network recovery, network renumbering, Quality of Service, distributed mobility management, and network management. Results highlight RINA properties that can greatly simplify the deployment and management of real-world networks; hence, the next steps should be focused on addressing very specific use cases with complete network RINA-based networking solutions that can be transferred to the market

The knowledge economy : increasing human capital on the U.S. I-65 corridor.

In economics, the term growth often refers to the increase in economic activity between two points in time. Within the context of the United States of America, the language of growth has permeated beyond just economics and into other societal institutions due to spillover. As a result, growth is not just an economic term but rather a part of the culture of capitalism which impacts every area of society. The dissertation using growth machine theory and the global cities literature examines how in the knowledge economy, cities play a growing role in mediating the supply and demand for post-secondary attainment. The research recognizes that as the knowledge economy expands, cities, states, and nation states will look for new channels of meeting a precondition for growth: human capital. The study examines 58 cities and finds a great divergence taking place between high and low attainment cities in the United States. Additionally, the dissertation examines three case study cities on the U.S. I-65 interstate corridor: Indianapolis, Louisville, and Nashville. The case studies examine how and why cities are working to raise the percentage of their populations with a college degree. Findings show that cities are working to raiseattainment for the purposes of: economic development, economic competitiveness, and individual empowerment. To meet attainment goals each city’s human capital system works to develop, retain, and attract individuals with at least a post-secondary degree. Additionally, the research discusses the long-term implications of using growth and competition as a rationale for increased higher educational attainment. In conclusion, the study questions and recommends future research on the changing purpose of higher education in the United States

Lossless Photonic Switched Networks For Metro-access

We evaluate through computer simulation the performance of Photonic switching OPS/OBS networks of various sizes and configurations, based on a lossless (amplified) photonic switching node experimentally demonstrated previously. The great advantage of photonic switching is transparency to signal rate and format. Thus we propose a basic flexible network, with low-energy consumption and high-efficiency. In simulations traffic load is varied and network parameters such as, average number of hops (ANH), network latency (delay) and packet loss fraction are evaluated. Consistent results for the various configurations are presented, analyzed and discussed; and Interesting conclusions emerge.9773Conference on Optical Metro Networks and Short-Haul Systems VIIIFEB 16-18, 2016San Francisco, C