7 research outputs found
(Semi-)Automated digital preservation archives for small institutions and private users
Large heritage institutions have been addressing the demands posed by digital preservation needs for some time. In contrast small institutions and private users are less prepared to handle these challenges. An increasing quantity of digital collections is held by small institution with limited know-how and awareness of digital preservation. Digital assets are becoming more important for an increasing number of institutions in the long run (e.g. legal obligation, intellectual property or business data). The limited resource in these institutions for archiving drives the need for new approaches of (fully or semi)-automated archiving systems. Research and development in the area of digital preservation is mainly done by memory institutions and large businesses. Consequently, the available tools, services and models are developed to meet the demands of professional environments.
Automated archiving systems are needed for institutions with little professional know how in digital preservation. Important aspects are hiding the complexity of the processes, providing support for decision making and automated error handling. The automation of preservation workflows raises a number of research questions, e.g. metadata management, quality assurance and tolerable limit of loss of preservation actions and automated preservation planning
Analysis of College Students’ Personal Health Information Activities: Online Survey
Background: With abundant personal health information at hand, individuals are faced with a critical challenge in evaluating the informational value of health care records to keep useful information and discard that which is determined useless. Young, healthy college students who were previously dependents of adult parents or caregivers are less likely to be concerned with disease management. Personal health information management (PHIM) is a special case of personal information management (PIM) that is associated with multiple interactions among varying stakeholders and systems. However, there has been limited evidence to understand informational or behavioral underpinning of the college students’ PHIM activities, which can influence their health in general throughout their lifetime.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate demographic and academic profiles of college students with relevance to PHIM activities. Next, we sought to construct major PHIM-related activity components and perceptions among college students. Finally, we sought to discover major factors predicting core PHIM activities among college students we sampled.
Methods: A Web survey was administered to collect responses about PHIM behaviors and perceptions among college students from the University of Kentucky from January through March 2017. A total of 1408 college students were included in the analysis. PHIM perceptions, demographics, and academic variations were used as independent variables to predict diverse PHIM activities using a principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical regression analyses (SPSS v.24, IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA).
Results: Majority of the participants were female (956/1408, 67.90%), and the age distribution of this population included an adequate representation of college students of all ages. The most preferred health information resources were family (612/1408, 43.47%), health care professionals (366/1408, 26.00%), friends (27/1408, 1.91%), and the internet (157/1408, 11.15%). Organizational or curatorial activities such as Arranging, Labeling, Categorizing, and Discarding were rated low (average=3.21, average=3.02, average=2.52, and average=2.42, respectively). The PCA results suggested 3 components from perception factors labeled as follows: Assistance (alpha=.85), Awareness (alpha=.716), and Difficulty (alpha=.558). Overall, the Demographics and Academics variables were not significant in predicting dependent variables such as Labeling, Categorizing, Health Education Materials, and Discarding, whereas they were significant for other outcome variables such as Sharing, Collecting, Knowing, Insurance Information, Using, and Owning.
Conclusions: College years are a significant time for students to learn decision-making skills for maintaining information, a key aspect of health records, as well as for educators to provide appropriate educational and decision aids in the environment of learning as independent adults. Our study will contribute to better understand knowledge about specific skills and perceptions for college students’ practice of effective PHIM throughout their lives
Living Legacies: Recovering Data from 5¼” Floppy Disk Storage Media for the Commodore 64
In an attempt to investigate the challenges of recovering and preserving digital objects from legacy systems this case study focuses on working with a particular storage medium and computing hardware. This study illustrates the physical and representational challenges that result from recovering data created with a Commodore 64 computer and stored on 5¼" floppy disks. A system for classifying types of digital objects found in the sample of recovered data was developed. This study contributes to the discourse of collecting institutions engaged in digital preservation and provides examples of ad hoc solutions for working through the challenges of recovering meaningful information from legacy systems. The issues that come to light in this study can be extended beyond the context of the Commodore 64 to include other types of digital resources and computing artifacts that will potentially cross the archival threshold in the near future
Personal Digital Archiving
Personal Digital Archiving ist ein wenig untersuchtes Forschungsgebiet, dass sich mit der Archivierung privater Daten durch private Anwender beschäftigt. Individuelle Archivierungsstrategien, eingeschränkte technische und organisatorische Kompetenzen und emotionale Entscheidungen verhindern automatisierte Archivierungshandlungen, wie sie für die institutionelle Langzeitarchivierung definiert sind. Diese Arbeit untersucht, welche Konzepte der institutionellen Langzeitarchivierung in skalierter Form auch durch private Anwender adaptiert werden können und wie diese in Deutschland durch Bibliotheken in ihrer Funktion als Experten für die institutionelle Langzeitarchivierung, aber auch als direkte Schnittstelle zum archivierenden Nutzer vermittelt werden können. Vorgeschlagen wird die Erstellung allgemeiner Informationen unter Beteiligung von nestor sowie die Vermittlung innerhalb von Veranstaltungen zur Informationskompetenz an wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken und die praktische Umsetzung durch den Aufbau gemeinschaftlicher Repositorien an öffentlichen Bibliotheken.Personal digital archiving is an underresearched area of digital preservation that deals with the preservation of personal digital objects through individuals. Varying archiving practices, limited technical and organizational competencies as well as affective actions prevent the establishment of formal archiving standards. The thesis explores how digital preservation practices can be scaled down to benefit individuals‘ archiving needs and the role of German libraries as operating instances in digital preservation and information literacy. The distribution of basic archiving information for the general public through the nationwide nestor preservation cooperative is recommended as well as teaching personal digital archiving as a part of information literacy in higher education and the establishment of community archives through public libraries
Aggregating Private and Public Web Archives Using the Mementity Framework
Web archives preserve the live Web for posterity, but the content on the Web one cares about may not be preserved. The ability to access this content in the future requires the assurance that those sites will continue to exist on the Web until the content is requested and that the content will remain accessible. It is ultimately the responsibility of the individual to preserve this content, but attempting to replay personally preserved pages segregates archived pages by individuals and organizations of personal, private, and public Web content. This is misrepresentative of the Web as it was. While the Memento Framework may be used for inter-archive aggregation, no dynamics exist for the special consideration needed for the contents of these personal and private captures.
In this work we introduce a framework for aggregating private and public Web archives. We introduce three mementities that serve the roles of the aforementioned aggregation, access control to personal Web archives, and negotiation of Web archives in dimensions beyond time, inclusive of the dimension of privacy. These three mementities serve as the foundation of the Mementity Framework. We investigate the difficulties and dynamics of preserving, replaying, aggregating, propagating, and collaborating with live Web captures of personal and private content. We offer a systematic solution to these outstanding issues through the application of the framework. We ensure the framework\u27s applicability beyond the use cases we describe as well as the extensibility of reusing the mementities for currently unforeseen access patterns. We evaluate the framework by justifying the mementity design decisions, formulaically abstracting the anticipated temporal and spatial costs, and providing reference implementations, usage, and examples for the framework
Repositório digital pessoal semântico baseado na “cloud”
Doutoramento em InformáticaAo longo do tempo os indivíduos procuraram sempre formas de preservar
o conhecimento, recordações e experiencias de vida. A busca por suportes
estáveis que possam preservar as recordações dos efeitos da passagem do
tempo leva à projeção das mesmas sobre objetos físicos. Estes objetos eventualmente
são agregados em coleções que representam partes das vidas dos
seus criadores, e que que podem ser partilhadas com outras pessoas. O uso
generalizado das tecnologias da informação, conjuntamente com a sua simplicidade
trouxe consigo uma mudança de paradigma, levando a que muitas
interações que poderiam criar objetos físicos sobre os quais seriam projetadas
recordações passassem do mundo físico para o mundo digital passando a criar
objetos digitais, sobre os quais também podem ser projetadas recordações,
tal como o que acontece com os seus equivalentes físicos. Devido a sua
natureza digital estes objetos são simples de criar, manipular, duplicar e
partilhar. Estas características colocam-nos numa posição em que podem
ser gerados facilmente, usado para transmitir conteúdo aparentemente trivial
que é depois partilhado e prontamente esquecido. No entanto, apesar destes
objetos poderem passar a incorporar memorias, a combinação do excesso de
confiança nas suas características intrínsecas e de uma atitude que convida
ao esquecimento acabam por impedir este desfecho, o que pode levar a que
no futuro os indivíduos percam o acesso a estes objetos. O trabalho desenvolvido
ao longo desta tese foca-se sobre este problema, propondo resolve-lo
com a criação de um sistema de repositórios digitais pessoas para a recolha
de informação sobre o conteúdo pessoal de cada individuo. Em vez de se
focar na recolha do conteúdo propriamente dita, um repositório digital pessoal
dá prioridade à recolha de metadados sobre o conteúdo (desde que este
não esteja em perigo iminente) de forma a no futuro poder guiar os indivíduos
de volta aos serviços na “nuvem” onde o conteúdo ainda reside no
seu contexto original. Em cenários pessoais não é viável recorrer a pessoal
especializado para proceder a recolha e seleção destes dados. Para mitigar
este problema, os dados são recolhidos o mais cedo e próximo da origem
quanto possível por agentes de recolha. Estes foram desenhados de forma a
minimizar a intrusão nas rotinas dos seus utilizadores, ao mesmo tempo que
oferecem serviços complementares que podem ser utilizados de forma independente
do repositório digital pessoal, fomentando assim a adoção do uso
destes agentes. Este trabalho também descreve uma proposta de extensão
ao modelo CIDOC/CRM, utilizado para classificar e organizar a informação
recolhida. Esta extensão foi criada devido à necessidade de dotar o modelo
de novas entidades e propriedades destinadas a lidar com objetos digitais e
cenários pessoais.Throughout time individuals have always sought forms to preserve their
knowledge, memories and life experiences. Physical objects provide a
medium upon which individuals are able to project their memories, in an
attempt that they remain in a stable support better able to cope with the
passage of time. Physical objects eventually coalesce into a collection that
comes to represent part of its owners’ lives and that can eventually be passed
on to others. Widespread use of information technologies, coupled with their
perceived ease of use has shifted many interactions that would end up producing
external memory objects from the physical to the digital realm. As
with their physical counterparts, digital objects can also be used by individuals
to project their memories. Due to their digital nature, these objects
are simple to create, produce, manipulate, duplicate and share. These traits
place them into a position where they can be generated without too much
effort to convey what might appear to be trivial content, readily shared and
forgotten afterwards. Though, through memory projection they could become
part of their creator’s legacy, overconfidence in their reproducibility and
being forgotten can prevent them from being so. This deprives their creators
from part of their lives that, in spite of appearing trivial at first, might acquire
a deeper meaning with the passage of time. The work done throughout
this thesis addresses this issue by proposing the creation of personal digital
repositories to collect information regarding personal content. Instead
of focusing on collecting the content itself, the personal digital repository
prioritises gathering metadata about the content (when not immediately at
risk) in order to lead its owner back to the “cloud” applications where the
content can still be found in its original context. In personal scenarios it is
not feasible to rely on trained personnel to help with content gathering and
organisation. To mitigate this issue, content is collected as soon as possible
by collection agents. These are designed to be as unobtrusive as possible,
also offering additional services that can be used even without the personal
digital repository in order to encourage their adoption. This creates an intertwined
ecosystem where the content collection agents feed the personal
digital repository and can in turn use previously collected content to support
their additional services. This work also describes a proposed extension to
the CIDOC/CRM model, used to classify and organise the collected information.
The extension was created due to a perceived gap in the CIDOC/CRM
model when it came to dealing with digital objects
Электронные библиотеки: перспективные методы и технологии, электронные коллекции
Электронные библиотеки – область исследований и разработок, направленных на развитие теории и практики обработки, распространения, хранения, анализа и поиска цифровых данных различной природы. Основная цель серии конференций RCDL заключается в формировании сообщества специалистов России, ведущих исследования и разработки в области электронных библиотек и близких областях. Всероссийская научная конференция 2009 г. (RCDL'2009) является одиннадцатой конференцией по данной тематике (1999 г. – Санкт-Петербург, 2000 г. – Протвино, 2001 г. – Петрозаводск, 2002 г. – Дубна, 2003 г. – Санкт-Петербург, 2004 г. – Пущино, 2005 г. – Ярославль, 2006 г. – Суздаль, 2007 г. – Переславль-Залесский, 2008 г. – Дубна).
Настоящий сборник включает тексты докладов, коротких сообщений и стендовых докладов, отобранных Программным комитетом RCDL'2009 в результате проведенного рецензирования