1,624 research outputs found
Preliminary on Human Driver Behavior: A Review
Drowsiness is one of the main factors causing traffic accidents. Research on drowsiness can effectively reduce the traffic accident rate. According to the existing literature, this paper divides the current measurement techniques into subjective and objective ones. Among them, invasive detection and non-invasive detection based on vehicles or drivers are the main objective detection methods.Then, this paper studies the characteristics of drowsiness, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each detection method in practical application. Finally, the development of detection technology is prospected, and provides ideas for the follow-up development of fatigue driving detection technology
Bias Remediation in Driver Drowsiness Detection Systems Using Generative Adversarial Networks
Datasets are crucial when training a deep neural network. When datasets are
unrepresentative, trained models are prone to bias because they are unable to
generalise to real world settings. This is particularly problematic for models
trained in specific cultural contexts, which may not represent a wide range of
races, and thus fail to generalise. This is a particular challenge for Driver
drowsiness detection, where many publicly available datasets are
unrepresentative as they cover only certain ethnicity groups. Traditional
augmentation methods are unable to improve a model's performance when tested on
other groups with different facial attributes, and it is often challenging to
build new, more representative datasets. In this paper, we introduce a novel
framework that boosts the performance of detection of drowsiness for different
ethnicity groups. Our framework improves Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
trained for prediction by using Generative Adversarial networks (GAN) for
targeted data augmentation based on a population bias visualisation strategy
that groups faces with similar facial attributes and highlights where the model
is failing. A sampling method selects faces where the model is not performing
well, which are used to fine-tune the CNN. Experiments show the efficacy of our
approach in improving driver drowsiness detection for under represented
ethnicity groups. Here, models trained on publicly available datasets are
compared with a model trained using the proposed data augmentation strategy.
Although developed in the context of driver drowsiness detection, the proposed
framework is not limited to the driver drowsiness detection task, but can be
applied to other applications.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
IMPROVED PSO BASED DRIVER’S DROWSINESS DETECTION USING FUZZY CLASSIFIER
In this drowsiness detection framework two actions including brain and visual features are utilised to distinguish the various levels of drowsiness. These actions are provided by the EEG and EOG signal brain actions. From the EEG and EOG signals the peculiarities like mean, peak, pitch, maximum, minimum, standard deviation are assessed . In these peculiarities we decide on some best attributes - peak and pitch employing an IPSO strategy that picks up the best threshold esteem. These signals are then offered into the STFT which is employed to discover the signal length, producing a STFT network from the intermittent hamming window,the output of which are energy signals alpha and beta. These energy signals are offered into the MCT to get an alpha mean and a beta mean -the most chosen and outstanding attributes. These are then subjected to fuzzy based classification to give a precise result checking over the maximum values in the alpha and the beta series .
 
A Method for Recognizing Fatigue Driving Based on Dempster-Shafer Theory and Fuzzy Neural Network
This study proposes a method based on Dempster-Shafer theory (DST) and fuzzy neural network (FNN) to improve the reliability of recognizing fatigue driving. This method measures driving states using multifeature fusion. First, FNN is introduced to obtain the basic probability assignment (BPA) of each piece of evidence given the lack of a general solution to the definition of BPA function. Second, a modified algorithm that revises conflict evidence is proposed to reduce unreasonable fusion results when unreliable information exists. Finally, the recognition result is given according to the combination of revised evidence based on Dempster’s rule. Experiment results demonstrate that the recognition method proposed in this paper can obtain reasonable results with the combination of information given by multiple features. The proposed method can also effectively and accurately describe driving states
Advanced Signal Processing in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring
Smart, wearables devices on a miniature scale are becoming increasingly widely available, typically in the form of smart watches and other connected devices. Consequently, devices to assist in measurements such as electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyography (EMG), blood pressure (BP), photoplethysmography (PPG), heart rhythm, respiration rate, apnoea, and motion detection are becoming more available, and play a significant role in healthcare monitoring. The industry is placing great emphasis on making these devices and technologies available on smart devices such as phones and watches. Such measurements are clinically and scientifically useful for real-time monitoring, long-term care, and diagnosis and therapeutic techniques. However, a pertaining issue is that recorded data are usually noisy, contain many artefacts, and are affected by external factors such as movements and physical conditions. In order to obtain accurate and meaningful indicators, the signal has to be processed and conditioned such that the measurements are accurate and free from noise and disturbances. In this context, many researchers have utilized recent technological advances in wearable sensors and signal processing to develop smart and accurate wearable devices for clinical applications. The processing and analysis of physiological signals is a key issue for these smart wearable devices. Consequently, ongoing work in this field of study includes research on filtration, quality checking, signal transformation and decomposition, feature extraction and, most recently, machine learning-based methods
ERUDITE: Human-in-the-Loop IoT for an Adaptive Personalized Learning System
Thanks to the rapid growth in wearable technologies and recent advancement in
machine learning and signal processing, monitoring complex human contexts
becomes feasible, paving the way to develop human-in-the-loop IoT systems that
naturally evolve to adapt to the human and environment state autonomously.
Nevertheless, a central challenge in designing many of these IoT systems arises
from the requirement to infer the human mental state, such as intention,
stress, cognition load, or learning ability. While different human contexts can
be inferred from the fusion of different sensor modalities that can correlate
to a particular mental state, the human brain provides a richer sensor modality
that gives us more insights into the required human context. This paper
proposes ERUDITE, a human-in-the-loop IoT system for the learning environment
that exploits recent wearable neurotechnology to decode brain signals. Through
insights from concept learning theory, ERUDITE can infer the human state of
learning and understand when human learning increases or declines. By
quantifying human learning as an input sensory signal, ERUDITE can provide
adequate personalized feedback to humans in a learning environment to enhance
their learning experience. ERUDITE is evaluated across participants and
showed that by using the brain signals as a sensor modality to infer the human
learning state and providing personalized adaptation to the learning
environment, the participants' learning performance increased on average by
. Furthermore, we showed that ERUDITE can be deployed on an edge-based
prototype to evaluate its practicality and scalability.Comment: It is under review in the IEEE IoT journa
A video-based technique for heart rate and eye blinks rate estimation: A potential solution for telemonitoring and remote healthcare
11noopenCurrent telemedicine and remote healthcare applications foresee different interactions between the doctor and the patient relying on the use of commercial and medical wearable sensors and internet-based video conferencing platforms. Nevertheless, the existing applications necessarily require a contact between the patient and sensors for an objective evaluation of the patient’s state. The proposed study explored an innovative video-based solution for monitoring neurophysiological parameters of potential patients and assessing their mental state. In particular, we investigated the possibility to estimate the heart rate (HR) and eye blinks rate (EBR) of participants while performing laboratory tasks by mean of facial—video analysis. The objectives of the study were focused on: (i) assessing the effectiveness of the proposed technique in estimating the HR and EBR by comparing them with laboratory sensor-based measures and (ii) assessing the capability of the video—based technique in discriminating between the participant’s resting state (Nominal condition) and their active state (Non-nominal condition). The results demonstrated that the HR and EBR estimated through the facial—video technique or the laboratory equipment did not statistically differ (p > 0.1), and that these neurophysiological parameters allowed to discriminate between the Nominal and Non-nominal states (p <0.02).openRonca V.; Giorgi A.; Rossi D.; Di Florio A.; Di Flumeri G.; Aricò P.; Sciaraffa N.; Vozzi A.; Tamborra L.; Simonetti I.; Borghini G.Ronca, V.; Giorgi, A.; Rossi, D.; Di Florio, A.; Di Flumeri, G.; Aricò, P.; Sciaraffa, N.; Vozzi, A.; Tamborra, L.; Simonetti, I.; Borghini, G
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