Solving the Canonical Representation and Star System Problems for Proper Circular-Arc Graphs in Log-Space

We present a logspace algorithm that constructs a canonical intersection model for a given proper circular-arc graph, where `canonical' means that models of isomorphic graphs are equal. This implies that the recognition and the isomorphism problems for this class of graphs are solvable in logspace. For a broader class of concave-round graphs, that still possess (not necessarily proper) circular-arc models, we show that those can also be constructed canonically in logspace. As a building block for these results, we show how to compute canonical models of circular-arc hypergraphs in logspace, which are also known as matrices with the circular-ones property. Finally, we consider the search version of the Star System Problem that consists in reconstructing a graph from its closed neighborhood hypergraph. We solve it in logspace for the classes of proper circular-arc, concave-round, and co-convex graphs.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures, major revisio

Graph Isomorphism and Identification Matrices: Sequential Algorithms

AbstractA number of properties on identification matrices are presented here. For example, we prove that adjacency matrices are identification matrices for all bipartite graphs. We also study the application of the theory of identification matrices to solving the graph isomorphism problem, a famous open problem. We show that, given two graphs represented by two identification matrices with respect to a certain relation, isomorphism can be decided efficiently if at least one matrix satisfies the consecutive 1's property or a relaxed property thereof. Graphs which have identification matrices satisfying the consecutive 1's property include, among others, proper interval graphs and doubly convex bipartite graphs. This work leads to the first efficient isomorphism testing algorithms for certain classes of graphs and more efficient algorithms for some other classes of graphs. The algorithms for some classes of graphs including convex bipartite graphs run in linear time and are optimal

Fast Parallel Algorithms for Basic Problems

Parallel processing is one of the most active research areas these days. We are interested in one aspect of parallel processing, i.e. the design and analysis of parallel algorithms. Here, we focus on non-numerical parallel algorithms for basic combinatorial problems, such as data structures, selection, searching, merging and sorting. The purposes of studying these types of problems are to obtain basic building blocks which will be useful in solving complex problems, and to develop fundamental algorithmic techniques. In this thesis, we study the following problems: priority queues, multiple search and multiple selection, and reconstruction of a binary tree from its traversals. The research on priority queue was motivated by its various applications. The purpose of studying multiple search and multiple selection is to explore the relationships between four of the most fundamental problems in algorithm design, that is, selection, searching, merging and sorting; while our parallel solutions can be used as subroutines in algorithms for other problems. The research on the last problem, reconstruction of a binary tree from its traversals, was stimulated by a challenge proposed in a recent paper by Berkman et al. ( Highly Parallelizable Problems, STOC 89) to design doubly logarithmic time optimal parallel algorithms because a remarkably small number of such parallel algorithms exist

Propriedade dos uns consecutivos e arvores PQR

Orientador: João MeidanisDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de ComputaçãoResumo: Neste trabalho formalizamos as Árvores PQR de Meidanis e Munuera e seu relacionamento com a propriedade dos uns consecutivos e com as Árvores PQ de Booth e Lueker. Mostramos que uma árvore PQR construída para uma coleção C de subconjuntos de um universo U é capaz de armazenar todas as permutações de U que verificam a propriedade dos uns consecutivos. Apresentamos dois algoritmos para construir as árvores PQR, um recursivo e outro não recursivo, e alguns problemas relativos à propriedade e às coleções de conjuntos que podem ser resolvidos através destas árvores. Analisamos, ainda, um conjunto de aplicações das Árvores PQ e consideramos a possibilidade de empregar as árvores PQRAbstract: In the present work we formalize Meidanis and Munuera's PQR trees and their relationship with the Consecutive Ones Property and with Booth and Lueker's PQ trees. We show that a PQR tree built for a colIection C of subsets of a ground set U is able to store alI permutations of U that verify the consecutive ones property. We introduce two algorithms that build the PQR trees, a recursive and a non recursive one, and some problems related to the consecutive ones property and to colIections of sets that can be solved using them. We analyze some applications of the PQ trees and inspect the useness of the PQR treesMestradoMestre em Ciência da Computaçã