PID control system analysis and design

With its three-term functionality offering treatment of both transient and steady-state responses, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control provides a generic and efficient solution to realworld control problems. The wide application of PID control has stimulated and sustained research and development to "get the best out of PID", and "the search is on to find the next key technology or methodology for PID tuning". This article presents remedies for problems involving the integral and derivative terms. PID design objectives, methods, and future directions are discussed. Subsequently, a computerized, simulation-based approach is presented, together with illustrative design results for first-order, higher order, and nonlinear plants. Finally, we discuss differences between academic research and industrial practice, so as to motivate new research directions in PID control

Understanding and Design of an Arduino-based PID Controller

This thesis presents research and design of a Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) controller that uses a microcontroller (Arduino) platform. The research part discusses the structure of a PID algorithm with some motivating work already performed with the Arduino-based PID controller from various fields. An inexpensive Arduino-based PID controller designed in the laboratory to control the temperature, consists of hardware parts: Arduino UNO, thermoelectric cooler, and electronic components while the software portion includes C/C++ programming. The PID parameters for a particular controller are found manually. The role of different PID parameters is discussed with the subsequent comparison between different modes of PID controllers. The designed system can effectively measure the temperature with an error of ± 0.6℃ while a stable temperature control with only slight deviation from the desired value (setpoint) is achieved. The designed system and concepts learned from the control system serve in pursuing inexpensive and precise ways to control physical parameters within a desired range in our laboratory

Inverted Pendulum Human Transporter Balance Control System Based on Proportional Integral Derivative – Active Force Control

Many research for the balancing of inverted pendulum control system to develop the performance. This paper will simulate a Proportional Integral Derivative – Active Force Control (PID-ACF) methods to swing a pendulum attached to a cart from an initial downwards position to an upright position and keep that condition stable and implemented to the segway chair human transporter. The combined control between PID and AFC system is used to maintain the actual acceleration is affected by disruption of the references given, because external disturbance can affect the system. For the experimental it will compare the performance between using a classical control PID and PID-AFC

Inverted Pendulum Human Transporter Balance Control System Based on Proportional Integral Derivative – Active Force Control

Many research for the balancing of inverted pendulum control system to develop the performance. This paper will simulate a Proportional Integral Derivative – Active Force Control (PID-ACF) methods to swing a pendulum attached to a cart from an initial downwards position to an upright position and keep that condition stable and implemented to the segway chair human transporter. The combined control between PID and AFC system is used to maintain the actual acceleration is affected by disruption of the references given, because external disturbance can affect the system. For the experimental it will compare the performance between using a classical control PID and PID-AFC. Keywords: inverted pendulum, Active Force Control, segway

Dynamic PID loop control

The Horizontal Test Stand (HTS) SRF Cavity and Cryomodule 1 (CM1) of eight 9-cell, 1.3GHz SRF cavities are operating at Fermilab. For the cryogenic control system, how to hold liquid level constant in the cryostat by regulation of its Joule-Thompson JT-valve is very important after cryostat cool down to 2.0 K. The 72-cell cryostat liquid level response generally takes a long time delay after regulating its JT-valve; therefore, typical PID control loop should result in some cryostat parameter oscillations. This paper presents a type of PID parameter self-optimal and Time-Delay control method used to reduce cryogenic system parameters' oscillation.Comment: 7 pp. Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference CEC-ICMC 2011, 13-17 June 2011. Spokane, Washingto

IMPLEMENTATION PID IN THE SYSTEM CONTROL SPACE HEATER BASED MICROCONTROLLER ATMega 8535

Final project aims to make hardware and software space heaters as a PID control system automatically controls heating control room and to know the performance of PID control applications using microcontroller ATmega 8535. In designing the PID implementation In Space Heater Control System Based Microcontroller ATMega 8535. The author uses several hardware components that support the operation of this instrument, namely a temperature sensor LM35, optotriac MOC 3021, TRIAC BT136, microcontroller ATMega 8535, as well as a heated indoor measuring 30cm x 30cm x 30cm. For authors use software components to help codevision AVR C programming language, while the facility in microcontroller ATMega 8535 used is the external interrupt 0, timer 0, timer 1, and ADC. With the above design of this tool may be run according to expectations. Performance of PID control system to control this whole space heaters can work well. Results of testing and discussion of PID parameters, shows the value of the temperature within the ideal temperature range hatch eggs. So this tool with the PID parameters such as testing, it can be used or applied as an egg incubator. Keywords: PID Control, Space Heaters, Microcontroller ATmega 853

Self-tuning run-time reconfigurable PID controller

Digital PID control algorithm is one of the most commonly used algorithms in the control systems area. This algorithm is very well known, it is simple, easily implementable in the computer control systems and most of all its operation is very predictable. Thus PID control has got well known impact on the control system behavior. However, in its simple form the controller have no reconfiguration support. In a case of the controlled system substantial changes (or the whole control environment, in the wider aspect, for example if the disturbances characteristics would change) it is not possible to make the PID controller robust enough. In this paper a new structure of digital PID controller is proposed, where the policy-based computing is used to equip the controller with the ability to adjust it's behavior according to the environmental changes. Application to the electro-oil evaporator which is a part of distillation installation is used to show the new controller structure in operation

Active force control of 3-RRR planar parallel manipulator

This paper presents a new and novel method to control a 3-RRR (revolute-revolute-revolute) planar parallel manipulator using an active force control (AFC) strategy. A traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller was first designed and developed to demonstrate the basic and stable response of the manipulator in performing trajectory tracking tasks. Later, the AFC section was incorporated into the control scheme in cascade form by adding it in series with the PID controller (PID+AFC), its primary aim of which is to improve the overall system dynamic performance particularly when the manipulator is subjected to different loading conditions. Results clearly illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed AFC-based scheme in rejecting the disturbances compared to the traditional PID controller