Optimal constrained wireless emergency network antenna placement

Communication is paramount, especially during a natural disaster or other emergency. Even when traditional lines of communication become unavailable, emergency response teams must be able to communicate with each other and the outside world. To facilitate this need, major cities across the United States are deploying wireless emergency networks (WENs) that serve as a secure communication channel between emergency response points (police stations, shelters, food banks, hospitals, etc.) and the outside world. An important question when designing such networks is identifying the locations within the city where access points (APs) should be placed to construct a reliable WEN. We propose a framework for identifying the optimal placement of wireless network antennas within a city, given multiple criteria constraints, and present our initial efforts to realize this framework

Optimal Constrained Wireless Emergency Network Antennae Placement

With increasing number of mobile devices, newly introduced smart devices, and the Internet of things (IoT) sensors, the current microwave frequency spectrum is getting rapidly congested. The obvious solution to this frequency spectrum congestion is to use millimeter wave spectrum ranging from 6 GHz to 300 GHz. With the use of millimeter waves, we can enjoy very high communication speeds and very low latency. But, this technology also introduces some challenges that we hardly faced before. The most important one among these challenges is the Line of Sight (LOS) requirement. In the emergent concept of smart cities, the wireless emergency network is set to use millimeter waves. We have worked on the problem of efficiently finding a line of sight for such wireless emergency network antennae in minimal time. We devised two algorithms, Sequential Line of Sight (SLOS) and Tiled Line of Sight (TLOS), both perform better than traditional algorithms in terms of execution time. The tiled line of sight algorithm reduces the time required for a single line of sight query from 200 ms for traditional algorithms to mere 1.7 ms on average

NOMA-Based UAV-Aided Networks for Emergency Communications

High spectrum efficiency (SE) requirement and massive connections are the main challenges for the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) wireless networks, especially for the case when Internet of Things (IoT) devices are located in a disaster area. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-aided network is emerging as a promising technique to overcome the above challenges. In this paper, an emergency communications framework of NOMA-based UAV-aided networks is established, where the disasters scenarios can be divided into three broad categories that have named emergency areas, wide areas and dense areas. First, a UAV-enabled uplink NOMA system is established to gather information from IoT devices in emergency areas. Then, a joint UAV deployment and resource allocation scheme for a multi-UAV enabled NOMA system is developed to extend the UAV coverage for IoT devices in wide areas. Furthermore, a UAV equipped with an antenna array has been considered to provide wireless service for multiple devices that are densely distributed in disaster areas. Simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the above three schemes. Finally, potential research directions and challenges are also highlighted and discussed