Capacity in nonlinear fiber transmission systems

We review the nonlinear channel capacity of optical fiber communication systems using both linear and nonlinear amplifiers. We show that the capacity of a nonlinear transmission system employing linear optical amplifiers can be enhanced by over 300% by using all optical regeneration

Glass material and their advanced applications

The present review summarizes the progress made in the area of glass science and also propose new definition of glass. The applications of glasses in everyday life and especially glasses used for light emitting devices, optical displays, optical fibers, amplifiers, lasers which are of special interest. Among these materials rare earth ions doped glasses are of great important to optoelectronics and are widely used in optical fiber amplifiers and solid state high power lasers for telecommunications and light emitting diodes. Optical fiber revolutionized the glass industry and is been used as sensing applications which depends upon light wavelength, fiber parameters, fiber geometry, and metal layer properties. Even smart glasses play a vital role in the medical field

Advances in high power short pulse fiber laser systems and technology

We review recent advances in Yb fiber lasers and amplifiers for high power short pulse systems. We go on to describe associated recent developments in fiber components for use in such systems. Examples include microstructured optical fibers for pulse compression and supercontinuum generation, and advanced fiber grating technology for chirped-pulse amplifier systems

Bi-doped fiber amplifiers: optical properties, challenges and applications

Bismuth (Bi)-doped optical fibers are of great interest because of the broad luminescence offered by them. These fibers have huge potential to develop lasers and amplifiers in wavelength bands uncovered by the rare earth (RE)-doped materials such as Ytterbium, Erbium, and Thulium. Bi-doped aluminosilicate, phosphosilicate and germanosilicate fibers have shown luminescence around 1150nm, 1300nm and 1450nm bands, respectively. The lasers and amplifiers in these bands have widespread applications in medicine, astronomy and material processing as well as optical fiber communication. Here, we introduce the optical properties of Bi-doped fibers and current challenges for their optimum performance. We also review our recent developments in Bi-doped aluminosilicate and phosphosilicate fiber amplifiers operating in different wavelength bands of the near-IR region and their applications

Wavelength conversion for WDM communication systems using four-wavemixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Four-wave mixing (FWM) in semiconductor optical amplifiers is an attractive mechanism for wavelength conversion in wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems since it provides modulation format and bit rate transparency over wide tuning ranges. A series of systems experiments evaluating several aspects of the performance of these devices at bit rates of 2.5 and 10 Gb/s are presented. Included are single-channel conversion over 18 nm of shift at 10 Gb/s, multichannel conversion, and cascaded conversions. In addition time resolved spectral analysis of wavelength conversion is presented

Self-Similar Propagation and Amplification of Parabolic Pulses in Optical Fibers

Ultrashort pulse propagation in high gain optical fiber amplifiers with normal dispersion is studied by self-similarity analysis of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with gain. An exact asymptotic solution is found, corresponding to a linearly chirped parabolic pulse which propagates self-similarly subject to simple scaling rules. The solution has been confirmed by numerical simulations and experiments studying propagation in a Yb-doped fiber amplifier. Additional experiments show that the pulses remain parabolic after propagation through standard single mode fiber with normal dispersion

Co-axial dual-core resonant leaky fibre for optical amplifiers

We present a co-axial dual-core resonant leaky optical fibre design, in which the outer core is made highly leaky. A suitable choice of parameters can enable us to resonantly couple power from the inner core to the outer core. In a large-core fibre, such a resonant coupling can considerably increase the differential leakage loss between the fundamental and the higher order modes and can result in effective single-mode operation. In a small-core single-mode fibre, such a coupling can lead to sharp increase in the wavelength dependent leakage loss near the resonant wavelength and can be utilized for the suppression of amplified spontaneous emission and thereby gain equalization of an optical amplifier. We study the propagation characteristics of the fibre using the transfer matrix method and present an example of each, the large-mode-area design for high power amplifiers and the wavelength tunable leakage loss design for inherent gain equalization of optical amplifiers.Comment: 6 page

How far can one send a photon?

The answer to the question {\it How far can one send a photon?} depends heavily on what one means by {\it a photon} and on what one intends to do with that photon. For direct quantum communication the limit is of about 500 km. For terrestrial quantum communication, near future technologies based on quantum teleportation and quantum memories will soon enable quantum repeaters that will turn the development of a world-wide-quantum-web (WWQW) into a (highly non-trivial) engineering problem. For Device Independent Quantum Information Processing, near future qubit amplifiers (i.e. probabilistic heralded amplification of the probability amplitude of presence of photonic qubits) will soon allow demonstrations over a few tens of km.Comment: Proceedings of QCMC 2014, Hefei. 6 pages Correction of an annoying typ