Epigenomic views of innate lymphoid cells

The discovery of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) with selective production of cytokines typically attributed to subsets of T helper cells forces immunologists to reassess the mechanisms by which selective effector functions arise. The parallelism between ILCs and T cells extends beyond these two cell types and comprises other innate-like T lymphocytes. Beyond the recognition of specialized effector functionalities in diverse lymphocytes, features typical of T cells, such as plasticity and memory, are also relevant for innate lymphocytes. Herein, we review what we have learned in terms of the molecular mechanisms underlying these shared functions, focusing on insights provided by next generation sequencing technologies. We review data on the role of lineage-defining- and signal-dependent transcription factors (TFs). ILC regulomes emerge developmentally whereas the much of the open chromatin regions of T cells are generated acutely, in an activation-dependent manner. And yet, these regions of open chromatin in T cells and ILCs have remarkable overlaps, suggesting that though accessibility is acquired by distinct modes, the end result is that convergent signaling pathways may be involved. Although much is left to be learned, substantial progress has been made in understanding how TFs and epigenomic status contribute to ILC biology in terms of differentiation, specification, and plasticity

Study of X-ray emission from the old open cluster, M67

We present an X-ray analysis of a 4 Gyr old open cluster, M67, using archival XMM-Newton data. The aim of this study was to find new X-ray members of M67, and to use the updated member list for studying X-ray variability, and derive the X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) of different stellar types and compare them with other star clusters of similar age. We report the detection of X-ray emission from 25 members of M67, with membership based primarily on their proper motion, of which one X-ray source is a new member. Supplementing this study with previous ROSAT and Chandra studies of M67, and using the most recent proper motion study by Vereshchagin et al., we have compiled a revised list of X-ray emitting members of M67 consisting of 43 stars. Sixteen of these are known RS CVn type binaries having orbital periods $<$ 10 days, and near-circular orbits, 5 are contact binaries with orbital periods $<$ 6 hours, 5 are yellow and blue stragglers, 2 are Algol-type binaries, and one source is a cataclysmic variable. Fourteen members do not have any orbital information and cannot be classified. Fourteen of the X-ray sources detected do not have any optical counterpart down to a magnitude of $V\simeq22$, and their membership is uncertain. Finally, we report the X-ray luminosity functions of RS CVn type and other types of stars in M67 and compare them with other open clusters of intermediate-to-old age.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Object Oriented Database Management Systems: Architecture and Application

The advent of multimedia computing, the World Wide Web, and objectoriented application languages has caused the proliferation of complex data types that must be managed differently from traditional character or numeric data types. Relational DBMS (RDBMS) can be modified with data extenders to support these complex new data types. Object DBMS (OODBMS), however, are designed specifically for these data types, and manipulate them with far greater efficiency. OODBMS perform direct navigation, clustering, schema evolution, and other functions that RDBMS cannot match. Adoption of common interoperable standards will facilitate the move towards open systems for heterogeneous, distributed platforms

Analisis Ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (Rth) Berdasarkan Kebutuhan Oksigen (Studi Kasus : Kota Salatiga)

Green function in a green open space (RTH) cities as 'lungs' of the city, is one of the aspects of the functioning of recycling, the gas carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2). More than this, there are still a lot of open space functions including aesthetic functions that are useful as a source of public recreation, actively or passively, which is embodied in the system of green corridors as a means of controlling the spatial or land in a city green space system. In this study, using the High Resolution image from Google Earth recording June 5, 2012, Salatiga Land Use Map, Road Network Map, and River Network Map of Salatiga. In addition, we use non-spatial data such as population data, number of livestock, and the number of motor vehicles Salatiga. The method used was digitized on screen. The results of digitization is to facilitate the image interpretation, especially of green space and other oxygen-producing vegetation. RTH types examined in this fieldwork is the urban forest, green lanes, cemetery, river banks, protected areas and open space underneath Privat. Salatiga has 910,58 Ha of green open space which consists of 72,37 Ha of Forest City, the Green Line 4.09, 53,19 Ha Cemetery, River Border 259,51 Ha, 104,81 Ha protection area underneath, and 423,08 Ha RTH Private. In addition, this study also interpret non vegetation oxygen-producing green open space consisting of Dryland Agriculture area of 2779,43 hectares, 327,26 hectares of Plantation and Agricultural Wetlands 895,52 Ha.In this study, using the High Resolution image from Google Earth recording June 5, 2012, Salatiga Land Use Map, Road Network Map, and River Network Map of Salatiga. In addition, we use non-spatial data such as population data, number of livestock, and the number of motor vehicles Based on population, Salatiga city need green open space in wide 372,174 ha. So that when viewed from the RTH has wide 910,58 Ha has met. However, when viewed from oxygen needed, Salatiga require 3452,174 hectares of green open space. Thus, there is wide open space that have not met the needs oxygen. However, when coupled with non RTH vegetation producing oxygen, oxygen-wide into 4912,79 Ha. Thus, there has been widespread meet the minimum oxygen supply

Siamese recurrent neural networks for the robust classification of grid disturbances in transmission power systems considering unknown events

The automated identification and localisation of grid disturbances is a major research area and key technology for the monitoring and control of future power systems. Current recognition systems rely on sufficient training data and are very error-prone to disturbance events, which are unseen during training. This study introduces a robust Siamese recurrent neural network using attention-based embedding functions to simultaneously identify and locate disturbances from synchrophasor data. Additionally, a novel double-sigmoid classifier is introduced for reliable differentiation between known and unknown disturbance types and locations. Different models are evaluated within an open-set classification problem for a generic power transmission system considering different unknown disturbance events. A detailed analysis of the results is provided and classification results are compared with a state-of-the-art open-set classifier