7 research outputs found

    Mathematical Methods, Modelling and Applications

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    This volume deals with novel high-quality research results of a wide class of mathematical models with applications in engineering, nature, and social sciences. Analytical and numeric, deterministic and uncertain dimensions are treated. Complex and multidisciplinary models are treated, including novel techniques of obtaining observation data and pattern recognition. Among the examples of treated problems, we encounter problems in engineering, social sciences, physics, biology, and health sciences. The novelty arises with respect to the mathematical treatment of the problem. Mathematical models are built, some of them under a deterministic approach, and other ones taking into account the uncertainty of the data, deriving random models. Several resulting mathematical representations of the models are shown as equations and systems of equations of different types: difference equations, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, integral equations, and algebraic equations. Across the chapters of the book, a wide class of approaches can be found to solve the displayed mathematical models, from analytical to numeric techniques, such as finite difference schemes, finite volume methods, iteration schemes, and numerical integration methods

    Traveling Salesman Problem

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    This book is a collection of current research in the application of evolutionary algorithms and other optimal algorithms to solving the TSP problem. It brings together researchers with applications in Artificial Immune Systems, Genetic Algorithms, Neural Networks and Differential Evolution Algorithm. Hybrid systems, like Fuzzy Maps, Chaotic Maps and Parallelized TSP are also presented. Most importantly, this book presents both theoretical as well as practical applications of TSP, which will be a vital tool for researchers and graduate entry students in the field of applied Mathematics, Computing Science and Engineering

    Von Plattformen zu miRNA-Biomarkern : Methoden zur miRNA-Molekulardiagnostik

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    An obvious way to improve human healthcare is to develop new and more effective drugs. Another opportunity is however to develop solutions that allow to utilize the available drugs better. This includes more accurate and early diagnosis of pathologies, improved therapy selection as well as digital and patient centric solutions in healthcare systems. Especially in molecular diagnostics new biomarkers have been developed and partially shown promising results in terms of improving patient care. In this work I describe the development of respective platform techniques, biomarkers and computational solutions during my PhD thesis. First, I briefly introduce the concept of a flexible microarray platform and assays, such as the MPEA assay, tailored for the fast and efficient quantification of miRNA signatures. Then, I describe how we made use of respective platforms along with computational solutions to improve the understanding of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Further, I present results on my efforts to develop new molecular diagnostic biomarkers based on circulating miRNAs. Here, my special focus was in cancer (most importantly lung cancer) and diseases affecting the Central Nervous System (most importantly Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease). Together with the supervisors of my thesis I was among the first researchers worldwide to recognize that small non-coding RNAs (most importantly microRNAs) measured from body fluids have a great potential as biomarkers. An obvious advantage to messenger RNAs is the small length of the molecules of only 17-22 nucleotides. This makes microRNAs stable in vivo but also in vitro. Finally, I will mention recent developments in patient care. The current trend is clearly the digitalization of central parts of healthcare. This affects all stakeholders in the healthcare system, most importantly medical doctors and patients. Especially patient empowerment and self-containment of medical data is becoming more important. Again, Multiple Sclerosis is used as an example. But also for physicians, computational tools have to be implemented to support them in making treatment decisions from highly complex data. In sum, my thesis describes the road from developing a molecular diagnostic platform over the research on biomarkers for detecting disease in time towards holistic computational solutions to improve patient care.Es ist offensichtlich, dass man Krankheiten besser behandeln kann, wenn man neue und effektivere Medikamente und Therapien entwickelt. Eine andere Möglichkeit ist es, Lösungen zu entwickeln, die es erlauben, vorhandene Medikamente besser einzusetzen. Das schließt die frühzeitige Diagnose von Erkrankungen, eine verbesserte Wahl der richtigen Therapie und die Entwicklung von patienten-zentrischen digitalisierten Lösungen mit ein. Insbesondere in der Molekulardiagnostik wurden neue vielversprechende Biomarker entwickelt. In dieser Arbeit führe ich meine Beiträge zur Entwicklung von Plattform Technologien zum Messen von Biomarkern aus, erläutere die Erforschung von Biomarkern selbst und beschreibe die Anwendung der dazugehörigen, computergestützten Methoden. Beginnen möchte ich mit einer Beschreibung der Entwicklung einer flexiblen Mikroarray Plattform und Assays, wie zum Beispiel des MPEA Assays, die maßgeschneidert für die schnelle und effiziente Quantifizierung von miRNA Biomarkern sind. Dann gehe ich darauf ein, wie wir Plattformen, Assays und computergestützte Lösungen eingesetzt haben, um physiologische und pathologische Prozesse besser zu verstehen. Außerdem präsentiere ich Resultate meiner Bemühung, neue molekulardiagnostische Biomarker basierend auf zirkulierenden miRNA Mustern zu entwickeln. Hierbei habe ich mich auf Krebs (vornehmlich Lungentumore) und Erkrankungen, die das Zentrale Nervensystem betreffen (Multiple Sklerose und die Alzheimer Erkrankung), konzentriert. Gemeinsam mit meinen Betreuern war ich unter den ersten Forschern weltweit, die das große Potenzial kleiner nicht-kodierender RNAs (am wichtigsten dabei microRNAs), die aus Blut gemessen werden können, erkannt haben. Ein offensichtlicher Vorteil gegenüber mRNA Biomarkern ist die kurze Länge von nur 17-22 Nukleotiden. Diese macht miRNAs sowohl in-vivo als auch in-vitro stabil. Letztlich gehe ich in meiner Arbeit auf momentane Entwicklungen in der Patientenversorgung ein. Ein klarer Trend ist die Digitalisierung zentraler Teile der Gesundheitsversorgung. Das betrifft alle Personen im Gesundheitswesen, allen voran Mediziner und Patienten. Selbstbestimmung des Patienten wird besonders wichtig werden. Hier dient mir wieder Multiple Sklerose als ein Beispiel. Auch für Ärzte müssen, angesichts der immer komplexeren Daten, computergestützte Lösungen entwickelt werden, die ihnen helfen, die richtige Therapieentscheidung zu treffen. Zusammenfassend halte ich fest, dass meine Arbeit den Weg von der Entwicklung einer molekulardiagnostischen Plattform über die Entwicklung von Biomarkern zur Frühdiagnose von Erkrankungen bis hin zu ganzheitlichen computergestützten Lösungen, die die Patientenversorgung verbessern, beschreibt

    On-line Maximum Matching in Complete Multipartite Graphs with Implications to the Minimum ADM Problem on a Star Topology

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    Abstract. One of the basic problems in optical networks is assigning wavelengths to (namely, coloring of) a given set of lightpaths so as to minimize the number of ADM switches. In this paper we present a connection between maximum matching in complete multipartite graphs and ADM minimization in star networks. A tight 2/3 competitive ratio for finding a maximum matching implies a tight 10/9 competitive ratio for finding a coloring that minimizes the number of ADMs

    Clemson Newsletter, 1978-1979

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    Information for the faculty and staff of Clemson Universityhttps://tigerprints.clemson.edu/clemson_newsletter/1012/thumbnail.jp

    Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures

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    This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures, FOSSACS 2021, which was held during March 27 until April 1, 2021, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2021. The conference was planned to take place in Luxembourg and changed to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 28 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 88 submissions. They deal with research on theories and methods to support the analysis, integration, synthesis, transformation, and verification of programs and software systems
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