Diverse perceptions of smart spaces

This is the era of smart technology and of ‘smart’ as a meme, so we have run three workshops to examine the ‘smart’ meme and the exploitation of smart environments. The literature relating to smart spaces focuses primarily on technologies and their capabilities. Our three workshops demonstrated that we require a stronger user focus if we are advantageously to exploit spaces ascribed as smart: we examined the concept of smartness from a variety of perspectives, in collaboration with a broad range of contributors. We have prepared this monograph mainly to report on the third workshop, held at Bournemouth University in April 2012, but do also consider the lessons learned from all three. We conclude with a roadmap for a fourth (and final) workshop, which is intended to emphasise the overarching importance of the humans using the spac

Brand Communities in a World of Knowledge-based Products and Common Property

Brands have become an integral part of our culture. Consumers rely upon brand names as proxy for information about the products they purchase. They consider their own brand usage, not only in terms of product value, but also as a statement about themselves, their values, and their life choices. Studies of postmodern consumer culture have suggested that brands have emerged as a way for consumers to express their individuality and as a means for people to form groups with other like-minded consumers

A survey of cultural aspects in Human Computer Interaction Research

Considering culture in human computer interaction research is an important issue since culture has a strong impact on many cognitive and affective processes, closed related to the design and evaluation of interactive systems. Also, people with different cultural backgrounds develop alternative interpretations and strategies and do not value their environment in the same way, and this reflects in their interactions and satisfaction with interactive technologies. In this survey we summarize some concepts of the cultural aspects related to human computer interaction research. After we discuss how HCI practices could address these cultural issues. Our intention is to establish background and some basic concepts for helping researchers incorporating cultural issues in their design and evaluation processes

The digital skin of cities: urban theory and research in the age of the sensored and metered city, ubiquitous computing and big data

A ‘digital skin’ of the city is coming into being. This skin consists of a sensored and metered urban environment. The urban world is becoming a platform for generating data on the workings of human society, human interactions with the physical environment and manifold economic, political and social processes. The advent of the digital skin opens up many questions for urban theory and research, and many new issues for public and urban policy, which are explored in this article

Effect of Power Distance and Uncertainty Avoidance on Employees' Job Performance: Preliminary Findings

This study examines the relationship between corporate culture and employees' job performance in a multinational company operated in Malaysia. Malaysia is well-known as a culturally-diverse country in the world. Therefore, the selected multinational company needs to assess its internal cultures as workers from different ethnical backgrounds work together. The general objective of this study is to determine corporate culture's effect on job performance among the workers in the targeted multinational company. The selected cultural dimensions to study corporate culture were power distance and uncertainty avoidance, from a theory developed by Geert Hofstede. The research design adopted for the current study was a quantitative correlation design. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and distributed to the targeted respondents for obtaining primary data. IBM SPSS 25.0 was employed to analyse reliability analysis, frequency analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. This study identified that both power distance and uncertainty avoidance exert a significant and moderately positive effect on employees' job performance. Hence, the selected multinational company should be alert and keep an eye on enhancing and strengthening the two said dimensions since it gives impact on the workers' job performance

Ideological Misalignment in the Discourse(s) of Higher Education: Comparing University Mission Statements with Texts from Commercial Learning Analytics Providers

This study analyzes, interprets, and compares texts from different educational discourses. Using the Critical Discourse Analysis method, I reveal how texts from university mission statements and from commercial learning analytics providers communicate and construct different ideologies. To support this analysis, I explore literature strands related to public higher education in America and the emerging field of study and practice called learning analytics. Learning analytics is the administrative, research, and instructional use of large sets of digital data that are associated with and generated by students. The data in question may be generated by incidental online activity, and it may be correlated with a host of other data related to student demographics or academic performance. The intention behind educational data systems is to find ways to use data to “optimize” instructional materials and practices by tailoring them to perceived student needs and behaviors, and to trigger “interventions” ranging from warning messages to prescribed courses of study. The use of data in this way raises questions about how such practices relate to the goals and ideals of higher education, especially as these data systems employ similar theories and techniques as those used by corporate juggernauts such as Facebook and Google. Questions not only related to privacy and ownership but also related to how learning, education, and the purpose of higher education are characterized, discussed, and defined in various discourses are explored in this study

A comparative assessment of human factors in cybersecurity: Implications for cyber governance

This paper provides an extensive overview of cybersecurity awareness in the young, educated, and technology-savvy population of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), compared to the United States of America (USA) for advancing the scholarship and practice of global cyber governance. We conducted comparative empirical studies to identify differences in specific human factors that affect cybersecurity behaviour in the UAE and the USA. In addition, we employed several control variables to observe reliable results. We used Hofstede’s theoretical framework on culture to advance our investigation. The results show that the targeted population in the UAE exhibits contrasting interpretations of cybersecurity awareness of critical human factors as compared to their counterparts from the USA. We identify possible explanations for this relatively different behaviour in the UAE population. Our key contributions are to provide valuable information for cybersecurity policymakers in the UAE and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region to further enhance cyber safety, governance, awareness, and trust among citizens

From users to citizens: Some thoughts on designing for polity and civics

This paper presents an essay aimed at prompting broad discussion crucial in keeping the interaction design discourse fresh, critical, and in motion. We trace the changing role of people who have advanced from consumers to producers, from stationary office workers to mobile urban nomads, from passive members of the plebs to active instigators of change. Yet, interaction designers often still refer to them only as ‘users.’ We follow some of the historic developments from the information superhighway to the smart city in order to provide the backdrop in front of which we critically analyse three core areas. First, the issue of echo chambers and filter bubbles in social media results in a political polarisation that jeopardises the formation of a functioning public sphere. Second, pretty lights and colourful façades in media architecture are increasingly making way for situated installations and interventions fostering community engagement. And third, civic activism is often reduced to forms of slacktivism. We synthesise our discussion to propose ‘citizen-ability’ as an alternative goal for interaction designers to aspire to in order to create new polities and civics for a better quality of life