Proceedings of the XXVIIIth TELEMAC User Conference 18-19 October 2022

Hydrodynamic

THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES IN HYDROLOGY

REMOTE SENSING, which may be simplistically defined as ’the collection and interpretation of emitted or reflected radiation from a body’, offers the potential for accurate interpolation of surface data and even for its direct measurement on scales ranging from local to world wide. This dissertation has been written primarily for the hydrologist, engineer, environmentalist or student who needs to measure changes either in space or time of hydrological variables such as water quality, but who has little practical knowledge of remote sensing or how it may be of assistance to him. It may be regarded as a reference document which, as a result of internal cross referencing and comprehensive external subject referencing, should enable the reader to acquire a background knowledge of remote sensing theory which is relevant to his interests, to understand the advantages and difficulties of applying remote sensing techniques to his measurement problem and to obtain further information about remote sensing applications which have already been undertaken within his field of interest. The dissertation centres on the hydrological situation in England and Wales by initially outlining the structure of their water industries. The main hydrological measurement objectives in terms of water resources, water supply, effluent disposal and flood prediction and warning are identified and some advantages of incorporating remote sensing into hydrological measurement programmes are suggested. The physical theory of remote sensing is described and the main methods of collecting and analysing remotely sensed data are given. A topic by topic analysis of the most suitable ways of tackling specific hydrological measurement problems through the use of remote sensing is made and the dissertation concludes with an assessment of the likely future use of remote sensing in hydrological measurement programmes in genera

New Global Perspectives on Archaeological Prospection

This volume is a product of the 13th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection 2019, which was hosted by the Department of Environmental Science in the Faculty of Science at the Institute of Technology Sligo. The conference is held every two years under the banner of the International Society for Archaeological Prospection and this was the first time that the conference was held in Ireland. New Global Perspectives on Archaeological Prospection draws together over 90 papers addressing archaeological prospection techniques, methodologies and case studies from 33 countries across Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America, reflecting current and global trends in archaeological prospection. At this particular ICAP meeting, specific consideration was given to the development and use of archaeological prospection in Ireland, archaeological feedback for the prospector, applications of prospection technology in the urban environment and the use of legacy data. Papers include novel research areas such as magnetometry near the equator, drone-mounted radar, microgravity assessment of tombs, marine electrical resistivity tomography, convolutional neural networks, data processing, automated interpretive workflows and modelling as well as recent improvements in remote sensing, multispectral imaging and visualisation

Earth resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes (issue 47)

This bibliography lists 524 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between July 1 and September 30, 1985. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economical analysis

Science-based restoration monitoring of coastal habitats, Volume Two: Tools for monitoring coastal habitats

Healthy coastal habitats are not only important ecologically; they also support healthy coastal communities and improve the quality of people’s lives. Despite their many benefits and values, coastal habitats have been systematically modified, degraded, and destroyed throughout the United States and its protectorates beginning with European colonization in the 1600’s (Dahl 1990). As a result, many coastal habitats around the United States are in desperate need of restoration. The monitoring of restoration projects, the focus of this document, is necessary to ensure that restoration efforts are successful, to further the science, and to increase the efficiency of future restoration efforts

Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes

This bibliography lists 623 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between April 1 and June 30, 1983. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis

The ecohydrology and conservation of a coastal sedimentary lake and wetland system: Sheskinmore Lough, Donegal, Ireland

Lowland, shallow, coastal lake systems often comprise a complex array of habitats and species as a consequence of their geomorphic evolution, in combination with marine and terrestrial forcing. But they are also vulnerable to changes in climate and human activities that both influence species assemblages, sediment dynamics, water quality and hydrology. Sheskinmore Lough, located on the west coast of Donegal, northwest Ireland comprises a shallow (<1.5m) freshwater sedimentary lake surrounded by a diverse array of coastal and freshwater wetland and dune habitats supporting a plethora of rare and endangered species. The lake-wetland-dune complex, designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives, is managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) who are concerned that declining water levels are driving negative impacts on protected flora and fauna; however their water management approach is reactionary, lacks an ecohydrological basis and is inherently unsustainable. The aim of this PhD is to inform conservation management strategies via multidisciplinary analysis of the ecohydrology of Sheskinmore Lough and its adjacent wetlands. The thesis examines the contemporary ecohydrology of the system, and reconstructs past environmental change using multiproxy paleolimnological techniques to ascertain the envelope of ecohydrological variability over different timescales. In addition, the research uses a distributed hydrological model to explore the impacts associated with climate change and hydrological management. The results reveal a lake and wetland system that has a complex contemporary ecohydrology set in a complicated coastal environment. Ecological analysis indicates an oligotrophic, circumneutral, shallow lake system, overlying a sedimentary complex dominated by peat and calcareous sandy substrates, fringed by a wetland system comprising fen and mire communities that also favour similar conditions. Hydrology was identified as a key factor influencing the distribution and composition of communities across the site. Operation of the sluice had the greatest impact, causing water levels to fluctuate rapidly (up to 1m in under 7 days) within the lake, with knock-on effects observed across a large part of the wetland system. Paleolimnological analyses revealed two important climatic and geomorphological shifts defining three key phases in the recent environmental and ecohydrological history of the site. First, a change occurred in the mid to late 1500s AD from a drier, sandy environment when the lake was primarily a riverine system, to one that was wetter and dominated by peat and ree dbe ds. The second transition occurred c.1800 AD when the climate became more turbulent, prompting the development of a lake-wetland system. Finally, modelling projections indicate the lake and wetland system are likely to experience increasing impacts in the future due to a more variable climate and lake water levels fluctuating more as a result. Ultimately, hydrological management coupled with climate change presents the greatest potential ecological threat to Sheskinmore Lough. This thesis therefore provides a series of conservation recommendations to enhance the preservation of similar freshwater systems, while the knowledge gained contributes significantly to the understanding of shallow aquatic ecohydrology

Flood Risk and Resilience

Flooding is widely recognized as a global threat, due to the extent and magnitude of damage it causes around the world each year. Reducing flood risk and improving flood resilience are two closely related aspects of flood management. This book presents the latest advances in flood risk and resilience management on the following themes: hazard and risk analysis, flood behaviour analysis, assessment frameworks and metrics and intervention strategies. It can help the reader to understand the current challenges in flood management and the development of sustainable flood management interventions to reduce the social, economic and environmental consequences from flooding

Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography, issue 28

This bibliography lists 436 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between October 1, 1980 and December 31, 1980. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis