Supporting Development in Ghana: The Role of Foundations

Foundation funding focused on Ghana over the past decade has encompassed all aspects of the global development agenda and beyond. Among foundations whose grants are tracked by Foundation Center, their giving focused on Ghana totaled $499 million between 2002 and 2012. While few foundations intentionally aligned their grantmaking priorities with the MDGs, over half of grants (54 percent) made by the 151 foundations included in this analysis and most of their grant dollars (79 percent or$394 million) supported activities consistent with at least one of the eight MDGs

Japanese Aid as a Prerequisite for FDI : The Case of Southeast Asian Countries

This study investigates the nexus between Japans official development assistance and foreign direct investment inflows in Southeast Asian countries. An analysis of the geographical and sectoral decomposition of aid flows reveals that assistance programs were mainly allocated in the form of loans for economic infrastructure projects. This orientation attests that the needs of the recipient country are taken into account but also reveals that it is in keeping with a return on investment. Conditional logit analysis shows that Japanese aid flows did have a significant positive impact on private investors location choice even though other profit-maximising factors such as agglomeration effects or the quality of infrastructure had a leading spill-over effect. In a context of growing scarcity of aid funding, the study concludes by asserting the importance of a complementary process in which foreign aid is directed towards the development of infrastructure, acting as a pre-requisite for future direct investments. Finally, Japan providing an interesting case study, we will stress the need for a better cooperation between the public and private sectors in development assistance programs.Japan, official development assistance, Aid, investment, Infrastructure

The Globalization of American Philanthropy

This paper analyses the globalization of American philanthropy in order to uncover significant trends in cross-border flows of financial and other assistance between the U.S. and other countries and to suggest ways in which such assistance might be larger and more helpful in the future

Britain welcomes the world: Dressing up London

Copyright @ 2013 Routledgehttps://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/dressing-london-ozlem-edizel-graeme-evans-hua-dong/e/10.4324/9780203126486-9?context=ubx&refId=546b057b-44c2-4d37-91ac-982df6ff2fa

Group size, Grooming and Social Cohesion in Primates

Most primates live in social groups in which affiliative bonds exist between individuals. Because these bonds need to be maintained through social interactions (grooming in most primates), sociality will be limited by time constraints. It has previously been shown that the time primates invest in grooming increases with group size. However, when groups become too large, individuals will not have enough time available to service all possible social relationships and group cohesion is expected to decrease. In this study, we used data from previously published studies to determine how large groups compromise on their grooming time and how ecological, phylogenetic and life history variables affect time invested in grooming (across species as well as within taxa). We used path analysis to analyse direct and indirect (via group size) effects on grooming. We showed that not only is grooming time determined by group size, but it is also affected by dispersal patterns and sex ratio. Furthermore, we found that grooming time is asymptotic when group size exceeds 40 individuals, indicating that time constraints resulting from ecological pressure force individuals to compromise on their grooming time. This was true across species, but a similar effect was also found within taxa. Cognitive constraints and predation pressure strongly affect group sizes and thereby have an indirect effect on primate grooming time. Primates that were found to live in groups larger than predicted by their neocortex size usually suffered from greater predation risk. However, most populations in our analysis were placed well within what we define as their eco-cognitive niche. © 2007 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour

Reducing the Cost of Technical and Vocational Education

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Promoting Girls' Education in Africa - The Design and Implementation of Policy Interventions

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,