A Scalable Edge-Centric System Design for Camera Networks to aid Situation Awareness Applications

The ubiquity of cameras in our environment coupled with advances in computer vision and machine learning has enabled several novel applications combining sensing, processing, and actuation. Often referred to as situation awareness applications, they span a variety of domains including safety (e.g., surveillance), retail (e.g., drone delivery), and transportation (e.g., assisted/autonomous driving). There is a perfect storm of technology enablers that have come together making it a ripe time for realizing a smart camera system at the edge of the network to aid situation awareness applications. There are two types of smart camera systems, live processing at ingestion time and post-mortem video analysis. Live processing features a more timely response when the queries are known ahead of time. At the same time, post-mortem analysis fits the exploratory analysis where the queries (or the parameters of queries) are not known in advance. Various situation awareness applications can benefit from either type of the smart camera system or even both. There is prior art which are mostly standalone techniques to facilitate camera processing. For example, efficient live camera processing frameworks feature the partition of the video analysis tasks and the placement of these tasks across Edge and Cloud. Databases for building efficient query processing systems on archived videos feature modern techniques (e.g., filters) for accelerating video analytics. This dissertation research has been looking into both types of smart camera systems (i.e., live processing at ingestion time and postmortem exploratory video analysis) for various situation awareness applications. Precisely, this dissertation seeks to fill the void left by prior art by asking these questions: 1. What are the necessary system components for a geo-distributed camera system and how best to architect them for scalability? 2. Given the limited resource capacity of the edge, how best to orchestrate the resources for live camera processing at video ingestion time? 3. How best to leverage traditional database management optimization techniques for post-mortem video analysis? To aid various situation awareness applications, this dissertation proposes a “Scalable-by-Design” approach to designing edge-centric systems for camera networks, efficient resource orchestration for live camera processing at ingestion time, and a postmortem video engine featuring reuse for exploratory video analytics in a scalable edge-centric system for camera networks.Ph.D

Klasifikasi Arritmia pada Sinyal EKG menggunakan Deep Neural Network

Abstrak Penelitian yang dikembangkan saat ini memfokuskan klasifikasi sinyal Electrokardiogram (EKG) pada gangguan arritmia detak jantung. Monitoring ini bertujuan agar dapat menjadi penanganan dini terhadap berbagai jenis gangguan arritmia. Klasifikasi yang diajukan dapat mengklasifikasi 9 jenis gangguan arritmia dengan menggunakan metode Deep Neural Network (DNN). Teknik preprosessing data pada sinyal EKG sebelum proses klasifikasi, yaitu segmentasi, normalisasi menggunakan normalize bound, dan fitur extraction dengan menggunakan autoencoder. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode yang digunakan mendapatkan nilai akurasi yang sangat baik sebesar 99.62% dan sensitivity about 97.18%. Kata kunci—EKG, Arritmia, Klasifikasi, Deep Neural Network  Abstract The research developed today focuses the classification of Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals on heart rate arritmia disorders. This monitoring aims to be an early treatment of various types of arritmia disorders. Using the Deep Neural Network (DNN) process, the proposed classification will identify 9 kinds of arrhythmia disorders. Preprocessing of the ECG signal data technique before the classification process, namely segmentation, normalization using bound normalization, and autoencoder extraction function. Results showed that the system used gained an outstanding 99.62 percent precision value and about 97.18 percent sensitivity. Kata kunci—ECG, Arrhytmia, Classifikation, Deep Neural Networ

A comparison of statistical machine learning methods in heartbeat detection and classification

In health care, patients with heart problems require quick responsiveness in a clinical setting or in the operating theatre. Towards that end, automated classification of heartbeats is vital as some heartbeat irregularities are time consuming to detect. Therefore, analysis of electro-cardiogram (ECG) signals is an active area of research. The methods proposed in the literature depend on the structure of a heartbeat cycle. In this paper, we use interval and amplitude based features together with a few samples from the ECG signal as a feature vector. We studied a variety of classification algorithms focused especially on a type of arrhythmia known as the ventricular ectopic fibrillation (VEB). We compare the performance of the classifiers against algorithms proposed in the literature and make recommendations regarding features, sampling rate, and choice of the classifier to apply in a real-time clinical setting. The extensive study is based on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Our main contribution is the evaluation of existing classifiers over a range sampling rates, recommendation of a detection methodology to employ in a practical setting, and extend the notion of a mixture of experts to a larger class of algorithms