73,471 research outputs found
New Trends in Quantum Computing
Classical and quantum information are very different. Together they can
perform feats that neither could achieve alone, such as quantum computing,
quantum cryptography and quantum teleportation. Some of the applications range
from helping to preventing spies from reading private communications. Among the
tools that will facilitate their implementation, we note quantum purification
and quantum error correction. Although some of these ideas are still beyond the
grasp of current technology, quantum cryptography has been implemented and the
prospects are encouraging for small-scale prototypes of quantum computation
devices before the end of the millennium.Comment: 8 pages. Presented at the 13th Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of
Computer Science, Grenoble, 22 February 1996. Will appear in the proceedings,
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag. Standard LaTeX. Requires
llncs.sty (included
Unitary reflection groups for quantum fault tolerance
This paper explores the representation of quantum computing in terms of
unitary reflections (unitary transformations that leave invariant a hyperplane
of a vector space). The symmetries of qubit systems are found to be supported
by Euclidean real reflections (i.e., Coxeter groups) or by specific imprimitive
reflection groups, introduced (but not named) in a recent paper [Planat M and
Jorrand Ph 2008, {\it J Phys A: Math Theor} {\bf 41}, 182001]. The
automorphisms of multiple qubit systems are found to relate to some Clifford
operations once the corresponding group of reflections is identified. For a
short list, one may point out the Coxeter systems of type and (for
single qubits), and (for two qubits), and (for three
qubits), the complex reflection groups and groups No 9 and 31 in
the Shephard-Todd list. The relevant fault tolerant subsets of the Clifford
groups (the Bell groups) are generated by the Hadamard gate, the phase
gate and an entangling (braid) gate [Kauffman L H and Lomonaco S J 2004 {\it
New J. of Phys.} {\bf 6}, 134]. Links to the topological view of quantum
computing, the lattice approach and the geometry of smooth cubic surfaces are
discussed.Comment: new version for the Journal of Computational and Theoretical
Nanoscience, focused on "Technology Trends and Theory of Nanoscale Devices
for Quantum Applications
The Emerging Commercial Landscape of Quantum Computing
Quantum computing technologies are advancing, and the class of addressable problems is expanding. Together with the emergence of new ventures and government-sponsored partnerships, these trends will help to lower the barrier for adoption of new technology and provide stability in an uncertain market. Until then, quantum computing presents an exciting testbed for different strategies in an emerging market
Modern computing: vision and challenges
Over the past six decades, the computing systems field has experienced significant transformations, profoundly impacting society with transformational developments, such as the Internet and the commodification of computing. Underpinned by technological advancements, computer systems, far from being static, have been continuously evolving and adapting to cover multifaceted societal niches. This has led to new paradigms such as cloud, fog, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), which offer fresh economic and creative opportunities. Nevertheless, this rapid change poses complex research challenges, especially in maximizing potential and enhancing functionality. As such, to maintain an economical level of performance that meets ever-tighter requirements, one must understand the drivers of new model emergence and expansion, and how contemporary challenges differ from past ones. To that end, this article investigates and assesses the factors influencing the evolution of computing systems, covering established systems and architectures as well as newer developments, such as serverless computing, quantum computing, and on-device AI on edge devices. Trends emerge when one traces technological trajectory, which includes the rapid obsolescence of frameworks due to business and technical constraints, a move towards specialized systems and models, and varying approaches to centralized and decentralized control. This comprehensive review of modern computing systems looks ahead to the future of research in the field, highlighting key challenges and emerging trends, and underscoring their importance in cost-effectively driving technological progress
Advances in Grid Computing
This book approaches the grid computing with a perspective on the latest achievements in the field, providing an insight into the current research trends and advances, and presenting a large range of innovative research papers. The topics covered in this book include resource and data management, grid architectures and development, and grid-enabled applications. New ideas employing heuristic methods from swarm intelligence or genetic algorithm and quantum encryption are considered in order to explain two main aspects of grid computing: resource management and data management. The book addresses also some aspects of grid computing that regard architecture and development, and includes a diverse range of applications for grid computing, including possible human grid computing system, simulation of the fusion reaction, ubiquitous healthcare service provisioning and complex water systems
Modern computing: Vision and challenges
Over the past six decades, the computing systems field has experienced significant transformations, profoundly impacting society with transformational developments, such as the Internet and the commodification of computing. Underpinned by technological advancements, computer systems, far from being static, have been continuously evolving and adapting to cover multifaceted societal niches. This has led to new paradigms such as cloud, fog, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), which offer fresh economic and creative opportunities. Nevertheless, this rapid change poses complex research challenges, especially in maximizing potential and enhancing functionality. As such, to maintain an economical level of performance that meets ever-tighter requirements, one must understand the drivers of new model emergence and expansion, and how contemporary challenges differ from past ones. To that end, this article investigates and assesses the factors influencing the evolution of computing systems, covering established systems and architectures as well as newer developments, such as serverless computing, quantum computing, and on-device AI on edge devices. Trends emerge when one traces technological trajectory, which includes the rapid obsolescence of frameworks due to business and technical constraints, a move towards specialized systems and models, and varying approaches to centralized and decentralized control. This comprehensive review of modern computing systems looks ahead to the future of research in the field, highlighting key challenges and emerging trends, and underscoring their importance in cost-effectively driving technological progress
Practical cryptographic strategies in the post-quantum era
We review new frontiers in information security technologies in
communications and distributed storage technologies with the use of classical,
quantum, hybrid classical-quantum, and post-quantum cryptography. We analyze
the current state-of-the-art, critical characteristics, development trends, and
limitations of these techniques for application in enterprise information
protection systems. An approach concerning the selection of practical
encryption technologies for enterprises with branched communication networks is
introduced.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; review pape
Limits on Fundamental Limits to Computation
An indispensable part of our lives, computing has also become essential to
industries and governments. Steady improvements in computer hardware have been
supported by periodic doubling of transistor densities in integrated circuits
over the last fifty years. Such Moore scaling now requires increasingly heroic
efforts, stimulating research in alternative hardware and stirring controversy.
To help evaluate emerging technologies and enrich our understanding of
integrated-circuit scaling, we review fundamental limits to computation: in
manufacturing, energy, physical space, design and verification effort, and
algorithms. To outline what is achievable in principle and in practice, we
recall how some limits were circumvented, compare loose and tight limits. We
also point out that engineering difficulties encountered by emerging
technologies may indicate yet-unknown limits.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
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