GeoXBRL: Integration Standard between Geographical and Business Data

Context: The usage of geographic data and geovisualization in financial auditing and analytics is increasing among auditors and accountants. Business information systems can process and analyze data through geographic approaches (e.g. financial insight on a virtual geographic map). Although many business information systems have been developed considering geographic data as one of data sources, there is no a standard for modeling both kind of data together (i.e. business and geographical). Conversely, it is also known that Geographic Markup Language (GML) and eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) are W3C technologies worldwide used for representing geographic and business data, respectively. Given this absence of standardization to represent geospatial data within business taxonomies, this paper proposes the GeoXBRL to fill this gap. This paper specifies an integration between geographic and business/financial data. For this, W3C technologies such as XLink, XML schema, GML and XBRL have been used to make the data structure of this integration. As an assessment, a XML-based representation and a Java-based web application have been developed on a real-world business taxonomy (available on US-SEC website). A comparison is shown between previous business data scenario and the new one proposed in this paper. Finally, this proposal allows to explain how to use the GeoXBRL. Some comparisons with current tools and technologies are shown in order to illustrate the GeoXBRL features and contributions

XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture

Recently the Internet with XML technologies and especially XBRL technology has impacted what is recognised as the financial reporting supply chain. Some claims in the market report that XBRL has the potential to reduce inefficiencies, automate and optimise the financial reporting supply chain. Nevertheless the real nature of the impact still remains unclear. The growing number of XBRL projects around the world together with strong interest from bodies such as the SEC in the United States, CEBS in the European Union and the IASB building XBRL taxonomies demonstrate the need for research in the area of XBRL application in the context of financial accounting and accounting information systems as well as in the financial reporting supply chain context. In order to answer the demand on the research in this area this research addresses financial reporting supply chain on the basis of financial accounting literature. With the introduction of information systems for enterprises, financial reporting was often discussed as a part of the AIS literature. Nevertheless the supply chain character and information systems context of financial reporting are rarely considered in the research literature in any theoretically constituent manner. This study examines the impact of XBRL on the financial reporting supply chain architecture. First goal of this thesis is to properly state and set the boundaries of financial reporting supply chain. In order to realise the goal modelling of financial reporting domain as financial reporting supply chain architecture is conducted. The second goal is to critically assess impact of XBRL on the modelled financial reporting supply chain architecture components. This assessment is conducted by enhancing financial reporting supply chain architecture with XBRL components thus modelling XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture. The secondary goal of the assessment is the construction of the reference model of XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture

Overview of XBRL technologies for decision making in accounting information systems

XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) is a language for the electronic communication of business and financial data in XML (Generalized Markup Language). This technology has benefits in the preparation, analysis and business data informing compared with other methods of paper basis or hoc technologies of previous EDI (Semantic Web). These advantages include cases such as cost reduction, greater efficiency and effectiveness, accuracy and reliability for all activities involved in supplying or using financial data. This article has an overview to XBRL technologies and how to employ them in decision-making in various financial areas and also considers the Semantic Web and Web Services as future challenges

Overview of XBRL technologies for decision making in accounting information systems

XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) is a language for the electronic communication of business and financial data in XML (Generalized Markup Language). This technology has benefits in the preparation, analysis and business data informing compared with other methods of paper basis or hoc technologies of previous EDI (Semantic Web). These advantages include cases such as cost reduction, greater efficiency and effectiveness, accuracy and reliability for all activities involved in supplying or using financial data. This article has an overview to XBRL technologies and how to employ them in decision-making in various financial areas and also considers the Semantic Web and Web Services as future challenges

Development of the BIRD: a metadata modelling approach for the purpose of harmonising supervisory reporting at the European Central Bank - Directorate of general statistics: master and metadata

Internship Report presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Statistics and Information Management, specialization in Information Analysis and ManagementThe work presented is a report documenting the work completed during an Internship at the European Central Bank (ECB), located in Frankfurt Germany from the 15th March 2019 – 15th March 2020. The internship took place in the Directorate of General Statistics (DG-S), specifically in the Master and Metadata section of the Analytical Credit and Master data division (MAM). It will be a continuation of the ECB Internal Banks’ Integrated Reporting Dictionary (BIRD) project as well as management of ECB’s centralised metadata repository, known as the Single Data Dictionary (SDD). The purpose of the dictionary and BIRD Project is to provide the banks with a harmonized data model that describes precisely the data that should be extracted from the banks' internal IT systems to derive reports demanded by supervisory authorities, like the ECB. In this report, I will provide a basis for understanding the work undertaken in the team, focussing of the technical aspect of relational database modelling and metadata repositories and their role in big data analytical processing systems, current reporting requirements and methods used by the central banking institutions, which coincide with the processes set out by the European Banking Authority (EBA). This report will also provide an in-depth look into the structure of the database, as well as the principles followed to create the data model. It will also document the process of how the SDD is maintained and updated to meet changing needs. The report also includes the process undertaken by the BIRD team and supporting members on the banking community to introduce new reporting frameworks into the data model. During this period, the framework for the Financial Reporting (FinRep) standards was included, through a collaborative effort between banking representatives and the master and metadata team

The role of presentation format on decision-makers' behaviour in accounting

The recent increase in researching presentation format area is resulting in an increase in awareness of the importance of presentation format on decision-makers' behaviour. This paper presents a synthesis of prior research on presentation format in the accounting literature which could be used as bases and references for future research. It reviews and evaluates existing accounting literature that examines the linkages of presentation format on decision-makers behaviour. Finally, future research opportunities in this area are made

Overview of XBRL technologies for decision making in accounting information systems

XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) is a language for the electronic communication of business and financial data in XML (Generalized Markup Language). This technology has benefits in the preparation, analysis and business data informing compared with other methods of paper basis or hoc technologies of previous EDI (Semantic Web). These advantages include cases such as cost reduction, greater efficiency and effectiveness, accuracy and reliability for all activities involved in supplying or using financial data. This article has an overview to XBRL technologies and how to employ them in decision-making in various financial areas and also considers the Semantic Web and Web Services as future challenges

User Defined Accounting Model

At the heart of the free market system is the ability of the “Market” to determine what goods and services need to be produced and the appropriate allocation of resources to produce them in the most efficient and effective manner.  Many believe that the current financial reporting model has not facilitated the achievement of this goal as fully as possible.  A few ruling bodies have determined what information that is reported to investors and perhaps it is time to change this model and allow the market (individual users) to determine what financial information is most appropriate for investors, creditors and other external decision makers.  With the improvements in technology, society may be able to create a User Defined Accounting Model (UDAM) that will allow investors to make better informed decisions in a timelier manner.  The current financial reporting model, GAAP, requires companies to report information in one format which contains highly aggregated information that does not adequately address the predictive value of the information.  Some users may believe that market value or replacement cost may be a more useful measure of the company's future value than historical cost.  The current system aggregates the information at the firm level using primarily historical cost and then only forwards the results of this aggregation to users.  An improvement would be to allow users to determine which measure they would like to employ.  This paper proposes a model that allows users to access the primary measures instead of obtaining only aggregated, secondary data, and to compile financial statements in any format they desire