Multi-management schemes for MAF platforms

Due to the crescent complexity of networks and systems, network management solutions are being pushed towards more distributed and cooperative models. Several specifications promoted by the IETF DISMAN charter already allow strong distribution of management tasks. Unfortunately, they are not adequate to achieve cooperative models. According to recent research, mobile agents provide a good platform to back cooperative models but several lacks are still identified - interoperability between different platforms and SNMP integration. Based on Mobile Agent Facility specification from the OMG, we propose a MIB to better integrate mobile agent models into SNMP frameworks and a GUI tool to monitor and control mobile agents platforms

A mobile agent manager

Friendliness on user interfaces has been mostly forgot in mobile agent research. In fact the multitude of problems that have to be solved have left this more "simple" piece of the package out of target. However, the success of technology comes also from this important layer in the product development. This paper describes an application that integrates monitoring data from the mobile agents environment, process and presents information in different ways according to different user requirements and allows the user to remotely control mobile agents entities

The ‘Urbanforest’ and ‘Green space’ Classification Model in the Spatial Arrangement of Registro-SP, Brazil

The necessity of handling green areas relating to urban settings has become one of the vital environmental challenges in view of several accumulated environmental problems in the last few decades. In United States and Canada, many investments are being made for new techniques and instruments that are needed in environmental planning involving urban forest researches both in the local and national scale. However, there are few reports on urban forest classification connecting spatial characteristics, physical structures involving pattern and process. With the objective to classify urban green areas for integrated approach, this research have focused on urban pattern for an effective understanding of urban forest concept, green areas and urban vegetation types. The urban morphology in consistency with the urban forest Focus Chat (FC) recently designed has been applied to characterize spatial categories of urban vegetation involved in the urban arrangement of Registro-SP. Method has integrated zones, patterns and processes for technical analyses to contemplate the urban dynamics, occupation and land use. Categories of urban forest and vegetation types were derived for the urban planning and system management. The resulting pattern can be technically monitored in the use of suitable GIS (Geographical Information System) software for physical and environmental records.

Transitioning From the MDGs to the SDGs

This UNDP-World Bank Report pulls together the main lessons learned from the MDG Reviews for the UN system and for its engagement at the country level, which took place at the UN System Chief Executives Board for Coordination (CEB). The Reviews, which brought together UN and World Bank Group staff, systematically identified the country situation, the bottlenecks to MDG attainment, and potential solutions to be implemented. Since many MDGs have been absorbed into the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), many of the observations and solutions provided could prove useful to the implementation of the SDGs.Sixteen countries from across the world and the subregion of the Pacific Island countries took part in the CEB reviews, addressing several different MDGs.These strongly advocated for cross-sectoral and cross-institutional thinking within the UN system to accelerate progress on off-track MDG targets. Bottleneck analysis, proposed under the MDG Acceleration Framework (MAF), helped UN system organizations fully appreciate that investing in solutions within a particular sector may be necessary, but not sufficient to gain enough momentum to meet a particular target.The CEB reviews showed that significant gains were possible when agencies came together to support an acceleration goal. Country teams improved the alignment and coherence of UN system activities on the ground, bridged sectoral silos while still valuing the specialized expertise of individual agencies, and more effectively advocated with governments and other partners. High-level coordination between UN country teams and World Bank country offices was repeatedly recognized as an accomplishment.Three main conclusions clearly apply to the transition from the MDGs to the 2030 Agenda:Support cross-institutional collaboration between the UN system and the World Bank;Advance better understanding of cross-sectoral work, and the interrelatedness of goals and targets; andPromote global and high-level advocacy

A Hybrid Adaptive Routing Algorithm for Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks

Routing is a basic function in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). For these networks, routing algorithms depend on the characteristics of the applications and, consequently, there is no self-contained algorithm suitable for every case. In some scenarios, the network behavior (traffic load) may vary a lot, such as an event-driven application, favoring different algorithms at different instants. This work presents a hybrid and adaptive algorithm for routing in WSNs, called Multi-MAF, that adapts its behavior autonomously in response to the variation of network conditions. In particular, the proposed algorithm applies both reactive and proactive strategies for routing infrastructure creation, and uses an event-detection estimation model to change between the strategies and save energy. To show the advantages of the proposed approach, it is evaluated through simulations. Comparisons with independent reactive and proactive algorithms show improvements on energy consumption

Incentive-Based Instruments for Water Management

This report provides a synthesis review of a set of incentive-based instruments that have been employed to varying degrees around the world. It is part of an effort by The Rockefeller Foundation to improve understanding of both the potential of these instruments and their limitations. The report is divided into five sections. Section 1 provides an introduction to the synthesis review. Section 2 describes the research methodology. Section 3 provides background on policy instruments and detail on three incentive-based instruments -- water trading, payment for ecosystem services, and water quality trading -- describing the application of each, including their environmental, economic, and social performances, and the conditions needed for their implementation. Section 4 highlights the role of the private sector in implementing these instruments, and Section 5 provides a summary and conclusions