An agent-based infrastructure for energy profile capture and management

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Models and Methods for Network Selection and Balancing in Heterogeneous Scenarios

The outbreak of 5G technologies for wireless communications can be considered a response to the need for widespread coverage, in terms of connectivity and bandwidth, to guarantee broadband services, such as streaming or on-demand programs offered by the main television networks or new generation services based on augmented and virtual reality (AR / VR). The purpose of the study conducted for this thesis aims to solve two of the main problems that will occur with the outbreak of 5G, that is, the search for the best possible connectivity, in order to offer users the resources necessary to take advantage of the new generation services, and multicast as required by the eMBMS. The aim of the thesis is the search for innovative algorithms that will allow to obtain the best connectivity to offer users the resources necessary to use the 5G services in a heterogeneous scenario. Study UF that allows you to improve the search for the best candidate network and to achieve a balance that allows you to avoid congestion of the chosen networks. To achieve these two important focuses, I conducted a study on the main mathematical methods that made it possible to select the network based on QoS parameters based on the type of traffic made by users. A further goal was to improve the computational computation performance they present. Furthermore, I carried out a study in order to obtain an innovative algorithm that would allow the management of multicast. The algorithm that has been implemented responds to the needs present in the eMBMS, in realistic scenarios

Transitioning to Affordable and Clean Energy

Transitioning to Affordable and Clean Energy is a collective volume which combines original contributions and review papers that address the question how the transition to clean and affordable energy can be governed. It will cover both general analyses of the governance of transition, including policy instruments, comparative studies of countries or policies, and papers setting out scientifically sound visions of a clean and just energy system. In particular, the following aspects are foregrounded: • Governing the supply and demand side transformation • Geographical and cultural differences and their consequences for the governance of energy transitions • Sustainability and justice related to energy transitions (e.g., approaches for addressing energy poverty) Transitioning to Affordable and Clean Energy is part of MDPI's new Open Access book series Transitioning to Sustainability. With this series, MDPI pursues environmentally and socially relevant research which contributes to efforts toward a sustainable world. Transitioning to Sustainability aims to add to the conversation about regional and global sustainable development according to the 17 SDGs. The book series is intended to reach beyond disciplinary, even academic boundaries

Energy Management Systems for Optimal Operation of Electrical Micro/Nanogrids

Energy management systems (EMSs) are nowadays considered one of the most relevant technical solutions for enhancing the efficiency, reliability, and economy of smart micro/nanogrids, both in terrestrial and vehicular applications. For this reason, the recent technical literature includes numerous technical contributions on EMSs for residential/commercial/vehicular micro/nanogrids that encompass renewable generators and battery storage systems (BSS) The volume “Energy Management Systems for Optimal Operation of Electrical Micro/Nanogrids”, was released as a Special Issue of the journal Energies, published by MDPI, with the aim of expanding the knowledge on EMSs for the optimal operation of electrical micro/nanogrids by presenting topical and high-quality research papers that address open issues in the identified technical field. The volume is a collection of seven research papers authored by research teams from several countries, where different hot topics are accurately explored. The reader will have the possibility to benefit from original scientific results concerning, in particular, the following key topics: distribution systems; smart home/building; battery energy storage; demand uncertainty; energy forecasting; model predictive control; real-time control, microgrid planning; and electrical vehicles

Analysis of Power Quality Constrained Consumer-Friendly Demand Response in Low Voltage Distributions Network

Load management using demand response (DR) in a low voltage distribution network (LVDN) offers an economically profitable business platform with peak load management. However, the inconvenience caused to the consumer in depriving their devices and the low levels of associated incentive have contributed to lower consumer acceptance for DR programs in the community. However, with the increasing number of controllable consumer loads, a residential-level DR program is highly plausible in the short to medium term. Further, additional DR capabilities (including ancillary services) are likely to improve the remuneration potential for participants in DR. Considering the perspective of a distribution network operator (DNO), any service useful for maintaining the stable and secure operation of an LVDN will always be appreciated. Thus, in addition to DR\u27s peak load management potential, any further contribution in maintaining power quality (PQ) in the network considered as an ancillary service to DNO will create a profitable business opportunity. Firstly, primary PQ management tasks in an LVDN are maintaining voltage profile and reducing harmonics. With the advancement in the consumer electronics market, increased penetration of nonlinear low carbon technologies (LCTs) based loads at the consumer-side, will increases the harmonic content in the LVDN. While consumer devices may have non-threatening levels of harmonic components, they can still cause issues by accumulating at the main feeder when the additive nature of harmonics are considered. Further, and in respect to harmonics, total harmonic distortion (THD), as a universal indicator, may not be a deterministic measure of the impact of harmonics due to THD’s dependency on the magnitude of fundamental current. Moving to the voltage issue, in an electrical network, it is required to maintain the voltage level of all nodes in the network between regulated tolerance levels. However, during peak load hours, the voltage at the end of a radial feeder may drop below the tolerance level. The corollary is also an issue. A light loading scenario on the same feeder with a higher penetration of solar photovoltaic distributed generators (SPVDG) injecting active power can create a voltage rise scenario. While consumer loads/loading are responsible for these PQ issues in the network, there is no direct obligation on residential level consumers to manage them as long as they are individually operating within the regulation limits. However, a DR option can utilize PQ’s dependency on loads to provide additional service to DNO to mitigate any PQ violations. The DR program\u27s success is critically dependent on consumer participation. It also becomes essential to operate the program with a minimum level of consumer inconvenience. Therefore, a proposal for micromanaging consumer load on an LVDN while considering consumer inconvenience and attaining PQ objectives is thus the theme of this thesis. This research proposes a PQ constrained consumer-friendly DR (PQ-C-DR) program that can provide additional ancillary PQ management services along with conventional DR capabilities. Due consideration is given to minimize consumer inconvenience while operating DR to ensure social acceptability and equity. Harmonic levels in the network are essentially integrated as harmonic heating constraints to maintain stable levels of harmonics in LVDN. A DR in conjunction with a co-ordinated incremental and ‘fair’ curtailment algorithm is introduced to manage the voltage levels in the radial LVDN. A sensitivity study of the proposed algorithm is performed on an urban distribution network model under different operating scenarios. This thesis introduces a new algorithmic dimension in applications for load management to ancillary services (PQ management) using DR. The PQ-C-DR will favour consumer comfort while profiting all stakeholders involved, which essentially creates a win-win scenario for all network participants – essential in DNO/consumer negotiations to achieve wider DR engagement. Improving the profitability of DR by providing additional service(s) is beneficial to both customers and retailers. Furthermore, the DNO benefits from delaying additional peak and PQ management related investments, which could essentially improve the utilization factor of the network