PRedItOR: Text Guided Image Editing with Diffusion Prior

Diffusion models have shown remarkable capabilities in generating high quality and creative images conditioned on text. An interesting application of such models is structure preserving text guided image editing. Existing approaches rely on text conditioned diffusion models such as Stable Diffusion or Imagen and require compute intensive optimization of text embeddings or fine-tuning the model weights for text guided image editing. We explore text guided image editing with a Hybrid Diffusion Model (HDM) architecture similar to DALLE-2. Our architecture consists of a diffusion prior model that generates CLIP image embedding conditioned on a text prompt and a custom Latent Diffusion Model trained to generate images conditioned on CLIP image embedding. We discover that the diffusion prior model can be used to perform text guided conceptual edits on the CLIP image embedding space without any finetuning or optimization. We combine this with structure preserving edits on the image decoder using existing approaches such as reverse DDIM to perform text guided image editing. Our approach, PRedItOR does not require additional inputs, fine-tuning, optimization or objectives and shows on par or better results than baselines qualitatively and quantitatively. We provide further analysis and understanding of the diffusion prior model and believe this opens up new possibilities in diffusion models research

Using Photorealistic Face Synthesis and Domain Adaptation to Improve Facial Expression Analysis

Cross-domain synthesizing realistic faces to learn deep models has attracted increasing attention for facial expression analysis as it helps to improve the performance of expression recognition accuracy despite having small number of real training images. However, learning from synthetic face images can be problematic due to the distribution discrepancy between low-quality synthetic images and real face images and may not achieve the desired performance when the learned model applies to real world scenarios. To this end, we propose a new attribute guided face image synthesis to perform a translation between multiple image domains using a single model. In addition, we adopt the proposed model to learn from synthetic faces by matching the feature distributions between different domains while preserving each domain's characteristics. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on several face datasets on generating realistic face images. We demonstrate that the expression recognition performance can be enhanced by benefiting from our face synthesis model. Moreover, we also conduct experiments on a near-infrared dataset containing facial expression videos of drivers to assess the performance using in-the-wild data for driver emotion recognition.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, accepted by FG 2019. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1905.0028

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Siswa (Kemampuan Representasi Verbal, Gambar, Matematis, Dan Grafik) Di SMA

The Guided Inquiry Model of learning in which students will discuss, examine, observe, learn, and prove the facts symptoms of physics with the teacher providing guidance to students in full. The kind of this research is experiment by randomized post-test only control group design. Population of this research is X MIPA SMAN 4 Jember. Techniques to the collection data are observation, documentation, tests and interviews. Technique to analysis data was independent sample t-test with SPSS 20. The result of research showed that influences but not significant equals ability of verbal and image representation of students are 0.449 and 0, 433 the value Sig (one-tailed)> 0.05 and research showed that significant equals of ability mathematics, graph, and physics outcomes of students are 0.000 the value Sig (one-tailed)≤ 0.05. The reseach can be concluded that there was influences but not significant of Guided Inquiry model on ability verbal and image representation of students and a significant influence of Guided Inquiry model on ability mathematics, graph, and physics outcomes of students

Integrated cosparse analysis model with explicit edge inconsistency measurement for guided depth map upsampling

© 2018 SPIE and IS & T. A low-resolution depth map can be upsampled through the guidance from the registered high-resolution color image. This type of method is so-called guided depth map upsampling. Among the existing methods based on Markov random field (MRF), either data-driven or model-based prior is adopted to construct the regularization term. The data-driven prior can implicitly reveal the relation between color-depth image pair by training on external data. The model-based prior provides the anisotropic smoothness constraint guided by high-resolution color image. These types of priors can complement each other to solve the ambiguity in guided depth map upsampling. An MRF-based approach is proposed that takes both of them into account to regularize the depth map. Based on analysis sparse coding, the data-driven prior is defined by joint cosparsity on the vectors transformed from color-depth patches using the pair of learned operators. It is based on the assumption that the cosupports of such bimodal image structures computed by the operators are aligned. The edge inconsistency measurement is explicitly calculated, which is embedded into the model-based prior. It can significantly mitigate texture-copying artifacts. The experimental results on Middlebury datasets demonstrate the validity of the proposed method that outperforms seven state-of-the-art approaches

A reconnaissance space sensing investigation of crustal structure for a strip from the eastern Sierra Nevada to the Colorado Plateau

The author has identified the following significant results. Research progress in an investigation using ERTS-1 MSS imagery to study regional tectonics and related natural resources is summarized. Field reconnaissance guided by analysis of ERTS-1 imagery has resulted in development of a tectonic model relating strike-slip faulting to crustal extension in the southern Basin Range Province. The tectonics of the northern Death Valley-Furnace Creek Fault Zone and spacially associated volcanism and mercury mineralization were also investigated. Field work in the southern Sierra Nevada has confirmed the existence of faults and diabase dike swarms aligned along several major lineaments first recognized in ERTS-1 imagery. Various image enhancement and analysis techniques employed in the study of ERTS-1 data are summarized

Improving elevation perception with a tool for image-guided head-related transfer function selection

This paper proposes an image-guided HRTF selection procedure that exploits the relation between features of the pinna shape and HRTF notches. Using a 2D image of a subject's pinna, the procedure selects from a database the HRTF set that best fits the anthropometry of that subject. The proposed procedure is designed to be quickly applied and easy to use for a user without previous knowledge on binaural audio technologies. The entire process is evaluated by means of an auditory model for sound localization in the mid-sagittal plane available from previous literature. Using virtual subjects from a HRTF database, a virtual experiment is implemented to assess the vertical localization performance of the database subjects when they are provided with HRTF sets selected by the proposed procedure. Results report a statistically significant improvement in predictions of localization performance for selected HRTFs compared to KEMAR HRTF which is a commercial standard in many binaural audio solutions; moreover, the proposed analysis provides useful indications to refine the perceptually-motivated metrics that guides the selection

Image-guided versus blind corticosteroid injections in adults with shoulder pain: A systematic review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Corticosteroid injections can be performed blind (landmark-guided) or with image guidance, and this may account for variable clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of image-guided versus blind corticosteroid injections in improving pain and function among adults with shoulder pain.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>MEDLINE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and EMBASE were searched to May 2010. Additional studies were identified by searching bibliographies of shortlisted articles. Search items included blind, landmark, anatomical, clinical exam, image-guided, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, steroid injection, frozen shoulder, random allocation, randomized controlled trial (RCT) and clinical trial.</p> <p>Randomized controlled studies comparing image-guided versus blind (landmark-guided) corticosteroid shoulder injections that examined pain, function and/or adverse events were included. Independent extraction was done by two authors using a form with pre-specified data fields, including risk of bias appraisal. Conflicts were resolved by discussion. The decision to pool data was based on assessment of clinical design homogeneity. When warranted, studies were pooled under a random-effects model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Two RCTs for pain, function and adverse events (n = 101) met eligibility criteria. No serious threats to validity were found. Both trials compared ultrasound-guided versus landmark-guided injections and were judged similar in clinical design. Low to moderate heterogeneity was observed: shoulder pain I²= 60%, function I²= 22%. A meta-analysis demonstrated greater improvement with ultrasound-guided injections at 6 weeks after injection in both pain (mean difference = 2.23 [95% CI: 1.27, 3.18]), as assessed with a 0 to 10 visual analogue scale, and shoulder function (standardised mean difference = 1.09 [95% CI: 0.61, 1.57]) as assessed with shoulder function scores. Although more adverse events (all mild) were reported with landmark-guided injections, the difference was not statistically significant (risk ratio = 0.20 [95% CI: 0.04, 1.13]).</p> <p>This review was only based on two moderate-sized trials. Blinding of patients was not performed in both trials, causing some risk of bias in outcome assessment since primary endpoints were wholly or partially patient-reported.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>There is a paucity of RCTs on image-guided versus landmark-guided corticosteroid shoulder injections examining pain, function and adverse events. In this review, patients who underwent image-guided (ultrasound) injections had statistically significant greater improvement in shoulder pain and function at 6 weeks after injection. Image-guided (ultrasound) corticosteroid injections potentially offer a significantly greater clinical improvement over blind (landmark-guided) injections in adults with shoulder pain. However, this apparent benefit requires confirmation from further studies (adequately-powered and well-executed RCTs).</p