Friends for Free: Self-Organizing Artificial Social Networks for Trust and Cooperation

By harvesting friendship networks from e-mail contacts or instant message "buddy lists" Peer-to-Peer (P2P) applications can improve performance in low trust environments such as the Internet. However, natural social networks are not always suitable, reliable or available. We propose an algorithm (SLACER) that allows peer nodes to create and manage their own friendship networks. We evaluate performance using a canonical test application, requiring cooperation between peers for socially optimal outcomes. The Artificial Social Networks (ASN) produced are connected, cooperative and robust - possessing many of the disable properties of human friendship networks such as trust between friends (directly linked peers) and short paths linking everyone via a chain of friends. In addition to new application possibilities, SLACER could supply ASN to P2P applications that currently depend on human social networks thus transforming them into fully autonomous, self-managing systems

Trading Trust - Post-Aristocratic Finance in the City of Stockholm

Purpose The article aims to answer the question if particular values make for particular forms of trust. Design/methodology/approach In the present article, interviews and conversations the author has made with twenty-one employees in Swedish brokerage firms, merchant banks and mutual funds play the foremost empirical role. The informants range from stockbrokers, traders and market makers to managing directors of brokerage firms. Findings Trust is still important in the financial market, but researchers need to account for the new condition when finance means working with information technology and increasingly abstract instruments. Financial organizations are well described as networks while being informally structured, and characterised by an inward bonding that is cultural rather than formal. The article argues that social bonding, building upon the values and ideology of employees replaces the class-based identification that has previously characterised the Stockholm financial market. With increasingly hedonist attitudes, employees in finance form a more fluent, neo-tribal sociality. Studying at a business school, and interacting socially at work forms values and constructs an elitist identity in finance. This type of sociality consists in sharing a lifestyle and having work identities that dominate their private identities. Originality/value The present piece of research views agents as driven by a plurality of motivations and rationalities.neo-tribes; stockbrokers; financial networks; trust

AAAI Spring Symposium: Intelligent Web Services Meet Social Computing - Which Social Networks Should Web Services Sign-Up In?

This paper deals with the sign up issue in social networks populated with Web services. These social networks can be used for example, to ease the discovery of Web services. Based on Web services\u27 functionalities three social networks are built: competition, substitution, and collaboration. In competition and substitution social networks, Web services offer homogeneous functionalities. In the collaboration social network, Web services that offer heterogeneous functionalities. In this latter type, Web services can be put together to develop composite services. Prior to joining a social network, a Web service through a third-party, named social Web service, should evaluate the pros and cons of being member in this network. A set of quality criteria for assessing these pros and cons are proposed. These criteria are, but not limited to, privacy, trust, fairness, and traceability. Policies for managing the sign up are, also, provided in this paper. The adoption and effi ciency of these policies are monitored and assessed with respect to the values that these criteria take. In response to this sign up\u27s outcomes, these policies are fine-tuned

Which social networks should web services sign-up in?

This paper deals with the sign up issue in social networks populated with Web services. These social networks can be used for example, to ease the discovery of Web services. Based on Web services\u27 functionalities three social networks are built: competition, substitution, and collaboration. In competition and substitution social networks, Web services offer homogeneous functionalities. In the collaboration social network, Web services that offer heterogeneous functionalities. In this latter type, Web services can be put together to develop composite services. Prior to joining a social network, a Web service through a third-party, named social Web service, should evaluate the pros and cons of being member in this network. A set of quality criteria for assessing these pros and cons are proposed. These criteria are, but not limited to, privacy, trust, fairness, and traceability. Policies for managing the sign up are, also, provided in this paper. The adoption and efficiency of these policies are monitored and assessed with respect to me values that these criteria take. In response to this sign up\u27s outcomes, these policies are fine-tuned. Copyright © 2012, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved

Social Capital For Rural Community During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Banyumas Regency

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted Indonesian society. In addition to having an effect on the community’s socioeconomic aspects, it also has an effect on the health aspect. The most important factor in preventing and managing the effects of COVID-19 is how to foster social cohesion and make use of all community resources, especially its social capital. Finding out the social capital of rural communities amid the current COVID-19 outbreak is therefore urgently needed. This study’s specific goal is to examine the social capital that exists in rural Banyumas Regency villages during the COVID-19 pandemic and how such social capital influences local activities and rural populations’ social relations. A case study technique and a descriptive qualitative methodology were used to perform this study. The researcher will conduct in-depth interviews and direct observations to gather data. The Banyumas Regency’s rural settlements will be chosen for the study depending on the researcher’s criteria (purposive sampling). The findings demonstrated that several Banyumas Regency village areas had powerful social capital through social networks and community trust. Still, different things also occurred in several other regions, where the level of trust between community members had decreased since the pandemic. The social network that should exist in the community disintegrates or fails to form due to the drop in confidence. Keywords: Social Capital, Village Community, COVID-19 Pandemi

Managing Triads in a Military Avionics Service Maintenance Network in Taiwan

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different types of triad structures, and the management mechanisms adopted by the focal company, affect cooperative performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a social network perspective to examine the triad management phenomenon in the military avionics maintenance context, which is closely associated with the field of operations management. Findings – This paper demonstrates that different triad structures and management mechanisms influence perceived cooperative performance. Four main findings emerged: in a triad, a firm playing a bridging role perceives higher cooperative performance than when playing a peripheral role in the triad or being located in a fully connected triad. When a firm plays the bridging role in a triad, and has a high level of trust, this leads to higher perceived cooperative performance. When a firm plays a peripheral role in a triad, high levels of coordination mechanism combined with high levels of trust result in higher levels of perceived cooperative performance. In a fully linked triad, when the coordination mechanism is well developed, the level of trust is high, so that the resulting level of perceived cooperation is high. Originality/value – This paper extends the knowledge of triad management by providing an in-depth study of a well-defined network setting with exceptionally high-level access to the most senior executives. In practice, this paper shows how to manage differen

Competitive Dynamics between Physical and Virtual Markets in Multiplex Networks

Despite having interesting results of analyzing the adoption of e-commerce using social networks, diffusion does not occur in a single-layered network. There is sufficient evidence that game theory, complex networks and Theory of Planned Behavior are suitable frameworks to represent some part of the dynamics of innovation diffusion. However, it is necessary to integrate this methodological triplet to accept that an emergent behavior is generated by more real causes. We analyzed the effect of the multiplex topology when people decide to make transactions through virtual or physical channels, and found that connectivity is a key issue when managing the agent’s behavior. This also translates into greater coordination in the agents' decisions. When a multiplex is formed by at least one network with very efficient information flow, this network will govern the dynamics affecting channel selection and will also reduce transaction uncertainty. In addition, we found that investing in connectivity is worthwhile when trust is low in at least one channel; otherwise, it does not have enough impact to increase current transactions. This article makes a significant methodological contribution by showing a new way to analyze the impact of multiplex social networks, as well as a practical contribution by evidencing the effects of the structures on both intentions and actions