Managing transition to electrical and autonomous vehicles

Constant innovation within automotive industry created more safe, ecological and affordable vehicles. This industry is now facing significant changes created by the introduction of electrical powertrains and autonomous vehicle technologies, as well. These technologies reached a level of development which makes feasible their widespread deployment. This may provide significant social benefits by improving safety and saving lives, reducing fuel consumption, congestion and pollution, improving mobility and land use. The transition from traditional vehicles to autonomous and electrical vehicles is driven by convergence of connectivity, electrification and changing customer needs. The main objective of the investigation, presented in this paper, was to explore various aspects of this paradigm shift, highlight potential benefits, technological changes and policy recommendations

A Novel Model Representation Framework for Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems is C-ITS a set of ITS technologies that can provide services supported by the permanent, real time, information circulation among the components of the system. The paper aims to give an overview related to the modelling and evaluation possibilities of cooperative intelligent transportation system and to clarify the definition of the C-ITS and its differences from the regular ITS solutions. The paper introduce a proposed architecture of C-ITS modelling framework by describing C-ITS components, transferred data and its applications

Information Management for Mobility-as-a-Service Based on Autonomous Vehicles

The Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) concept is proposed to facilitate integration of transport modes regarding personalized journey planning and payment. When conventional vehicles are replaced by autonomous road vehicles (AVs) in MaaS, the information management processes alter significantly. The research questions were: how to model, design, and operate the new mobility services based on AVs in MaaS framework, focusing on information management. System engineering (SE) principles were applied. We elaborated the system structure model, the data model and the operational model. The connections among models were also presented. A dynamic pricing method was introduced to conciliate the demand and capacity as well as to calculate the service fee in MaaS. The theoretical results are applicable during design of the new service

Improvement of the Autodriver Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicles Using Roll Dynamics

The autodriver algorithm was introduced as a path-following algorithm for autonomous vehicles, which uses road geometry data and planar vehicle dynamics. In this paper, the autodriver algorithm is improved according to practical implications, and a more realistic vehicle model (roll mode) is used, which considers roll degree of freedom in addition to a planar motion. A Ghost-Car path-following approach is introduced to define the desired location of the car at every instance. Key steady-state characteristics of turning vehicles, namely the curvature, yaw rate, and side-slip responses, are discussed and used to construct a feed-forward component of a path-following controller based on the autodriver algorithm. Feedback control loops are designed and applied to minimise transient errors between the road and vehicle positions. Finally, simulations are performed to analyse the path-following performance of the proposed scheme. The results show promising performance of the controller both in terms of error minimisation and passenger comfort

Feasibility study on green transportation

This is a research report on a green transportation project. Green transportation relies on renewable energy sources rather than fossil fuels currently used extensively. Sustainability assumes low impacts on environment and balancing current and future needs. We are investigating introduction of electrical vehicles (EV) and issues which influence that EVs are rapidly becoming a mainstay in vehicle product lines. These issues are related to the remaining available reserves of fossil fuels, important for the further use of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE), from one side, and on the other side, availability and reserves of lithium and other metals, required for EV batteries and motors, which makes impacts on swiftness of green transportation introduction. This transition to EVs is characterized by the convergence of mobility and energy what can bring significant benefits to the entire society. There are also policy implications which direct the usage of green energy for EV charging and development of related infrastructure. Finally, we present the economics of green transportation and business models which ensure its sustainability

Referencial de utilização das tecnologias de informação para a melhoria da qualidade de vida nas Smart Cities

Coelho, S. C. A., & Santos, V. (2019). Referencial de utilização das tecnologias de informação para a melhoria da qualidade de vida nas Smart Cities. PROELIUM – Revista da Academia Militar, 8(2), 59-82.Due to the growth of the world population and the strong urbanization of cities, the effcient and sustainable management of resources and spaces has become a priority to improve the quality of life of the population. This is only possible when combined with new technologies. In this context, the concept of Smart City emerged, which refers to cities that, with the help of technology, offer citizens services and opportunities that otherwise would not be possible to guarantee. The goal of this article is to explore and understand the impact and the numerous improvements that the Smart Cities can bring to our society, as well as analyse which are the technologies that infuence the quality of life. It is also intended to propose a framework that can be adopted by any city, in order to improve the daily lives of its citizens. This framework focuses on technologies that infuence the quality of life of citizens, especially in the areas of health, education, environment, security, civic participation, accessibility of services, mobility and culture.publishersversionpublishe

Referencial de utilização das tecnologias de informação para a melhoria da qualidade de vida nas smart cities

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementCom o crescimento da população mundial e a forte urbanização das cidades, tornou-se uma prioridade a gestão eficiente e sustentável de recursos e espaços, por forma a melhorar a qualidade de vida da população. Tudo isto só é possível quando aliado às novas tecnologias. Neste contexto, originou-se o conceito de Smart City, cidades que, com a ajuda da tecnologia, oferecem aos cidadãos serviços e oportunidades que, de outra forma, não seria possível garantir. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo explorar e perceber o impacto e as inúmeras melhorias que as Smart Cities podem trazer à nossa sociedade, bem como analisar quais são as tecnologias que influenciam a qualidade de vida. Propõe-se, ainda, um referencial que poderá ser adotado por qualquer cidade, de forma a melhorar o quotidiano dos seus cidadãos. Este referencial foca-se nas tecnologias que têm influência na qualidade de vida dos cidadãos, designadamente nas áreas da saúde, educação, ambiente, segurança, participação cívica, acessibilidade de serviços, mobilidade e cultura.Due to the growth of the world population and the strong urbanization of cities, the efficient and sustainable management of resources and spaces has become a priority, in order to improve the quality of life of the population. This is only possible when combined with new technologies. In this context, the concept of Smart City emerged, which refers to cities that, with the help of technology, offer citizens services and opportunities that otherwise would not be possible to guarantee. The goal of this dissertation is to explore and understand the impact and the numerous improvements that the Smart Cities can bring to our society, as well as analyse which are the technologies that influence the quality of life. It is also intended to propose a framework that can be adopted by any city, in order to improve the daily lives of its citizens. This framework focuses on technologies that influence the quality of life of citizens, especially in the areas of health, education, environment, security, civic participation, accessibility of services, mobility and culture

Regime confluence in socio-technical transitions: a study of connected, autonomous, shared and electric vehicles

This PhD research aims to investigate sustainable future automobility by using socio-technical transitions theory (STT). Automobility plays multi-functional roles in society not only as commuting tool but also serving tool for serving higher quality of life, freedom of movement, and increasingly is associated with environmentally friendly concepts. This emergent form of automobility integrates many aspects ranging from connectivity (C) between vehicles and to everything else, to vehicle automation (A), car sharing (S), and electronic powertrain (E), which ultimately may combine to provide automobility as an on-demand service. Therefore, these so-called ‘CASE’ (connected, autonomous, shared, electric) vehicles bridge automobility freedom of movement in physical ‘limited’ spaces with ‘unlimited’ virtual spaces into one seamless experience, fundamentally transforming the meaning of automobility. Hence, this research has the following issues to address: is it possible for the four features (CASE) to combine? If this becomes a prevalent trend, could they redefine automobility, and with what consequences? To answer the relevant research questions, mixed data collective methods have been conducted. In which, secondary data extracted mainly from governmental documents, companies’ official webpages, professional online websites, and the grey literature. Meanwhile, primary data via interviews are used to further verify the cases’ validity. Hence, 340 instances of CASE developments identified during the research have been collected to construct an empirical storyline supplemented with 33 in-depth interviews. Additionally, we have highlighted 7 corporate cases in the traditional automotive industry and 4 outsiders to illustrate the CASE transformation process. The main findings are: 1) network theory could supplement STT to provide insights into the relationships between ‘niche’ areas and the ‘regime’; 2) regime boundary dissolution and network reintegration help new niches emerge at regime level; 3) CASE concepts have allowed ‘outsiders’ to challenge automotive OEM incumbents; and 4) the automobility transformation pathway is following ‘dealignment - realignment’ pattern. The thesis concludes many individual initiatives have failed but some remain, finding a development path for a multiplicity of reasons (political, market-driven, corporate strategy or environmental requirements). These half-mature niches and networks will finally challenge existing rules and regulations and thus push society and technology forward to reach to another ‘balance’. However, to reach a new ‘balance’ is a huge challenge that requires to leverage different stake holders such as environment sustainability, policymakers, customers and of course car manufacturers