Analysis of the state of the art of Soft Computing Techniques applied to network planning problems in 5G.

En el presente artículo se realizó una revisión del estado del arte de la aplicación de las técnicas de Soft Computing en la resolución de problemas de planificación de redes 5G, para lo cual se clasificó las diferentes técnicas de soft computing existentes (redes neuronales, lógica difusa, algoritmos evolutivos) y de los trabajos e investigaciones realizados sobre el tema según sus autores, los modelos planteados y los métodos de solución. Adicionalmente se describieron las investigaciones más relevantes en donde se especifican técnicas para dar solución a los problemas de arquitecturas y funcionalidades cruciales en el desarrollo de esta tecnología, entre los cuales se resalta: encontrar una posición óptima para una Estación Base (BS) en un área de interés determinada, operar en las bandas de frecuencias múltiples deseadas mientras se mantiene una alta ganancia, limitar el consumo de energía en las infraestructuras de red 5G y tratar de incrementar la calidad del servicio al disminuir la probabilidad de bloqueo de llamadas. Finalmente se concluyó que las técnicas de soft computing más aplicadas a la solución de problemas de planificación de las redes 5G son lógica difusa, para limitar el consumo de energía en las infraestructuras de red 5G, además de las redes neuronales artificiales y algoritmos genéticos para la admisión de llamadas en redes 5G con la finalidad de incrementar la calidad del servicio al disminuir las interferencias.The current article developed a review of the state of the art about the application of Soft Computing techniques in solving planning problems of 5G networks. To achieve this, the different existing Soft Computing techniques were classified (neural networks, fuzzy logic, evolutionary algorithms) and models proposed and methods of solution were considered from works and research developed about the subject according to their authors. Additionally, the most relevant investigations described techniques which are specified to solve problems of architectures and crucial functionalities in the development of this technology, highlighting the following: finding an optimal position for a Base Station (BS) in an area of particular interest, operating in the desired multiple frequency bands while maintaining high gain, limiting power consumption in 5G network infrastructures, and trying to increase quality of service by decreasing the probability of call blocking. To conclude, the most applied Soft Computing techniques in solving planning problems of 5G networks are fuzzy logic, in order to limit the energy consumption in 5G network infrastructures, in addition to artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms for admission of calls in 5G networks, increasing quality of service by reducing interference

Cellular Automata

Modelling and simulation are disciplines of major importance for science and engineering. There is no science without models, and simulation has nowadays become a very useful tool, sometimes unavoidable, for development of both science and engineering. The main attractive feature of cellular automata is that, in spite of their conceptual simplicity which allows an easiness of implementation for computer simulation, as a detailed and complete mathematical analysis in principle, they are able to exhibit a wide variety of amazingly complex behaviour. This feature of cellular automata has attracted the researchers' attention from a wide variety of divergent fields of the exact disciplines of science and engineering, but also of the social sciences, and sometimes beyond. The collective complex behaviour of numerous systems, which emerge from the interaction of a multitude of simple individuals, is being conveniently modelled and simulated with cellular automata for very different purposes. In this book, a number of innovative applications of cellular automata models in the fields of Quantum Computing, Materials Science, Cryptography and Coding, and Robotics and Image Processing are presented