ANALISIS KINERJA TEKNIK KOMPRESI ADVANCED VIDEO CODING (AVC)

Teknik kompresi Advanced Video Coding (AVC) adalah standar video coding yang dikembangkan oleh Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). Tujuan dari teknik kompresi video adalah untuk memampatkan ukuran datanya. Dibandingkan dengan teknik kompresi sebelumnya MPEG-4, teknik kompresi AVC memiliki kinerja dan efisiensi kompresi yang lebih baik. Pada tugas akhir ini dilakukan analisis kinerja teknik kompresi AVC. Kinerja dan efisiensi kompresi diukur berdasarkan bitrate dan PSNR video hasil kompresi. Untuk menentukan bitrate dan PSNR yang tepat pada video ditentukan berdasarkan kuantisasi parameter yang dipakai. Untuk mengetahui efisiensi kompresi, teknik kompresi AVC dibandingkan dengan teknik kompresi video sebelumnya MPEG-4 Part 2 ASP (Advanced Simple Profile), H.263 HLP (High Latency Profile) dan MPEG-2 Video ML@MP (Main Level at Main Profile). Untuk memenuhi standar kualitas video yang baik yaitu dengan nilai PSNR > 37 dB, kuantisasi parameter yang digunakan yaitu 25, sedangkan bitrate video yaitu 64 – 256 kbps. Efisiensi kompresi teknik kompresi AVC sekitar 50% bila dibandingkan dengan teknik kompresi MPEG-4 Part 2. Kata kunci : AVC, kuantisasi parameter, bitrate, PSNR, kinerja, efisiensi kompresi Advanced Video Coding (AVC) compression technique is a video coding standard developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). The goal of video compression techniques is to compress the size of the data. Compared to previous MPEG-4 compression techniques, AVC compression techniques have better compression performance and efficiency. In this final project, AVC compression technique performance analysis is measured. Compression performance and efficiency are measured based on the compressed bitrate and PSNR of the video. To determine the exact bitrate and PSNR of the video, it is determined based on the parameter quantization used. To find coding efficiency, the AVC compression technique is compared with previous video compression techniques MPEG-4 Part 2 ASP (Advanced Simple Profile), H.263 HLP (High Latency Profile) and MPEG-2 ML@MP Video (Main Level at Main Profile). To find a good video quality standard with a PSNR value > 37 dB, the parameter quantization used is 25. While the video bitrate required is 64 - 256 kbps. AVC compression efficiency up to 50% when compared to the previous standard MPEG-4 Part 2 compression technique. Keywords: AVC, parameter quantization, bitrate, PSNR, performance, compression efficienc

Current video compression algorithms: Comparisons, optimizations, and improvements

Compression algorithms have evolved significantly in recent years. Audio, still image, and video can be compressed significantly by taking advantage of the natural redundancies that occur within them. Video compression in particular has made significant advances. MPEG-1 and MPEG-2, two of the major video compression standards, allowed video to be compressed at very low bit rates compared to the original video. The compression ratio for video that is perceptually lossless (losses can\u27t be visually perceived) can even be as high as 40 or 50 to 1 for certain videos. Videos with a small degradation in quality can be compressed at 100 to 1 or more; Although the MPEG standards provided low bit rate compression, even higher quality compression is required for efficient transmission over limited bandwidth networks, wireless networks, and broadcast mediums. Significant gains have been made over the current MPEG-2 standard in a newly developed standard called the Advanced Video Coder, also known as H.264 and MPEG-4 part 10. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

An overview Survey on Various Video compressions and its importance

With the rise of digital computing and visual data processing, the need for storage and transmission of video data became prevalent. Storage and transmission of uncompressed raw visual data is not a good practice, because it requires a large storage space and great bandwidth. Video compression algorithms can compress this raw visual data or video into smaller files with a little sacrifice on the quality. This paper an overview and comparison of standard efforts on video compression algorithm of: MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-

Efficient Video Transport over Lossy Networks

Nowadays, packet video is an important application of the Internet. Unfortunately the capacity of the Internet is still very heterogeneous because it connects high bandwidth ATM networks as well as low bandwidth ISDN dial in lines. The MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 video compression standards provide efficient video encoding for high and low bandwidth media streams. In particular they include two paradigms which make those standards suitable for the transmission of video via heterogeneous networks. Both support layered video streams and MPEG-4 additionally allows the independent coding of video objects. In this paper we discuss those two paradigms, give an overview of the MPEG video compression standards and describe transport protocols for Real Time Media transport over lossy networks. Furthermore, we propose a real-time segmentation approach for extracting video objects in teleteaching scenarios

VHDL Modeling of an H.264/AVC Video Decoder

Transmission and storage of video data has necessitated the development of video com pression techniques. One of today\u27s most widely used video compression techniques is the MPEG-2 standard, which is over ten years old. A task force sponsored by the same groups that developed MPEG-2 has recently finished defining a new standard that is meant to replace MPEG-2 for future video compression applications. This standard, H.264/AVC, uses significantly improved compression techniques. It is capable of providing similar pic ture quality at bit rates of 30-70% less than MPEG-2, depending on the particular video sequence and application [20]. This thesis developed a complete VHDL behavioral model of a video decoder imple menting the Baseline Profile of the H.264/AVC standard. The decoder was verified using a testing environment for comparison with reference software results. Development of a synthesizable hardware description was also shown for two components of the video de coder: the transform unit and the deblocking filter. This demonstrated how a complete video decoder could be developed one module at a time with individual module verifica tion. Analysis was also done to estimate the performance and hardware requirements for a complete implementation on an FPGA device

Implementation of Video Compression Standards in Digital Television

In this paper, a video compression standard used in digital television systems is discussed. Basic concepts of video compression and principles of lossy and lossless compression are given. Techniques of video compression (intraframe and interframe compression), the type of frames and principles of the bit rate compression are discussed. Characteristics of standard-definition television (SDTV), high-definition television (HDTV) and ultra-high-definition television (UHDTV) are given. The principles of the MPEG-2, MPEG-4 and High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) compression standards are analyzed. Overview of basic standards of video compression and the impact of compression on the quality of TV images and the number of TV channels in the multiplexes of terrestrial and satellite digital TV transmission are shown. This work is divided into six sections

A joint motion & disparity motion estimation technique for 3D integral video compression using evolutionary strategy

3D imaging techniques have the potential to establish a future mass-market in the fields of entertainment and communications. Integral imaging, which can capture true 3D color images with only one camera, has been seen as the right technology to offer stress-free viewing to audiences of more than one person. Just like any digital video, 3D video sequences must also be compressed in order to make it suitable for consumer domain applications. However, ordinary compression techniques found in state-of-the-art video coding standards such as H.264, MPEG-4 and MPEG-2 are not capable of producing enough compression while preserving the 3D clues. Fortunately, a huge amount of redundancies can be found in an integral video sequence in terms of motion and disparity. This paper discusses a novel approach to use both motion and disparity information to compress 3D integral video sequences. We propose to decompose the integral video sequence down to viewpoint video sequences and jointly exploit motion and disparity redundancies to maximize the compression. We further propose an optimization technique based on evolutionary strategies to minimize the computational complexity of the joint motion disparity estimation. Experimental results demonstrate that Joint Motion and Disparity Estimation can achieve over 1 dB objective quality gain over normal motion estimation. Once combined with Evolutionary strategy, this can achieve up to 94% computational cost saving

An Experimental analysis of the MPEG compression standard with respect to processing requirements, compression ratio, and image quality

As computer use and capabilities have grown, people have become more interested in being able to create and access varies types of multimedia content. The MPEG video compression technique provides a method for compressing video content down to a size that computers and networks can handle. To properly make use of this algorithm it is necessary to understand the trade-offs that exist when choosing among the various options of the MPEG algorithm. Background information on the MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 algorithms is presented. This thesis then provides an understanding of the trade-offs of applying different compression and decompression options of the MPEG-1 algorithm on various types of video streams. This allows recommendations on which options should be used for specific categories of video sequences to be made. The performance of an existing implementation of the MPEG compression and decompression algorithm is analysed to determine these resulting trade-offs . Various types of video sequences are used to observe the results of changing the various parameters of the algorithm. Some of the parameters that are investigated include the percentage of the I (only spatially compressed), P (forward predicted), and B (bi-directionally predicted) frames in the compressed stream and the individual quantization of each of these frames. The results from each of the video sequences when these parameters are modified and analysed with respect to overall CR (compression ratio), play rate, average compression ratio of the I, P, and B frames separately, file percentages of the I, P, and B frame separately, and image quality. Image quality is measured subjectively using results obtained by polling a group of individuals who have observed the various video sequences. The main variables that are dependent on each other are: play rate, image quality, and compression rate. This resulting trade off analyses leads to statement on which types of parameter settings should be used in each of the various types of video sequences. In order to complete this thesis first a working understanding of the MPEG algorithm was obtained. The various video sequences used were collected. The test video streams derived from these base cases were then created and analysed. As part of this analysis phase, a group of individuals viewed and rated these video streams with respect to an original base case. A systematic approach for reporting the effect of changing the MPEG parameters on image quality, play rate, and compression ratio was determined. These results are then presented along with suggestions on when to use the various parameter options. Areas for further research are then discussed

An educational tool for understanding MPEG‐2 video compression and coding techniques

The understanding of the video encoding/decoding processes is a key skill for students of computer science, engineering, or telecommunications, especially those specialized in multimedia. The special characteristics of the video signals, and how such features are leveraged to compress the video frames using coding theory, are hard to understand for engineering students. In this paper, we describe MPEG-2 analyzer, an educational tool designed to provide a comprehensive and interactive way to understand MPEG-2 video compression and encoding techniques. We have used our tool to evaluate its usefulness in reinforcing the knowledge about the MPEG-2 video (de)coding process to Telecommunication Engineering students. Results show that the evaluation of the tool is very positive, and it has helped them to understand many of the complex concepts covered in the course.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA