The role of peer review in the evaluation of research in Italy. Some remarks on the evaluation of PRINs

This contribution proposes some remarks on the evaluation and financing mechanisms of PRINs – Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale, promoted in Italy by the MUR - Ministry of University and Research, in the context of the critical issues and evolution prospects of peer review, of which a summary state of the art is presented. Starting from the partial and incomplete data made available on the MUR website dedicated to PRINs, are listed and examined the projects financed for the current disciplinary sector M-STO/08 (Archival Science, Bibliography and Librarianship), in the years between 1996 and 2020, and those included in other disciplinary areas that have as their subject matters related to the contents of the academic field M-STO/08

Can central-venous oxygen saturation be estimated from tissue oxygen saturation during a venous occlusion test?

OBJECTIVE: To test whether tissue oxygen saturation (StO(2)) after a venous occlusion test estimates central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO(2)). METHODS: Observational study in intensive care unit patients. Tissue oxygen saturation was monitored (InSpectra Tissue Spectrometer Model 650, Hutchinson Technology Inc., MN, USA) with a multiprobe (15/25mm) in the thenar position. A venous occlusion test in volunteers was applied in the upper arm to test the tolerability and pattern of StO(2) changes during the venous occlusion test. A sphygmomanometer cuff was inflated to a pressure 30mmHg above diastolic pressure until StO(2) reached a plateau and deflated to 0mmHg. Tissue oxygen saturation parameters were divided into resting StO(2) (r-StO(2)) and minimal StO(2) (m-StO(2)) at the end of the venous occlusion test. In patients, the cuff was inflated to a pressure 30mmHg above diastolic pressure for 5 min (volunteers’ time derived) or until a StO(2) plateau was reached. Tissue oxygen saturation parameters were divided into r-StO(2), m-StO(2), and the mean time that StO(2) reached ScvO(2). The StO(2) value at the mean time was compared to ScvO(2). RESULTS: All 9 volunteers tolerated the venous occlusion test. The time for tolerability or the StO(2) plateau was 7 ± 1 minutes. We studied 22 patients. The mean time for StO(2) equalized ScvO(2) was 100 sec and 95 sec (15/25mm probes). The StO(2) value at 100 sec ([100-StO(2)] 15mm: 74 ± 7%; 25mm: 74 ± 6%) was then compared with ScvO(2) (75 ± 6%). The StO(2) value at 100 sec correlated with ScvO(2) (15 mm: R(2) = 0.63, 25mm: R(2) = 0.67, p < 0.01) without discrepancy (Bland Altman). CONCLUSION: Central venous oxygen saturation can be estimated from StO(2) during a venous occlusion test

Le declaratorie del settore disciplinare M-STO/08 come «testo breve»: un modello di analisi linguistica

The paper proposes some considerations on the configuration of the disciplinary sector M-STO/08, which, in the Italian juridical-academic lexicon, is described in a concise declaration, published with the Ministerial Decree of 4 October 2000, which briefly delineates its boundaries. Mission 4 “Istruzione e ricerca” of the PNRR (Piano nazionale di ripresa e resilienza) envisages a reform of the degree classes and binds the relevant scientific communities, such as the SISBB (Società italiana di Scienze bibliografiche e biblioteconomiche), to adaptations, which concern both the concrete organizational and procedural dynamics, and, at the same time, the theoretical and methodological implications referred to them, and which therefore affect the profile of the disciplinary field of bibliography and library science. The specific objective proposed is primarily based on the analysis of the contents of the current declaration of the disciplinary sector M-STO/08, on its position in the hierarchy of the academic organization, and on the lines of development of the bibliographic culture, that the «short text» of a declaration may succeed in prefiguring.Il contributo propone alcune considerazioni sulla configurazione del settore disciplinare M-STO/08, che, nel lessico giuridico-accademico italiano, è descritto in una declaratoria sintetica, pubblicata con il d.m. 4 ottobre 2000, che ne delinea sinteticamente i confini. La missione 4 “Istruzione e ricerca” del PNRR (Piano nazionale di ripresa e resilienza) prevede una riforma delle classi di laurea e vincola le comunità scientifiche di riferimento, come la SISBB (Società italiana di Scienze bibliografiche e biblioteconomiche), ad adeguamenti, che riguardano sia le concrete dinamiche organizzative e procedurali, sia, contestualmente, le implicazioni teoriche e metodologiche ad esse riferite, e che toccano dunque il profilo del campo disciplinare della Bibliografia e della Biblioteconomia. L’obiettivo specifico che in questa sede viene proposto si basa in primo luogo sulla analisi dei contenuti della attuale declaratoria del settore disciplinare M-STO/08, sulla sua collocazione nella gerarchia della organizzazione accademica, e sulle linee di sviluppo della cultura bibliografica e biblioteconomica che il «testo breve» di una declaratoria può riuscire a prefigurare

Convergent-Beam EMCD: Benefits, Pitfalls, and Applications

Energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) is a versatile method for studying magnetic properties on the nanoscale. However, the classical EMCD technique is notorious for its low signal to noise ratio (SNR). Here, we study the theoretical possibilities of using a convergent beam for EMCD. In particular, we study the influence of detector positioning as well as convergence and collection angles on the detectable EMCD signal. In addition, we analyze the expected SNR and give guidelines for achieving optimal EMCD results

Polarization screening and induced carrier density at the interface of LaAlO3_3 overlayer on SrTiO3_3 (001)

We investigate the role of lattice polarization in determination of induced carrier density at the $n$-type interface of LaAlO$_3$ overlayer on SrTiO$_3$ (001) by carrying out density-functional-theory calculations. When no oxygen vacancy or defect is present, the magnitude of polarization screening in the LaAlO$_3$ layers is found to be correlated with the carrier charge induced at the interface. For the interfaces with a few LaAlO$_3$ layers, the induced charge carrier is compensated by the electrostatic screening and consequently its density remains far less than 0.5 electrons per unit cell.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Comments on "Transition from transpiration to film cooling"

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