16,239 research outputs found
Smart Computing and Sensing Technologies for Animal Welfare: A Systematic Review
Animals play a profoundly important and intricate role in our lives today.
Dogs have been human companions for thousands of years, but they now work
closely with us to assist the disabled, and in combat and search and rescue
situations. Farm animals are a critical part of the global food supply chain,
and there is increasing consumer interest in organically fed and humanely
raised livestock, and how it impacts our health and environmental footprint.
Wild animals are threatened with extinction by human induced factors, and
shrinking and compromised habitat. This review sets the goal to systematically
survey the existing literature in smart computing and sensing technologies for
domestic, farm and wild animal welfare. We use the notion of \emph{animal
welfare} in broad terms, to review the technologies for assessing whether
animals are healthy, free of pain and suffering, and also positively stimulated
in their environment. Also the notion of \emph{smart computing and sensing} is
used in broad terms, to refer to computing and sensing systems that are not
isolated but interconnected with communication networks, and capable of remote
data collection, processing, exchange and analysis. We review smart
technologies for domestic animals, indoor and outdoor animal farming, as well
as animals in the wild and zoos. The findings of this review are expected to
motivate future research and contribute to data, information and communication
management as well as policy for animal welfare
Robotics for urban search and rescue
This paper describes a team of robots that are designed for urban search and rescue applications. The team CASualty consists of four tele-operated robots and one autonomous robot. A brief description of the capabilities of the robot team is presented together with the details of capabilities of the autonomous robot HOMER. In particular, the software architecture, user interface, strategies used for mapping, exploration and the identification of human victims present in the environment are described. The team participated in an international competition on urban search and rescue (RoboCup Rescue) held in Bremen, Germany in June 2006 where HOMER was placed second in the autonomy challeng
A Comprehensive Review of AI-enabled Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Trends, Vision , and Challenges
In recent years, the combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and unmanned
aerial vehicles (UAVs) has brought about advancements in various areas. This
comprehensive analysis explores the changing landscape of AI-powered UAVs and
friendly computing in their applications. It covers emerging trends, futuristic
visions, and the inherent challenges that come with this relationship. The
study examines how AI plays a role in enabling navigation, detecting and
tracking objects, monitoring wildlife, enhancing precision agriculture,
facilitating rescue operations, conducting surveillance activities, and
establishing communication among UAVs using environmentally conscious computing
techniques. By delving into the interaction between AI and UAVs, this analysis
highlights the potential for these technologies to revolutionise industries
such as agriculture, surveillance practices, disaster management strategies,
and more. While envisioning possibilities, it also takes a look at ethical
considerations, safety concerns, regulatory frameworks to be established, and
the responsible deployment of AI-enhanced UAV systems. By consolidating
insights from research endeavours in this field, this review provides an
understanding of the evolving landscape of AI-powered UAVs while setting the
stage for further exploration in this transformative domain
Technology applications
A summary of NASA Technology Utilization programs for the period of 1 December 1971 through 31 May 1972 is presented. An abbreviated description of the overall Technology Utilization Applications Program is provided as a background for the specific applications examples. Subjects discussed are in the broad headings of: (1) cancer, (2) cardiovascular disease, (2) medical instrumentation, (4) urinary system disorders, (5) rehabilitation medicine, (6) air and water pollution, (7) housing and urban construction, (8) fire safety, (9) law enforcement and criminalistics, (10) transportation, and (11) mine safety
Applications of aerospace technology in the public sector
Current activities of the program to accelerate specific applications of space related technology in major public sector problem areas are summarized for the period 1 June 1971 through 30 November 1971. An overview of NASA technology, technology applications, and supporting activities are presented. Specific technology applications in biomedicine are reported including cancer detection, treatment and research; cardiovascular diseases, diagnosis, and treatment; medical instrumentation; kidney function disorders, treatment, and research; and rehabilitation medicine
Potential of volatile organic compounds as markers of entrapped humans for use in urban search-and-rescue operations
Volatile organic compounds emitted by a human body form a chemical signature
capable of providing invaluable information on the physiological status of an
individual and, thereby, could serve as signs-of-life for detecting victims
after natural or man-made disasters. In this review a database of potential
biomarkers of human presence was created on the basis of existing literature
reports on volatiles in human breath, skin emanation, blood, and urine.
Approximate fluxes of these species from the human body were estimated and used
to predict their concentrations in the vicinity of victims. The proposed
markers were classified into groups of different potential for victim
detection. The major classification discriminants were the capability of
detection by portable, real-time analytical instruments and background levels
in urban environment. The data summarized in this review are intended to assist
studies on the detection of humans via chemical analysis and accelerate
investigations in this area of knowledge.Comment: 38 page
Community rotorcraft air transportation benefits and opportunities
Information about rotorcraft that will assist community planners in assessing and planning for the use of rotorcraft transportation in their communities is provided. Information useful to helicopter researchers, manufacturers, and operators concerning helicopter opportunities and benefits is also given. Three primary topics are discussed: the current status and future projections of rotorcraft technology, and the comparison of that technology with other transportation vehicles; the community benefits of promising rotorcraft transportation opportunities; and the integration and interfacing considerations between rotorcraft and other transportation vehicles. Helicopter applications in a number of business and public service fields are examined in various geographical settings
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