Modelling of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow through a Granular Material and External Wall Barrier

Heat and fluid flow simulations for granular material in wall barriers allow to design them in a way that maximally reduces the expenditures on utilisation of buildings. This paper demonstrates the solution to the problem of the passage of air through the external wall barrier. It shows how the temperature changes inside the wall barriers when the external temperature changes. Two types of partitions are tested: single-layer (granular material) and two-layer (granular and concrete material). The paper presents comparison of the results of the numerical model and in-house code with the experimental data. The numerical model applied is based on the unsteady equation of heat conduction (3D) and the Navier-Stokes equations. A high-order compact method in combination with the WENO scheme and predictor-corrector method are applied for the spatio-temporal discretisation. The flows of air and heat in the granular layers are modelled using immersed boundary technique, which allows to use Cartesian meshes for objects with very complex geometric shapes. The correctness of numerical model applied has been verified by comparisons with ANSYS Fluent results and experimental data obtained from measurements performed in a laboratory and in-situ

Oxidative coupling of methane for ethylene production : reviewing kinetic modelling approaches, thermodynamics and catalysts

Ethylene production via oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) represents an interesting route for natural gas upscaling, being the focus of intensive research worldwide. Here, OCM developments are analysed in terms of kinetic mechanisms and respective applications in chemical reactor models, discussing current challenges and directions for further developments. Furthermore, some thermodynamic aspects of the OCM reactions are also revised, providing achievable olefins yields in a wide range of operational reaction conditions. Finally, OCM catalysts are reviewed in terms of respective catalytic performances and thermal stability, providing an executive summary for future studies on OCM economic feasibility

Oxidative Coupling of Methane for Ethylene Production: Reviewing Kinetic Modelling Approaches, Thermodynamics and Catalysts

Ethylene production via oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) represents an interesting route for natural gas upscaling, being the focus of intensive research worldwide. Here, OCM developments are analysed in terms of kinetic mechanisms and respective applications in chemical reactor models, discussing current challenges and directions for further developments. Furthermore, some thermodynamic aspects of the OCM reactions are also revised, providing achievable olefins yields in a wide range of operational reaction conditions. Finally, OCM catalysts are reviewed in terms of respective catalytic performances and thermal stability, providing an executive summary for future studies on OCM economic feasibility

Performance analysis of three iteration-free numerical methods for fast and accurate simulation of thermal dynamics in district heating pipeline

Numerical methods can provide sufficient information for thermal dynamics of district heating (DH) network. However, high computation burden restricts its application, especially for large-scale DH networks. This dilemma can be overcome by establishing fast numerical calculation procedure and properly selecting the calculation steps without reduction of numerical accuracy. The first-order implicit upwind method is an iteration-free numerical approach for fast simulation of DH pipeline thermal dynamics, while the first-order precision restricts its numerical performance. To further improve the simulation performance, two iteration-free numerical methods with high-order precision, the second-order implicit upwind method and third-order semi-implicit QUICK method are developed. Validations of the three numerical methods are conducted with the measured data of a real DH pipeline. Preferred calculation steps of the three methods are studied via comprehensive numerical experiments. Based on the preferred step size, simulation comparisons of the numerical methods are performed. Results show that the outlet temperature fluctuations of DH pipeline can be feasibly predicted by these methods with satisfying accuracy. The second-order implicit upwind method perform best considering least computation burden (0.003s) within acceptable error. With the application of the second-order implicit upwind method, simulation analysis on DH pipeline under varying flow velocities are performed

Book of abstracts of the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference: CHEMPOR 2008

This book contains the extended abstracts presented at the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008, held in Braga, Portugal, over 3 days, from the 4th to the 6th of September, 2008. Previous editions took place in Lisboa (1975, 1889, 1998), Braga (1978), Póvoa de Varzim (1981), Coimbra (1985, 2005), Porto (1993), and Aveiro (2001). The conference was jointly organized by the University of Minho, “Ordem dos Engenheiros”, and the IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering with the usual support of the “Sociedade Portuguesa de Química” and, by the first time, of the “Sociedade Portuguesa de Biotecnologia”. Thirty years elapsed since CHEMPOR was held at the University of Minho, organized by T.R. Bott, D. Allen, A. Bridgwater, J.J.B. Romero, L.J.S. Soares and J.D.R.S. Pinheiro. We are fortunate to have Profs. Bott, Soares and Pinheiro in the Honor Committee of this 10th edition, under the high Patronage of his Excellency the President of the Portuguese Republic, Prof. Aníbal Cavaco Silva. The opening ceremony will confer Prof. Bott with a “Long Term Achievement” award acknowledging the important contribution Prof. Bott brought along more than 30 years to the development of the Chemical Engineering science, to the launch of CHEMPOR series and specially to the University of Minho. Prof. Bott’s inaugural lecture will address the importance of effective energy management in processing operations, particularly in the effectiveness of heat recovery and the associated reduction in greenhouse gas emission from combustion processes. The CHEMPOR series traditionally brings together both young and established researchers and end users to discuss recent developments in different areas of Chemical Engineering. The scope of this edition is broadening out by including the Biological Engineering research. One of the major core areas of the conference program is life quality, due to the importance that Chemical and Biological Engineering plays in this area. “Integration of Life Sciences & Engineering” and “Sustainable Process-Product Development through Green Chemistry” are two of the leading themes with papers addressing such important issues. This is complemented with additional leading themes including “Advancing the Chemical and Biological Engineering Fundamentals”, “Multi-Scale and/or Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Process-Product Innovation”, “Systematic Methods and Tools for Managing the Complexity”, and “Educating Chemical and Biological Engineers for Coming Challenges” which define the extended abstracts arrangements along this book. A total of 516 extended abstracts are included in the book, consisting of 7 invited lecturers, 15 keynote, 105 short oral presentations given in 5 parallel sessions, along with 6 slots for viewing 389 poster presentations. Full papers are jointly included in the companion Proceedings in CD-ROM. All papers have been reviewed and we are grateful to the members of scientific and organizing committees for their evaluations. It was an intensive task since 610 submitted abstracts from 45 countries were received. It has been an honor for us to contribute to setting up CHEMPOR 2008 during almost two years. We wish to thank the authors who have contributed to yield a high scientific standard to the program. We are thankful to the sponsors who have contributed decisively to this event. We also extend our gratefulness to all those who, through their dedicated efforts, have assisted us in this task. On behalf of the Scientific and Organizing Committees we wish you that together with an interesting reading, the scientific program and the social moments organized will be memorable for all.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Proceedings of the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008

This volume contains full papers presented at the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008, held in Braga, Portugal, between September 4th and 6th, 2008.FC

Mass Transfer in Multiphase Systems and its Applications

This book covers a number of developing topics in mass transfer processes in multiphase systems for a variety of applications. The book effectively blends theoretical, numerical, modeling and experimental aspects of mass transfer in multiphase systems that are usually encountered in many research areas such as chemical, reactor, environmental and petroleum engineering. From biological and chemical reactors to paper and wood industry and all the way to thin film, the 31 chapters of this book serve as an important reference for any researcher or engineer working in the field of mass transfer and related topics

Перспективы развития фундаментальных наук: сборник научных трудов XII Международной конференция студентов и молодых ученых, г. Томск, 21-24 апреля 2015 г.

Сборник содержит труды участников XII Международной конференции студентов и молодых учёных «Перспективы развития фундаментальных наук». Включает доклады студентов и молодых ученых, представленные на секциях «Физика», «Химия», «Математика», «Биология и медицина», «Наноматериалы и нанотехнологии», «Технология», «Конкурс архитектурных работ», «IT- технологии и электроника». Предназначен для студентов, аспирантов, молодых ученых, преподавателей в области естественных наук и высшей математики