152,601 research outputs found
ImageNetVC: Zero-Shot Visual Commonsense Evaluation on 1000 ImageNet Categories
Recently, Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) have been serving as
general-purpose interfaces, posing a significant demand for comprehensive
visual knowledge. However, it remains unclear how well current PLMs and their
visually augmented counterparts (VaLMs) can master visual commonsense
knowledge. To investigate this, we propose ImageNetVC, a fine-grained,
human-annotated dataset specifically designed for zero-shot visual commonsense
evaluation across 1,000 ImageNet categories. Utilizing ImageNetVC, we delve
into the fundamental visual commonsense knowledge of both unimodal PLMs and
VaLMs, uncovering the scaling law and the influence of the backbone model on
VaLMs. Furthermore, we investigate the factors affecting the visual commonsense
knowledge of large-scale models, providing insights into the development of
language models enriched with visual commonsense knowledge. Our code and
dataset are available at https://github.com/hemingkx/ImageNetVC
Logic, Probability and Action: A Situation Calculus Perspective
The unification of logic and probability is a long-standing concern in AI,
and more generally, in the philosophy of science. In essence, logic provides an
easy way to specify properties that must hold in every possible world, and
probability allows us to further quantify the weight and ratio of the worlds
that must satisfy a property. To that end, numerous developments have been
undertaken, culminating in proposals such as probabilistic relational models.
While this progress has been notable, a general-purpose first-order knowledge
representation language to reason about probabilities and dynamics, including
in continuous settings, is still to emerge. In this paper, we survey recent
results pertaining to the integration of logic, probability and actions in the
situation calculus, which is arguably one of the oldest and most well-known
formalisms. We then explore reduction theorems and programming interfaces for
the language. These results are motivated in the context of cognitive robotics
(as envisioned by Reiter and his colleagues) for the sake of concreteness.
Overall, the advantage of proving results for such a general language is that
it becomes possible to adapt them to any special-purpose fragment, including
but not limited to popular probabilistic relational models
OpenAlea: A visual programming and component-based software platform for plant modeling
International audienceAs illustrated by the approaches presented during the 5th FSPM workshop (Prusinkiewicz and Hanan 2007, and this issue), the development of functional-structural plant models requires an increasing amount of computer modeling. All these models are developed by different teams in various contexts and with different goals. Efficient and flexible computational frameworks are required to augment the interaction between these models, their reusability, and the possibility to compare them on identical datasets. In this paper, we present an open-source platform, OpenAlea, that provides a user-friendly environment for modelers, and advanced deployment methods. OpenAlea allows researchers to build models using a visual programming interface and provides a set of tools and models dedicated to plant modeling. Models and algorithms are embedded in OpenAlea components with well defined input and output interfaces that can be easily interconnected to form more complex models and define more macroscopic components. The system architecture is based on the use of a general purpose, high-level, object-oriented script language, Python, widely used in other scientific areas. We briefly present the rationale that underlies the architectural design of this system and we illustrate the use of the platform to assemble several heterogeneous model components and to rapidly prototype a complex modeling scenario
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Learning from AI : new trends in database technology
Recently some researchers in the areas of database data modelling and knowledge representations in artificial intelligence have recognized that they share many common goals. In this survey paper we show the relationship between database and artificial intelligence research. We show that there has been a tendency for data models to incorporate more modelling techniques developed for knowledge representations in artificial intelligence as the desire to incorporate more application oriented semantics, user friendliness, and flexibility has increased. Increasing the semantics of the representation is the key to capturing the "reality" of the database environment, increasing user friendliness, and facilitating the support of multiple, possibly conflicting, user views of the information contained in a database
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