1,443 research outputs found
Influence of Childhood Social Media Use on Parental Attachment and Individual Self-Regulation as an Adult
The utilization of social media continues to rise as technology becomes more refined. Social media has become a topic for extensive research due to this continuing upward trend of use among its diverse set of users. Evidence indicates that there are positive and negative outcomes that originate from the use of social media, including the inability to self-regulate. Several research articles also indicate that the lack of parental attachment, results in the inability to self-regulate. Research shows that social media has a negative effect on self-regulation, but there is limited data on how this association affects all ages, including adults. This paper will serve as a review of research on parental attachment, social media, and self-regulation and provides a discussion of future possible research that involves emerging adults
"I urgently need your advice" - digital stress experiences and social support in online forums
One downside of digitalization is the digital stress that stems from widespread information and communication technologies (ICTs). Previous studies on digital stress have pointed to several ICT-related stressors. However, less is known about how digital stress takes shape
in peopleâs lives and which interventions are perceived to be helpful. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of 50 threads (523 posts) on contemporary digital stress experiences in peopleâs professional and private lives. Results show that digital stress was mostly caused by other peopleâs ICT useânot the thread creatorâs own useâand often
involved interpersonal conflicts. In the professional context, digital stress experiences were mostly related to (expected) permanent availability; in the private context, they referred to the communication behavior of others. In response, informational support (i.e., coping recommendations) clearly outweighed emotional support. Overall, our findings demonstrate that digital stress is more than just an intrapersonal psychological stress reaction caused by digital technologies. It is, namely, a social phenomenon that calls for a broader conceptualization of the traditionally psychological concept of stress
Secondary Studentsâ Career Development Phenomenarratives
Career education and guidance can support the development of secondary students as they aspire toward their life goals. This research explored the lived experiences of three young people through the creation of phenomenarratives. A narrative co-reflection process was developed as part of the studentsâ personalised career guidance planning. Findings indicated the importance of career education that supports personalised and holistic learning experiences to develop studentsâ self-awareness, work skills, networks and confidence in their future direction
Leading a business school
Business schools are critical players in higher education, educating current and future leaders to make a difference in the world. Yet we know surprisingly little about the leaders of business schools. Leading a Business School demystifies this complex and dynamic role, offering international insights into deansâ dilemmas in different contexts and situations. It highlights the importance of deans creating challenging and supportive learning cultures to enhance business and management education, organizations and society more broadly.
Written by renowned experts on the role of the dean, Julie Davies, Howard Thomas, Eric Cornuel and Rolf D. Cremer, the book traces the historical evolution of the business school deanship, the current challenges and future sources of disruption. The leadership characteristics and styles of business school deans are presented based on an examination of different dimensions of their roles. These include issues of strategic positioning, such as financial viability, prestige, size, mission, age, location and programme portfolios, as well as the influences of rankings, sector accreditations, governance structures, networks and national policies on strategy implementation. Drawing on international case studies and deansâ development programmes globally, the authors explore constraints on deansâ autonomy, university and external relations, and how business school deans add value over the period of their tenures.
This candid and well-researched book is essential reading for aspiring business school leaders, those hiring and working with deans, and other higher education leaders
Cognitive Decay And Memory Recall During Long Duration Spaceflight
This dissertation aims to advance the efficacy of Long-Duration Space Flight (LDSF) pre-flight and in-flight training programs, acknowledging existing knowledge gaps in NASA\u27s methodologies. The research\u27s objective is to optimize the cognitive workload of LDSF crew members, enhance their neurocognitive functionality, and provide more meaningful work experiences, particularly for Mars missions.The study addresses identified shortcomings in current training and learning strategies and simulation-based training systems, focusing on areas requiring quantitative measures for astronaut proficiency and training effectiveness assessment. The project centers on understanding cognitive decay and memory loss under LDSF-related stressors, seeking to establish when such cognitive decline exceeds acceptable performance levels throughout mission phases. The research acknowledges the limitations of creating a near-orbit environment due to resource constraints and the need to develop engaging tasks for test subjects. Nevertheless, it underscores the potential impact on future space mission training and other high-risk professions. The study further explores astronaut training complexities, the challenges encountered in LDSF missions, and the cognitive processes involved in such demanding environments. The research employs various cognitive and memory testing events, integrating neuroimaging techniques to understand cognition\u27s neural mechanisms and memory. It also explores Rasmussen\u27s S-R-K behaviors and Brain Network Theoryâs (BNT) potential for measuring forgetting, cognition, and predicting training needs. The multidisciplinary approach of the study reinforces the importance of integrating insights from cognitive psychology, behavior analysis, and brain connectivity research. Research experiments were conducted at the University of North Dakota\u27s Integrated Lunar Mars Analog Habitat (ILMAH), gathering data from selected subjects via cognitive neuroscience tools and Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to evaluate neurocognitive performance. The data analysis aimed to assess brain network activations during mentally demanding activities and compare EEG power spectra across various frequencies, latencies, and scalp locations. Despite facing certain challenges, including inadequacies of the current adapter boards leading to analysis failure, the study provides crucial lessons for future research endeavors. It highlights the need for swift adaptation, continual process refinement, and innovative solutions, like the redesign of adapter boards for high radio frequency noise environments, for the collection of high-quality EEG data. In conclusion, while the research did not reveal statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups, it furnished valuable insights and underscored the need to optimize astronaut performance, well-being, and mission success. The study contributes to the ongoing evolution of training methodologies, with implications for future space exploration endeavors
20th International Medical, Pharmaceutical, Cosmeceutical and Health Science Symposium
The 20th International Medical, Pharmaceutical, Cosmeceutical & Health Science Symposium (iMPaCHS) is an annual symposium co-organized by Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Management & Science of the Management & Science University, Malaysia. With the theme 'Advancing Health Science Innovations through Interdisciplinary Collaboration', the 20th iMPaCHS aims to promote holistic research skills for future betterment. Advancing health science innovations requires a multidisciplinary approach, which involves the collaboration of experts from various fields. Interdisciplinary collaboration enables the integration of knowledge, perspectives, and methodologies from different disciplines, leading to the development of novel and effective solutions to complex health challenges. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, health science can leverage the strengths of each field and accelerate the translation of research findings into clinical practice, ultimately improving and advancing the overall state of health science. This is in line with the sustainable development goal and collaborative research activity in the university. The 20th International Medical, Pharmaceutical, Cosmeceutical & Health Science Symposium (iMPaCHS) is an annual symposium co-organized by Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Management & Science of the Management & Science University, Malaysia. With the theme 'Advancing Health Science Innovations through Interdisciplinary Collaboration', the 20th iMPaCHS aims to promote holistic research skills for future betterment. Advancing health science innovations requires a multidisciplinary approach, which involves the collaboration of experts from various fields. Interdisciplinary collaboration enables the integration of knowledge, perspectives, and methodologies from different disciplines, leading to the development of novel and effective solutions to complex health challenges. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, health science can leverage the strengths of each field and accelerate the translation of research findings into clinical practice, ultimately improving and advancing the overall state of health science. This is in line with the sustainable development goal and collaborative research activity in the university
DOCTORAL STUDENTSâ EXPERIENCES OF THE PANDEMIC AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF GRIT
The pandemic has significantly changed societal structures and individualsâ lives. The early tragedies and stress of the pandemic affected health, relationships, families, education, work, travel, and immigration. Students who entered doctoral programs in 2020 chose a unique time to pursue an already arduous goal amidst unprecedented challenges. Using a phenomenological approach, this study explored doctoral studentsâ experiences during the pandemic and sought to understand their perspectives of grit. The study aimed to offer first-hand insight into the pandemicâs effects on doctoral students, and add critical contributions to understanding the necessary actions, support systems, and policies for a life in a post-pandemic world
Generativity and Aspirational Dignity in Old Age - The Engagement of Older People for Younger People among Elite Professionals in Delhi and other Indian Cities
The dissertation titled, âGenerativity and Aspirational Dignity in Old Age â Engagement of Older People for Younger People among Elite Professionals in Delhi and other Indian Citiesâ is an empirical study that seeks to study occupational and personal potential of older people who chose to work after retirement. The study explores the questions on the extent to which the elderly can use their expertise and personal strengths in intergenerational relations, the extent to which elderly are actively involved in work post-retirement, the interest of the elderly in such an engagement and the importance of this commitment for the individual's emotional condition. The study also examines how far older people in the commitment described here see an opportunity to realize their personal criteria of a good life.
The theoretical framework of the study takes into consideration the fundamental and pertinent concepts of ageism, generativity, ageing with dignity, respect and social inclusion, cultural values and attitudes, health and wellbeing, meaningful involvement and productive ageing. In this study âGenerativityâ theory of human development stages by Erikson (1950/1963), by McAdams and de. St. Aubin (1992) and dignity of older people by Nordenfelt (2003) have been adopted to explain the meaningful engagement of older people in work environment in the changing intergenerational relations in urban Indian societies.
The research design chosen for the study is âdescriptiveâ as it involves quantitative data and qualitative data. The composites of independent variables in the form of scales are used to learn Generativity using Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS) and Well-being using Ryffâs Scale. Indepth interviews are conducted to understand respondentsâ and employersâ perspectives and views.
The study is based on the responses of 83 retired professionals who took up second inning and 14 select employers. The respondents were selected based on identified criteria and the supposition that they possess the required knowledge and experience and they will be able to provide information that is both detailed (depth) and generalizable (breadth) on motives for engagement in job post retirement. Also, who would make first cautious statements about possible influences of individual personality characteristics on this engagement. The samples were selected from services, public and industry sectors including startups from different zones in India. The sample was also designed keeping in mind socio-demographic factors (extrinsic factors) and to represent the industrial, service and the public sectors. The purposive sampling method is deployed to help reach the target group. The interviews were conducted in person or on phone. The data is collected from the field and the analysis is based on the field data.
The quantitative data relates to the study of generativity and well-being of the sampling units, both individually and on an average basis. Data is analysed from the responses of the Ryffâs Scale and The Loyola Generativity Scale. The overall score from the Ryffâs Scale is a measure of well being and that from the Loyola Generativity Scale is a measure of generativity. In order to create composite index scores different questions are added together and the scores compared across respondents in order to assess their overall performance. The scores can be interpreted as High Scores and Low Scores.
The qualitative data is collected through in-depth interviews, which were conducted to explore respondentsâ perspective and views vis a vis the research questions. The questions revolved on the themes of Generativity and wellbeing. The participants were observed during the interview and field notes taken.
In the research study selective employers were interviewed in depth in order to understand their perspective and to provide information on possible support of the elderly in new workplace. In addition, information about the assessment of this support by the employers was also collected qualitatively. The employers were categorized into two categories, those who hired the retired elderly and those elderly who were the business owners. The result based on responses of the employers elicited that the employers perceived certain qualities of elderly positively, while some qualities negatively vis-Ă -vis productivity and relations with co-workers. Across sectors there doesnât exist any policy for hiring the retired. Individuals retiring from influential posts with strong networks are headhunted and mid-performers are hired through references.
For the analysis of generativity, the respondents, based on the mean scores were divided into two groups, namely high performers (those who scored equal to or above the Mean score on LGS) and low performers (those who scored below the Mean score on LGS). The scores were substantiated with the qualitative findings from in-depth interviews and the scaled statements described. The interview responses and LGS scores threw light on commonalities among various groups of respondents, their distinct characteristics and at the same time highlighted issues and challenges. The results indicated that elderly feel responsible for the young generation and that generativity at work has several relationships while the low scoring respondents faced issues with relationships at work. Statistically, the results showed that average scores of low and high scoring respondents significantly differ in overall LGS score and its subcategories. Each subcategory is significantly associated with each other which shows that improvement in one category can lead to improvement in other category. But Job type doesnât have a significant effect on average LGS score.
The qualitative data on wellbeing was collected with the help of in-depth interviews based on the objectives and quantitative data was collected from the responses using Ryffâs Scale. Based on the Mean scores, the respondents under each subcategory were divided into two groups, namely high performers (those who scored equal to or above the Mean score on Ryffâs Scale) and low performers (those who scored below the Mean score on Ryffâs Scale). In-depth interviews were taken and the Ryffâs Scale scores and interview responses threw light on commonalities among various groups of respondents, their distinct characteristics and at the same time highlighted issues and challenges. The results also showed that wellbeing at workplace meant more than working and performing. Dignity was found to be important to the retired rehired and it was seen as a multidimensional notion while the low scoring respondents faced unfavourable work conditions. Statistically, the results showed that average scores of low and high scoring respondents significantly differ in overall Ryffâs Scale score and its subcategories. Each subcategory is significantly associated with each other which shows that improvement in one category can lead to improvement in other category. But Job type doesnât have a significant effect on average Ryffâs Scale score. Further, it was found the respondents with high performance or scores in Personal Growth and Autonomy have a better chance to perform well in Generativity, whereas the high scoring respondents in Self-Acceptance and Positive Relations too have a chance to perform well with two subcategories of LGS. Same holds for high scorers in Purpose in Life who stand a chance to perform well on one subcategory of LGS.
For qualitative data analysis, the Ideal typical grouping technique conceptualised and methodology developed by Uta Gerhardt (1994) is used. The study deals with the three objectives; to understand the extent to which elderly people in India have an opportunity to use their expertise and personal strengths in intergenerational relations; to examine the extent to which elderly people are actively involved in the reemployment/second innings, the interest of the elderly in such an engagement and the importance of this commitment, above all, for the individualâs emotional condition and; to what extent older people in the commitment described here see as opportunity to realize their personal criteria of good life. It emerged that five ideal typical groups may be identified based on similarity in psychological wellbeing, generativity, psychological characteristics and sociodemographic factors. And factors such as past professional life, age, organizational support, personal resources, circumstantial second innings and past unfulfilled professional lives are important determinants. The analysis, however does not represent the whole population of elderly in India. Rather, this study represents the experiences of relatively privileged elderly.
Overall, the result confirms that our Hypothesis is met. The result confirms that the high scoring elderly in India avail opportunity to use their expertise and personal strengths in intergenerational relations. The high scoring elderly are actively involved in the reemployment, they have interest in such an engagement and this commitment is important for their emotional condition. The high scoring elderly in the commitment see this opportunity to realize their personal criteria of good life. The low scoring elderly donât avail opportunity fully to use their expertise and personal strengths in intergenerational relations and they are not performing well in terms of active involvement in reemployment/second innings, they have low interest in such an engagement and it is not favoring their emotional condition, thereby failing them to realize their personal criteria of good life.
It is recommended that it is a joint responsibility of the government, private sector and the individuals to make structured plans and open up for meaningful engagement in work-life post retirement. Physical, social and cultural opportunities be provided for the elderly. Efforts to promote generativity and wellbeing of the elderly at workplace will help improve their work efficiency and organizational productivity, bring the young and old generations together for better work environment and positively affect health of the elderly, thereby reducing economic burden on the government machinery. The government and the corporate would have to work in tandem to create Age-friendly environment. At the same time the elderly should practice self-actualization and be ready to take up work post retirement. Those in active service should perform and maintain the mindset that basis their past performance they could apply for extension or continue to work post retirement in some other organization or in form of being self-employed. Lastly, the potential of elderly should be utilized by the society through voluntary service or unpaid work
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