"Ethnographic Romanticism" in N.A. Durova’s Stories "Sulfur Key" and E.A. Gan’s "Utballa"

The article considers N. A. Durova's novels "The Sulphur Key" and E.A. Gan's "Utballa". A. Gan's "Utballa" as an example of romantic prose and, at the same time, the presence of ethnographic elements in the novels gives grounds to speak of "ethnographic romanticism". Romantic poetics demonstrated a strong interest in national originality of the people. This explains the presence of ethnographic elements in the novels, which describe the way of life of foreign ethnic groups (Cheremis and Kalmyks), customs, rituals, traditions and their mythology, and which function in the novels in different ways: in "Sernyi Kluch" they help create a romantic twoworld and its "peak" - the main character's character, whereas in "Utballa" ethnographic elements create an image of a diverse world full of vicissitudes, in which a real man in the guise of a woman preserves her deep spirituality to the end. The novels of Durova and Gan investigate the similarities and differences in the representation of the image of a foreign ethnic group and the archetype of national consciousness. The stories have much in common, which is due to the gender peculiarities embodied through ethnographic images. Ethnographic elements allow one to see a people and its traditions in all their identity and beauty. In the novels, ethnography is used as a leading expressive medium, providing information on the mentality of the people, their moral norms and national history. In their everyday scenes and pictures, the authors saturate the narration with folk tales that are an integral part and essential element of the characterization of the hero. The description of everyday life is given in realistic tones (rituals of religious services, weddings) and filled with rich colours and vivid details. The life of the people, legends, nature and people's characters merge, conveying the uniqueness of everyday life and a vivid picture of life. Ethnography is a marker of national culture that develops under specific conditions that define its uniqueness: long-established customs and habits, moral notions, everyday life, etc., and it reflects and explains through fiction the realities of life and the characters of its characters as typical representatives of a particular nation. Understanding the life and culture of the people is always based on the writer's life experience and fiction

Conceptions of place in the information practices of the Mahamewnawa Asapuwa Temple community

The findings of a study of the information practices of devotees and monks associated with a Buddhist temple are used to examine the way place is understood, and to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the conceptualisations presented in the literature. An insider approach facilitated the collection of data through interviews of monks and devotees, observations and analysis of websites and social media platforms produced by the temple community. Thematic analysis was used to analyse interview transcripts, the researcher’s field notes and online content. Place can be physical, modified by time, symbolic, created through the affordances of technology and organisational. Three categories of information practices emerged, being cultural, everyday life and organisational information practices. Existing conceptualisations of place in information research, including information grounds, information landscapes and space of flows were insufficient to cover the ways that place was expressed in this study. Understandings of place and associated information practices are tied to cultural knowledge and beliefs. The outsider researcher may only make sense of data through the use of metaphor or analogy. Further analytical and empirical work is essential to develop guidelines for establishing appropriate metaphors.Peer Reviewe

Problematizing Choice: Responsible consumers and sceptical citizens

About the book: Governance, Consumers and Citizens is the first book to bring together a study of governance with consumption, examining the changing place of the consumer as citizen in recent trends in governance, the tensions between competing ideas and practices of consumerism and the active role consumers play in the construction and practice of governance. Radically pushing forward the debate on consumers and governance, this collection outlines new conceptions and posits new policy agendas. Bringing together international experts from political science, history, geography, social policy and media studies, this study shows how governance and consumption are intertwined in crucial aspects of public policy and contemporary politics

Monialainen yhteistyö lastentarhanopettajan arjessa:onnistunut yhteistyö subjektitieteellisesti tarkasteltuna

Tiivistelmä. Tämä pro gradu -tutkielma tarkastelee monialaista yhteistyötä lastentarhanopettajan arjen näkökulmasta onnistuneiden yhteistyökokemusten kautta. Subjektitieteellisen psykologian näkökulmasta kokemuksiin liittyvät subjektiiviset toimintaperusteet (kokemuksellisuus ja toiminta) voidaan nähdä hahmottuvan yhteiskunnallisesti tuotettujen toimintamahdollisuuksiin perustuvana. Näitä mahdollisuuksia sekä rajoituksia tutkielma pyrkii selvittämään. Tämän tutkielman empiirinen tarkastelu lähtee liikkeelle arjen kokemuksesta pyrkien perustellun osallisuuden keinoin valottamaan sekä yksilöllisiä toimintaperusteita että arkeen kotoutuneita yhteiskunnallisia ja yhteisöllisiä rakenteita, jotka ovat edistäneet yhteistyötä tai ovat mahdollisesti esteenä. Kirjallisuusosio pyrkii avaamaan monialaisen yhteistyön yhteiskunnallisesti tuotettuja, kirjattuja toimintamahdollisuuksia ja velvoitteita lähtien liikkeelle varhaiskasvatus- ja opetuslain määräyksistä päätyen eräässä kunnassa paikallisesti sovittuihin ja kirjattuihin käytänteisiin. Empiirinen tutkimusaineisto koostuu kahdeksasta kyselyvastauksesta ja yhdestä haastattelusta. Kyselyvastauksista rakennettiin osallisuuden analyysin avulla perustelumalleja, joita syvennettiin haastattelulla. Perustelumalli toimii analysointiyksikkönä jäsennettäessä kokemuksen yhteiskunnallista ja yhteisöllistä värittyneisyyttä. Empiirisen aineiston perusteella monialainen yhteistyö tapahtuu usein palavereissa. Palavereiden onnistuminen oli keskeisessä asemassa onnistuneeksi koetussa yhteistyössä. Palavereiden onnistumisen kannalta nähtiin tärkeänä, että keskustelua käytiin edeltävästi ja että palaverissa oli oikeasti lapsen asiat tuntevat henkilöt. Lastentarhanopettajan näkökulmasta tarkasteltuna kyselyvastauksista hahmottui kolme teemaa: lapsen kehityksen tukeminen, lapsen kasvuolosuhteista nousseen huolen käsittely ja yhteistyö erityislastentarhanopettajan kanssa. Kyselyvastauksista viidessä kahdeksasta kuvailtiin lastentarhanopettajan silmin onnistunutta yhteistyötä lapsen toiminnan kannalta. Näissä vastauksissa nousivat esiin lapsen onnistumisen kokemukset, ymmärretyksi ja osaksi ryhmää tuleminen sekä keskittymisen paraneminen. Tutkimusaineiston perusteella yhteistyötä rajoittavia rakenteita olivat tiedonkulun tiukka sääntely sosiaalityöntekijöiden ja neuvolan suuntaan. Mahdollistavina rakenteina nähtiin lapset puheeksi -menetelmä, terapeuttien vierailu päiväkodissa sekä selkeä ja järkevä työnjako.The multiprofessional collaboration in kindergarten teacher’s everyday life. Abstract. This study focused on experiences of kindergarten teachers about successful multiprofessional collaboration in teacher’s everyday life. The objective of this research is to create knowledge about practices in multiprofessional collaboration. The starting point of this study is the everyday experience of kindergarten teacher. Subject-oriented psychology provides a perspective to person’s subjective grounds for action also in everyday life. Person’s subjective grounds take shape through societally produced possibilities (both for action and experience) This study uses the fabrics of grounds to explore the personal grounds and stances of kindergarten teachers, but also to explore the social and communal structures, which influences the everyday life of kindergarten and multiprofessional collaboration. This study consists of two parts, literal and empirical. The aim of literal part is to describe the societal produced and written possibilities of action such as national laws and regulations, and locally agreed written practices in one commune. The empirical part includes survey (eight answers) and one interview. The fabrics of grounds was used as an analyzing unit in this study. According to the survey data the multiprofessional collaboration happened in meetings. The success of the meetings played crucial role in successful collaboration. Those who surveyed thought it important that dialogue was started before the meetings and the persons who knew the child, were there in the meetings. Three themes arose from the survey: supporting child’s development, dealing the concern about home condition and collaboration with special education teacher. This study was also interested in successful multiprofessional collaboration from child’s perspective, more accurately, how successful collaboration is seen in child’s everyday life from kindergarten teacher’s point of view. Five survey answers related to this. When child’s perspective of a successful collaboration was described in answers, the teachers highlighted child’s individual experience of success, child’s being understood and becoming involved with his group, and child’s better ability to concentrate. According to research material there were restrictive structures in collaboration such as strict rules for communicating confidential information between kindergarten and social workers and child welfare clinic. There were also empowering structures like Let’s Talk about Children method, speech and occupational therapists’ visits to kindergarten and effective distribution of work

Avatares de la brecha digital. Desigualdades en el acceso y uso de nuevas tecnologías en la juventud de Cochabamba

The article discusses the conceptualization of the digital divide as unequal access to Information and Communication Technologies. Analyzing the data collected within the survey “Youth in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Their leisure time and their access to information and communication technologies”, it synthesizes the issues that express most clearly access, knowledge, and use divides. Although ICT became an indispensable tool for everyday life for most youngsters, they express, reproduce and produce social inequalities. The digital divide adopts diverse avatars that plant their roots in socio-economic grounds (unequal connectivity), gender (“screen fright” and differentiated uses), and age issues (new technologies are still youth technologies), amongst others

The Dark Side of Morality: Group Polarization and Moral Epistemology

This article argues that philosophers and laypeople commonly conceptualize moral truths or justified moral beliefs as discoverable through intuition, argument, or some other purely cognitive or affective process. It then contends that three empirically well-supported theories all predict that this ‘Discovery Model’ of morality plays a substantial role in causing social polarization. The same three theories are then used to argue that an alternative ‘Negotiation Model’ of morality—according to which moral truths are not discovered but instead created by actively negotiating compromises—promises to reduce polarization by fostering a progressive willingness to ‘work across the aisle’ to settle moral issues cooperatively. This article then examines potential methods for normatively evaluating polarization, arguing there are prima facie reasons to favor the Negotiation Model over the Discovery Model based on their hypothesized effects on polarization. Finally, I outline avenues for further empirical and philosophical research