637,859 research outputs found
A European perspective on auditory processing disorder-current knowledge and future research focus
Current notions of \u201chearing impairment,\u201d as reflected in clinical audiological practice,
do not acknowledge the needs of individuals who have normal hearing pure tone
sensitivity but who experience auditory processing difficulties in everyday life that are
indexed by reduced performance in other more sophisticated audiometric tests such
as speech audiometry in noise or complex non-speech sound perception. This disorder,
defined as \u201cAuditory Processing Disorder\u201d (APD) or \u201cCentral Auditory Processing
Disorder\u201d is classified in the current tenth version of the International Classification of
diseases as H93.25 and in the forthcoming beta eleventh version. APDs may have
detrimental effects on the affected individual, with low esteem, anxiety, and depression,
and symptoms may remain into adulthood. These disorders may interfere with learning
per se and with communication, social, emotional, and academic-work aspects of life.
The objective of the present paper is to define a baseline European APD consensus
formulated by experienced clinicians and researchers in this specific field of human
auditory science. A secondary aim is to identify issues that future research needs
to address in order to further clarify the nature of APD and thus assist in optimumdiagnosis and evidence-based management. This European consensus presents the
main symptoms, conditions, and specific medical history elements that should lead to
auditory processing evaluation. Consensus on definition of the disorder, optimum diagnostic
pathway, and appropriate management are highlighted alongside a perspective
on future research focus
Data protection: the challenges facing social networking
The popularity of social networking sites has increased dramatically over the past decade. A recent report indicated that thirty-eight percent of online users have a social networking profile. Many of these social networking site users (SNS users) post or provide personal information over the internet every day. According to the latest OfCom study, the average adult SNS user has profiles on 1.6 sites and most check their profiles at least once every other day. However, the recent rise in social networking activity has opened the door to the misuse and abuse of personal information through identity theft, cyber stalking, and undesirable screenings by prospective employers. Behavioral advertising programs have also misused personal information available on social networking sites. Society is now facing an important question: what level of privacy should be expected and required within the social networking environment
Wood Products and Carbon Storage: Can Increased Production Help Solve the Climate Crisis?
This report draws on a variety of sources to illuminate the greenhouse gas impacts of wood products and wood biomass fuels throughout their life-cycles. While detailed analyses are rare, the picture is complete enough to show the variability of the processing path followed by different types of trees in various parts of the country. Taking the entire life-cycle of these products into account, it becomes clear that an increased use of wood fuels and lumber will have very little net effect on climate change. To the contrary, the impact is as likely to be negative as positive.The report also takes a closer look at the use of forest-carbon offsets in voluntary or regulatory programs. Because such offsets are expected to balance emissions from other sources, it is important that the additional carbon sequestration be real. This document outlines several criteria for carbon offset standards to account for the full effects of harvested wood carbon
Beyond Stemming and Lemmatization: Ultra-stemming to Improve Automatic Text Summarization
In Automatic Text Summarization, preprocessing is an important phase to
reduce the space of textual representation. Classically, stemming and
lemmatization have been widely used for normalizing words. However, even using
normalization on large texts, the curse of dimensionality can disturb the
performance of summarizers. This paper describes a new method for normalization
of words to further reduce the space of representation. We propose to reduce
each word to its initial letters, as a form of Ultra-stemming. The results show
that Ultra-stemming not only preserve the content of summaries produced by this
representation, but often the performances of the systems can be dramatically
improved. Summaries on trilingual corpora were evaluated automatically with
Fresa. Results confirm an increase in the performance, regardless of summarizer
system used.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures, 9 table
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