Globalisation and public health: economic aspects

Globalisation is affecting all aspects of human society. There is increasing economic integration of the countries of the world through trade and investment flows. There is also the spread of socio-cultural influences through education, the mass media and population movements. Globalisation is also affecting healthcare institutions as well as the health of the public. This paper, will discuss certain economic effects of globalisation that impact upon the health of the public. These include the following: population movements, the pharmaceutical industry, foreign investment in healthcare services, the international drug trade (legal drugs such as tobacco as well as illegal drugs), cross-border pollution and the “export of hazard”, the mass media and its effect on health-related behaviour, worldwide weather changes, “structural adjustment programmes” (SAPs) implemented in response to economic crises, and the impact of multilateral organizations on national health policy

The Long March: Survey and Case Studies of Work Injuries in the Pearl River Delta Region

This document is part of a digital collection provided by the Martin P. Catherwood Library, ILR School, Cornell University, pertaining to the effects of globalization on the workplace worldwide.  Special emphasis is placed on labor rights, working conditions, labor market changes, and union organizing.CLW_The_Long_March.pdf: 407 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Overcoming India’s Food Security Challenges: The Role of Intellectual Property Management and Technology Transfer Capacity Building

The growth of the Indian economy after Independence has had little impact on the food security of the country. The paper analyses the development of advanced crop varieties through the use of agricultural technologies (hereinafter agbiotech ) within the technology transfer system, a framework which comprises of the interactions of intellectual property rights law and agricultural research and development in India. Through this, the author argues that agricultural innovation in India is failing due to the absence of connections within the technology transfer system and advocates for the creation of a national program aimed at advancing IP and tech-transfer capacity in agbiotech

The Entrepreneurial President: Proceedings from the Conference “The Entrepreneurial President”

[Excerpt] Each year, the Institute for Community College Development offers a leadership program on critical issues for community colleges. In August 2005, the issue was entrepreneurship. The Entrepreneurial College was a great success, but when it ended, the participants agreed that “if entrepreneurship education is going to succeed at community colleges, presidents need to hear this message.” Therefore, we held a similar program for CEOs, The Entrepreneurial President, in February 2006. What follows are highlights of the presentations and small group discussions from the CEO conference, with some additional materials from the August 2005 program. In this time of increased competition for scarce resources, entrepreneurial community colleges will have an edge. We hope you will use the ideas in this publication, generated by your colleagues, to support entrepreneurship on your campus. The possibilities are limitless, from certificate and degree programs, to business incubators, to “Entrepreneurship Halls of Fame.” The rewards include improved economic opportunities for the community, new donors for campus initiatives, and increased enrollment

Going Global

[Excerpt] What power can counter the growing strength of MNCs and the forces of globalization? National governments have an important role to play, singly and together, as do international institutions of regulation such as the European Commission, the World Trade Organization, and the International Labor Organization (ILO). Equally important, we would suggest, is the countervailing power of modernized labor movements working actively at local, national, and transnational levels. Further, we suggest that in the current era, the renewal of national and local labor movements may in fact depend greatly on increased coordination with the labor movements of other countries. Transnational collaboration will be—and should be—an increasingly important feature of tomorrow\u27s global economy

Academic entrepreneurship : a source of competitive advantage

This�report is the result of a cooperation between�EIM,�Erasmus University�and Indiana University. The study has largely been executed by students of�the assocation�'Le Manageur'�under supervision of�the above institutions. The study evaluates university�spin-offs�in the transfer of� technology from universities into society and provides a comparative case study of spin-off� stimulation. The study concludes that governments that would like to tackle�problems in�knowledge transfer between firms and public institutions should�encourage knowledge institutions to adopt a more proactive stance towards commercialization and cooperation. Stimulating an entrepreneurial spirit and knowledge spin-offs in public research and educational institutions�can help overcome many of the problems in knowledge transfer. This research shows that spin-offs�are�a good supplement to existing transfer mechanisms such as�licensing and contract research. University spin-offs�are a good way to transfer�radical and incremental technologies�to society.�This form of technology transfer does require a strong supporting infrastructure and sufficient entrepreneurial human capital.

Call the midwife! Business incubation, enterprise development and entrepreneurship enablement in developing economies

Enabling domestic entrepreneurship is one pathway for alleviating poverty. In developing economies however, public policies prioritize health and education above entrepreneurship promotion. While international development funding has traditionally supported social and environmental interventions, more recent corporate philanthropic funding has been invested in business incubators to support domestic entrepreneurship. This article examines how business incubation and enterprise development impact on poverty alleviation in developing economies. From the analysis of empirical data gathered from four philanthropy-funded business incubators, their role in how sustainable new venture creation and multiple capital formation contributes to poverty alleviation is explained. The findings contribute to entrepreneurship enablement theory

Key Success Factors for Collaborative Innovation in Silicon Valley

Authors: Jonathan Eng Stensson and Mattias Wessman Supervisors: Charlotta Johnsson, Associate Professor, Department of Automatic Control, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University Stein Kleppestø, Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Lund University Johan Sjöberg, Innovation Program Manager, Ericsson, Stockholm Kristoffer Gronowski, Principal Researcher, Ericsson, Silicon Valley Problematization: Given that collaboration is vital for innovation, a first step is to find a suitable collaboration partner. A company that is looking for a collaboration partner needs to create a suitable value proposition that focuses on the benefits for the potential partner. These needs are complex to understand and might be affected by the surroundings and context of the collaboration. Furthermore, it is probably not enough to know only what the collaboration partner is asking for, but also how to cope with it and make it available. Purpose: The purpose of this master thesis is to facilitate for large multinational technology companies when designing their value proposition toward collaboration partners in Silicon Valley. Methodology: This explorative master thesis started by generating an understanding about the Silicon Valley ecosystem and its characteristics. Through multiple interviews, the empirical data collection apprehended the needs of different players in a collaboration with a large multinational technology company. Deeper interviews, aiming to present a broad range of insights, were conducted to study large multinational technology companies’ thoughts and ways of working to fulfill the players’ needs. A brief literature review was used to complement the findings. Conclusions: The Silicon Valley ecosystem has six main characteristics. The characteristics themselves are not unique but it is instead the critical mass of each individual aspect, and the mixture of them, that characterizes the Silicon Valley ecosystem. In the creation of a suitable value proposition toward collaboration partners, there are many needs that are essential. Large multinational technology companies are well aware of the above needs, but some of them are regarded as complex and challenging to cope with in an optimal manner. Companies in Silicon Valley agree that collaboration with external partners is vital. A large multinational technology company should focus on offering financial incentives such as licensing deals or incentives for increased sales, as well as corporate synergy, as a part of their value proposition toward external partners

Bridging Science to Economy: The Role of Science and Technologic Parks in Innovation Strategies in “Follower” Regions

The concept of Regional Innovation System (RIS) builds upon an integrated perspective of innovation, acknowledging the contribution of knowledge production subsystem, regulatory context and enterprises to a region’s innovative performance. Science and Technology parks can act as a platform to the production of knowledge and its transfer to the economy in the form of spin-offs or simple knowledge spillovers, enhanced by the co-location of R&D university centers and high technology enterprises on site. Although reflecting mainly a science push perspective, they may constitute central nodes in an infrastructural system of competitiveness that articulates other entrepreneurial location sites and bridges Universities to the economy in a more efficient and effective way, being crucial to increasing technology transfer and interchange speed, promoting the technological upgrading of the regional economy. In this paper we discuss the importance of Science and Technology Parks in the building up of a Regional Innovation System, promoting the technological intensification of the economy, a more effective knowledge transfer and sharing and the construction of competitive advantages, with particular importance in follower regions facing structural deficiencies. We oppose to the predominant closed paradigm, which understands science parks’ role in a narrow and “enclavist”, arguing in favor of an open and “integrative” paradigm where the interconnection to other infrastructures and agents boosts the park’s performance and upgrades the regional economies competitiveness infra-structures and innovation capability. We further stress the importance of science parks in signaling capabilities and hence attracting R&D external initiatives, namely, R&D FDI.Science Parks, New technology-based firms, Innovation, Regional Policy