سنجش سطح سواد اطلاعاتی دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی دانشکده علوم توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران بر اساس مدل آیزنبرگ

مقدمه: با توجه به حجم روزافزون اطلاعات، هر فرد نیازمند فراگیری مهارت¬ها و توانمندی¬هایی فراتر از سواد سنتی است. زیرا به‌روز بودن اطلاعات، و درک نیاز به آموزش بیشتر برای تصمیمات مبتنی بر حل مشکل از یک سو و پیشرفت تجربیات مبتنی بر شواهد در بین رشته های پزشکی، بویژه رشته‌های توانبخشی بسیار ضروری است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی سطح سواد اطلاعاتی در بین دانشجویان رشته‌های توانبخشی می‌باشد روش پژوهش: روش پژوهش توصیفی پیمایشی و از نوع کاربردی بر روی 150 نفر از دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی انجام شد که کل این افراد مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. ، ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش نامه‌‌ی استانداردی بود که بر اساس مدل آیزنبرگ و برکویتز به شناسایی مهارت‌ها پرداخته است. شامل 24 سؤال بسته پاسخ در مقیاس پنج درجه‌¬ای لیکرت، شامل شش سؤال (6-1) مربوط به تعریف مسئله، چهار سؤال (10-7) مربوط به راهبردهای جستجوی اطلاعات، یک سؤال (11) مربوط به مکان¬یابی و دسترسی به اطلاعات، سه سؤال (14-12) مربوط به استفاده از اطلاعات، چهار سؤال (18-15) مربوط به ترکیب اطلاعات، شش سؤال (24-19) مربوط به ارزیابی اطلاعات مطرح شد. روایی توسط متخصصان مورد تایید قرار گرفت و پایایی نیز توسط آلفای کرونباخ 96 درصد به دست آمد.جهت تحلیلل داده ‌ها از نسخه 18 نرم افزار SPSS و از آمار توصیفی و آزمون‌هایT-TEST ، تحلیل واریانس ، من ویتنی، کروسکال- والیس و اسپیرمن استفاده شد. یافته¬ها: مهارت جامعه پژوهش در درک نیاز اطلاعاتی (شناخت مساله) با میانگین نمره 6/0 ± 94/2 ، در راهبرد‌های جستجو با میانگین 67/0±96/2، در مکان‌یابی اظلاعات با میانگین نمره88/0± 80/2، در استفاده از اطلاعات با میانگین95/0 ± 76/2، در ترکیب اطلاعات با میانگین80/0 ± 46/2 و از لحاظ ارزیابی اطلاعات با میانگین84/0 ± 93/2 در حد متوسط قرار داشته است.. نتایج کلی پژوهش، میانگین سواد اطلاعاتی دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی دانشکده علوم توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران را با میانگین636/0± 85/2 نشان داده است. در این مطالعه ارتباط آماری معنی‌داری بین مقاطع دکترا و کارشناسی ارشد با سطح سواد اطلاعاتی وجود داشت. نتیجه گیری: وضعیت سطح سواد اطلاعاتی جامعه پژوهش، در سطح متوسط قرار دااشت، لذا توجه بیشتری نسبت به آموزش سواد اطلاعاتی از طریق برگزاری کلاس‌های منسجم و مستمر، با محتوای غنی‌تر، مطابق با فناوری‌های جدید در بین دانشجویان هر رشته توانبخشی باید صورت پذیرد. کارکردها و سیاست‌های آموزشی بازبینی شده و در جهت پیشبرد فرایند پژوهش دانشجویان از متخصصان اطلاع‌رسانی استفاده نمایند. واژه‌های کلیدی: سواد اطلاعاتی، توانبخشی، دانشجویان، مد

A Dialectical Approach to Information Retrieval: Exploring a Contradiction in Terms

Information retrieval (IR) is the process of representing the meaning of documents so that people who want the information they contain can retrieve them. It is, therefore, centrally concerned with information and meaning. It is concerned with them both on a pragmatic level in terms of designing and making IR systems, and on a theoretical level in terms of why and how these systems work and what this could have to do with the nature of meaning and information. This thesis is primarily about the theoretical and philosophical issues in IR. The main question discussed is the extent to which an investigation into the relationship between the subjective and the objective can improve our understanding of how meaning and information operate in IR. My thesis is that this relationship is a dialectical one, the subjective and the objective exist in a mutually antagonistic and dependent relationship, and that this new perspective on its nature can be theoretically useful for IR. Thus I develop a new theoretical perspective, the dialectical model, which is then used to improve conceptual clarity in a number of difficult and intractable IR problems. The aim is not to solve these problems but to provide a clearer insight into their nature

The influence of human factors on user's preferences of web-based applications: A data mining approach

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University on 20/12/2010.As the Web is fast becoming an integral feature in many of our daily lives, designers are faced with the challenge of designing Web-based applications for an increasingly diverse user group. In order to develop applications that successfully meet the needs of this user group, designers have to understand the influence of human factors upon users‘ needs and preferences. To address this issue, this thesis presents an investigation that analyses the influence of three human factors, including cognitive style, prior knowledge and gender differences, on users‘ preferences for Web-based applications. In particular, two applications are studied: Web search tools and Web-based instruction tools. Previous research has suggested a number of relationships between these three human factors, so this thesis was driven by three research questions. Firstly, to what extent is the similarity between the two cognitive style dimensions of Witkin‘s Field Dependence/Independence and Pask‘s Holism/Serialism? Secondly, to what extent do computer experts have the same preferences as Internet experts and computer novices have the same preferences as Internet novices? Finally, to what extent are Field Independent users, experts and males alike, and Field Dependent users, novices and females alike? As traditional statistical analysis methods would struggle to effectively capture such relationships, this thesis proposes an integrated data mining approach that combines feature selection and decision trees to effectively capture users‘ preferences. From this, a framework is developed that integrates the combined effect of the three human factors and can be used to inform system designers. The findings suggest that firstly, there are links between these three human factors. In terms of cognitive style, the relationship between Field Dependent users and Holists can be seen more clearly than the relationship between Field Independent users and Serialists. In terms of prior knowledge, although it is shown that there is a link between computer experience and Internet experience, computer experts are shown to have similar preferences to Internet novices. In terms of the relationship between all three human factors, the results of this study highlighted that the links between cognitive style and gender and between cognitive style and system experience were found to be stronger than the relationship between system experience and gender. This work contributes both theory and methodology to multiple academic communities, including human-computer interaction, information retrieval and data mining. In terms of theory, it has helped to deepen the understanding of the effects of single and multiple human factors on users‘ preferences for Web-based applications. In terms of methodology, an integrated data mining analysis approach was proposed and was shown that is able to capture users‘ preferences

Parent's Perception on Authoritative Parenting at Modern Life in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

This study aims to know about the parent’s perception of authoritative parenting based on knowledge, understanding, and implementation. Most of the parents have the perception that the authoritative parenting is ideal parenting for nurture their children, this parenting style emphasizes to give children freedom and opportunity but still under control, becoming the children to independent and discipline. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with the subject is 12 parent’s who used the authoritative parenting style as a respondent. The collecting data cames from the interview, observation, and documentation. Validation data using triangulation method and to analyse data based on Miles and Huberman which is consideration data, display data, drawing and verifying the conclusion. The result of this study is the perception of parents about authoritative parenting in higher, middle, and level qualification lead to in positive ways. Furthermore, most of the respondents in the middle level in the perception of authoritative parenting. The knowledge of authoritative parents is they can explain clearly to describe the authoritative parenting, in the understanding, the parents can analysis parenting style from the did at home, and in the implementation, the parent’s response to their children only when they needed. Keywords: parent, perception, authoritative parenting, modern lif

Diffusion of Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review, and Related Research Synthesis Methods: Patterns, Contexts, and Impact

Like collaboration and interdisciplinary scholarship, research synthesis methods are used to integrate science knowledge. Unlike collaboration and interdisciplinary scholarship, research synthesis is a scientific method researchers apply to systematically and explicitly integrate knowledge from primary research studies to estimate the best answer to a specific question based on accumulated research findings. This study investigates the diffusion and impact of research synthesis methods at the macro- and meso-levels. At the macro-level, diffusion from 1972-2011 is described using bibliometric methods. Relatively modest engagement with the methods in the 1970s and 1980s was followed by increased engagement across a greater diversity of fields in the 1990s. Engagement with the methods continued to increase and spread across fields through the first decade of the 2000s. Engagement with research synthesis methods was strongly correlated with engagement with evidence-based practice (ρ=0.893, p < 0.001) and the number of years a field engaged with the methods (ρ = 0.706, p < 0.001), moderately correlated with engagement with past research (ρ = 0.403, p < 0.001); and modestly correlated with Biglan class (ρ = 0.279, p = 0.011). Five fields, Evolutionary Biology, Conservation Biology, Social Work, Women’s Studies, and Information and Library Science were selected for investigation at the meso-level. Content analysis, topic modeling, and qualitative summaries of literature at the intersections of these fields and research synthesis contextualize the diffusion process and reveal differences and similarities across field contexts. Bibliometric evaluation indicates that adoption of research synthesis contributes to changes in collaboration patterns: a greater number of authors contribute to research syntheses than research reviews in fields where collaboration on research reviews is low. This study provides some evidence that use of the methods has refined rather than replaced roles of traditional research reviews in Social Work; and illustrates interactions between innovations and use contexts. Innovations and their contexts are modified through adaptations influenced by historical contexts, values, and goals that intersect with the innovation use context.Doctor of Philosoph

Digital Rhetoric: Theory, Method, Practice

A survey of a range of disciplines whose practitioners are venturing into the new field of digital rhetoric, examining the history of the ways digital and networked technologies inhabit and shape traditional rhetorical practices as well as considering new rhetorics made possible by current technologie

Evaluation of novel positron emission tomography radiotracers in humans: tissue distribution kinetics and potential for cancer diagnosis and staging

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has emerged as an important decision-making tool in oncology with respect to diagnosis, staging, and assessment of treatment response. We proposed to investigate the ligand binding and retention kinetics of two novel PET/CT tracers in human tumours that do not normally exhibit high [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) uptake, and a third tracer in the context of specific death mechanism. Biological validation of the imaging endpoint included histological correlation with PET/CT data and establishment of an optimum PET/CT methodologies for the probe for implementation into clinical practice. The internal dosimetry and receptor-mediated tumour localisation of the ‘click’ labelled [18F]fluoroethyl triazole octreotate analogue, [18F]FET-βAG-TOCA, in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) were investigated for the first time in humans. The biomarker demonstrated favourable dosimetry, biodistribution and safety. The calculated effective dose over all subjects (mean ± SD) was 0.029 ± 0.004 mSv/MBq. Regarding staging, [18F]FET-βAG-TOCA PET/CT showed high tumoural uptake with high sensitivity (per lesion) compared with [68Ga]DOTATATE PET/CT (92.8% vs 87.5%). Tissue retention kinetics of the novel choline analogue, [18F]fluoromethyl-[1,2-2H4]- choline ([18F]D4-FCH) were investigated in the staging of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The biomarker showed high contrast in lung cancer but poor contrast in bladder cancer. In lung tumours, [18F]D4-FCH uptake was quantitatively lower than [18F]FDG. Pharmacokinetic modelling revealed net tracer influx in tumour consistent with radiotracer phosphorylation via choline kinase, however choline kinase-alpha expression did not correlate with PET parameters. Beyond staging, we evaluated for the first time a caspase-3/7 imaging biomarker, [18F](S)- 1-((1-(2-fluoroethyl)-1H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-5-(2(2,4-difluorophenoxymethyl)- 8 pyrrolidine-1-sulfonyl) ([18F]ICMT-11), for imaging apoptosis and/or necrosis in patients; [18F]FDG-PET is not a marker of caspase-3/7 activation. In breast cancer, lung cancer and lymphoma patients receiving first-line chemotherapy treatment, [18F]ICMT-11 and cytokeratin-18 analysis (blood) were performed. [18F]ICMT-11 showed low uptake pre- and post-chemotherapy in all tumours consistent with unremarkable changes in M30/M60 cytokeratin-18 cleavage products in the breast cohort suggesting a lack of predominantly apoptotic cell death mechanism in responding patients. In lung cancer, multi-parametric [18F]ICMT-11 PET/CT, diffusion weighted (DW-MRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) showed that PET changes were concordant with cell death in the absence of significant perfusion changes. Thus, tumour response could occur in the absence of predominant chemotherapy-induced caspase-3/7 activation measured non-invasively across entire tumour lesions. In conclusion, the optimal clinical context whereby the [18F]ICMT-11 PET endpoint critically determines the outcome of therapy remains to be established.Open Acces

Library Trends 36 (1) 1987: Recent trends in rare book librarianship

published or submitted for publicatio

Emotional Regulation Module Design: The Prevention Againts Child Abuse in Yogyakarta

ABSTRACT This article explains the conceptual framework of an emotional regulation training module designed for parents who commit in act of child abuse in Yogyakarta. In the previous study, 330 parents of early childhood were surveyed in 4 sub-districts in Yogyakarta (Gondomanan, Umbulharjo, Gedongtengen, and Ngampilan) using the closes-ended questionnaire. Data shows 63% of respondents agree that child abuse should not be done and 35% of respondents agree that child abuse can be done only with clear and legal reasons. Surprisingly 98% of respondents reported that they have committed violence to their children physically or non-physically. This phenomena is critical because the parents’ perception about child abuse does not prevent them from committing such behavior. According to the literature review, this condition can be caused by lackness of the emotion regulation of parents. Emotional regulation allows individuals to experience emotional control that initiated from cognitive domain processors that have impact on the affective domain then affects their behavior. A total of 122 parents in the previous study had negative perceptions about their children, namely assuming that they were stubborn children. This condition may negative affections and triggers parents to hurt children. Therefore parents must be able to regulate their emotions to prevent child abuse triggered by anger. Through the results of the research and literature review, we designed an emotional regulation training module for parents who commit in act of child abuse. This emotional regulation training module was developed using Gross (1998) emotional regulation strategies which in five stages that are situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive change, and response modulation. The researcher developed the five stages of the strategy into relevant training activities to increase emotional regulation in parents. The model has been validated by experts and will be trained to parents who commit in child abuse in Yogyakarta. Key Words: emotional regulation, child abuse, parent, early childhood, modul