10 research outputs found
Conflict-Free Coloring of Intersection Graphs
A conflict-free k-coloring of a graph G=(V,E) assigns one of k different colors to some of the vertices such that,
for every vertex v, there is a color that is assigned to exactly one vertex among v and v\u27s neighbors.
Such colorings have applications in wireless networking, robotics, and geometry, and are well studied in graph theory.
Here we study the conflict-free coloring of geometric intersection graphs.
We demonstrate that the intersection graph of n geometric objects without fatness properties and size restrictions may have conflict-free chromatic number in Omega(log n/log log n) and in Omega(sqrt{log n}) for disks or squares of different sizes;
it is known for general graphs that the worst case is in Theta(log^2 n).
For unit-disk intersection graphs, we prove that it is NP-complete
to decide the existence of a conflict-free coloring
with one color; we also show that six colors always suffice,
using an algorithm that colors unit disk graphs of restricted height with two colors.
We conjecture that four colors are sufficient, which we prove for unit squares instead of unit disks.
For interval graphs, we establish a tight worst-case bound of two
On Colourability of Polygon Visibility Graphs
We study the problem of colouring the visibility graphs of polygons. In particular, we provide
a polynomial algorithm for 4-colouring of the polygon visibility graphs, and prove that the 6-
colourability question is already NP-complete for them
The Dispersive Art Gallery Problem
We introduce a new variant of the art gallery problem that comes from safety issues. In this variant we are not interested in guard sets of smallest cardinality, but in guard sets with largest possible distances between these guards. To the best of our knowledge, this variant has not been considered before. We call it the Dispersive Art Gallery Problem. In particular, in the dispersive art gallery problem we are given a polygon ? and a real number ?, and want to decide whether ? has a guard set such that every pair of guards in this set is at least a distance of ? apart.
In this paper, we study the vertex guard variant of this problem for the class of polyominoes. We consider rectangular visibility and distances as geodesics in the L?-metric. Our results are as follows. We give a (simple) thin polyomino such that every guard set has minimum pairwise distances of at most 3. On the positive side, we describe an algorithm that computes guard sets for simple polyominoes that match this upper bound, i.e., the algorithm constructs worst-case optimal solutions. We also study the computational complexity of computing guard sets that maximize the smallest distance between all pairs of guards within the guard sets. We prove that deciding whether there exists a guard set realizing a minimum pairwise distance for all pairs of guards of at least 5 in a given polyomino is NP-complete.
We were also able to find an optimal dynamic programming approach that computes a guard set that maximizes the minimum pairwise distance between guards in tree-shaped polyominoes, i.e., computes optimal solutions; due to space constraints, details can be found in the full version of our paper [Christian Rieck and Christian Scheffer, 2022]. Because the shapes constructed in the NP-hardness reduction are thin as well (but have holes), this result completes the case for thin polyominoes
Routing in Histograms
Let be an -monotone orthogonal polygon with vertices. We call
a simple histogram if its upper boundary is a single edge; and a double
histogram if it has a horizontal chord from the left boundary to the right
boundary. Two points and in are co-visible if and only if the
(axis-parallel) rectangle spanned by and completely lies in . In the
-visibility graph of , we connect two vertices of with an edge
if and only if they are co-visible.
We consider routing with preprocessing in . We may preprocess to
obtain a label and a routing table for each vertex of . Then, we must be
able to route a packet between any two vertices and of , where each
step may use only the label of the target node , the routing table and
neighborhood of the current node, and the packet header.
We present a routing scheme for double histograms that sends any data packet
along a path whose length is at most twice the (unweighted) shortest path
distance between the endpoints. In our scheme, the labels, routing tables, and
headers need bits. For the case of simple histograms, we obtain a
routing scheme with optimal routing paths, -bit labels, one-bit
routing tables, and no headers.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figure
Coloring polygon visibility graphs and their generalizations
Curve pseudo-visibility graphs generalize polygon and pseudo-
polygon visibility graphs and form a hereditary class of
graphs. We prove that every curve pseudo-visibility graph
with clique number ω has chromatic number at most 3 · 4ω−1.
The proof is carried through in the setting of ordered graphs;
we identify two conditions satisfied by every curve pseudo-
visibility graph (considered as an ordered graph) and prove
that they are sufficient for the claimed bound. The proof is
algorithmic: both the clique number and a coloring with the
claimed number of colors can be computed in polynomial time
LIPIcs, Volume 248, ISAAC 2022, Complete Volume
LIPIcs, Volume 248, ISAAC 2022, Complete Volum