Piracy prevention methods in software business

Abstract. There are various forms of piracy in software business, and many prevention techniques have been developed against them. Forms of software piracy are, for example, cracks and serials, softlifting and hard disk loading, internet piracy and software counterfeiting, mischanneling, reverse engineering, and tampering. There are various prevention methods that target these types of piracy, although all of these methods have been broken. The piracy prevention measures can be divided into ethical, legal, and technical measures. Technical measures include measures like obfuscation and tamper-proofing, for example. However, relying on a single method does not provide complete protection from attacks against intellectual property, so companies wishing to protect their product should consider combining multiple methods of piracy prevention

A Property Rights Enforcement and Pricing Model for IIoT Data Marketplaces

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :공과대학 협동과정 기술경영·경제·정책전공,2019. 8. Jörn Altmann.The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has become a valuable data source for products and services based on advanced data analytics. However, evidence suggests that industries are suffering a significant loss of value creation from insufficient IIoT data sharing. We argue that the limited utilization of the Sensing as a Service business model is caused by the economic and technological characteristics of sensor data, and the corresponding absence of applicable digital rights management models. Therefore, we propose a combined property rights enforcement and pricing model to solve the IIoT data sharing incentive problem.산업용 사물 인터넷 (IIoT) 데이터가 제품과 서비스를 위한 중요한 고급 데이터 소스로 여겨지고 있지만, 여전히 수 많은 기업들은 불충분한 산업용 사물 인터넷 데이터 공유 시스템으로 인하여 고충을 겪고 있다. 방대한 분량의 산업용 데이터가 제대로 거래되지 못하고 있으며, 이는 데이터의 커다란 가치 손실로 이어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 서비스로서의 센싱 (Sensing as a Service) 비지니스 모델이 한정적으로 적용되고 있는 원인이 해당 정보의 경제적, 기술적 특징들을 반영하는 디지털 권리 시스템의 부재에 기인한다고 보고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 산업용 사물 인터넷 데이터에 대한 지적재산권 집행 시스템과 데이터 가격산정 모델을 제안하여 산업용 사물 인터넷 데이터 공유 인센티브 문제를 해결하고자 한다.1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Problem Description 6 1.3 Research Objective and Question 8 1.4 Methodology 8 1.5 Contributions 9 1.6 Structure 10 2 Literature Review 11 2.1 Sensing as a Service 11 2.2 Economic Characteristics of IIoT Data 14 2.2.1 Property Rights of Data 18 2.2.2 Licensing of IIoT Data 23 2.3 IIoT Data Marketplaces 25 2.3.1 Use-cases and Value Propositions 30 2.3.2 Market Structures and Pricing Models 34 2.4 Digital Rights Management for IIoT 36 3 Model 44 3.1 Assumptions 45 3.2 Watermarking Technique 47 3.2.1 Function 48 3.2.2 Example 50 3.2.3 Robustness 51 3.3 Economic Reasoning 54 3.3.1 The Quality Gap 55 3.3.2 Cost of Watermarking (CoW) 57 3.3.3 Cost of Attacking (CoA) 58 4 Analytical Analysis 60 4.1 Equilibrium Between CoW and CoA 60 4.2 Determining the Optimal Quality Gap 62 4.3 Applicability of the Quality Gap Function 64 5 Conclusion 66 5.1 Summary 66 5.2 Discussion 66 6 Limitations and Future Research 68 References 70 Abstract (Korean) 79Maste

A Survey of hardware protection of design data for integrated circuits and intellectual properties

International audienceThis paper reviews the current situation regarding design protection in the microelectronics industry. Over the past ten years, the designers of integrated circuits and intellectual properties have faced increasing threats including counterfeiting, reverse-engineering and theft. This is now a critical issue for the microelectronics industry, mainly for fabless designers and intellectual properties designers. Coupled with increasing pressure to decrease the cost and increase the performance of integrated circuits, the design of a secure, efficient, lightweight protection scheme for design data is a serious challenge for the hardware security community. However, several published works propose different ways to protect design data including functional locking, hardware obfuscation, and IC/IP identification. This paper presents a survey of academic research on the protection of design data. It concludes with the need to design an efficient protection scheme based on several properties