10,374 research outputs found
Fast and Accurate ISAR Focusing Based on a Doppler Parameter Estimation Algorithm
This letter deals with inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) autofocusing of noncooperative moving targets. The relative motion between the target and the sensor, which provides the angular diversity necessary for ISAR imagery, is also responsible for unwanted range migration and phase changes generating defocusing. In the case of noncooperative targets, the relative motion is unknown: the ISAR needs, hence, to implement an autofocus step [motion compensation (MoCo)] to achieve high resolution imaging. This task is typically carried out via the optimization of functionals based on general image quality parameters. In this letter, we propose the use of a fast and accurate MoCo algorithm based on the estimation of the Doppler parameters, thus fully coping with the nature of the imaging system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proven on both simulated data and data acquired by operational systems
Automatic refocus and feature extraction of single-look complex SAR signatures of vessels
In recent years, spaceborne synthetic aperture radar ( SAR) technology has been considered as a complement to cooperative vessel surveillance systems thanks to its imaging capabilities. In this paper, a processing chain is presented to explore the potential of using basic stripmap single-look complex ( SLC) SAR images of vessels for the automatic extraction of their dimensions and heading. Local autofocus is applied to the vessels' SAR signatures to compensate blurring artefacts in the azimuth direction, improving both their image quality and their estimated dimensions. For the heading, the orientation ambiguities of the vessels' SAR signatures are solved using the direction of their ground-range velocity from the analysis of their Doppler spectra. Preliminary results are provided using five images of vessels from SLC RADARSAT-2 stripmap images. These results have shown good agreement with their respective ground-truth data from Automatic Identification System ( AIS) records at the time of the acquisitions.Postprint (published version
Factorized Geometrical Autofocus for Synthetic Aperture Radar Processing
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is a very useful resource for the civilian remote sensing
community and for the military. This however presumes that images are focused. There are several
possible sources for defocusing effects. For airborne SAR, motion measurement errors is the main
cause. A defocused image may be compensated by way of autofocus, estimating and correcting
erroneous phase components.
Standard autofocus strategies are implemented as a separate stage after the image formation
(stand-alone autofocus), neglecting the geometrical aspect. In addition, phase errors are usually
assumed to be space invariant and confined to one dimension. The call for relaxed requirements
on inertial measurement systems contradicts these criteria, as it may introduce space variant phase
errors in two dimensions, i.e. residual space variant Range Cell Migration (RCM).
This has motivated the development of a new autofocus approach. The technique, termed the
Factorized Geometrical Autofocus (FGA) algorithm, is in principle a Fast Factorized Back-Projection
(FFBP) realization with a number of adjustable (geometry) parameters for each factorization step.
By altering the aperture in the time domain, it is possible to correct an arbitrary, inaccurate geometry. This in turn indicates that the FGA algorithm has the capacity to compensate for residual
space variant RCM.
In appended papers the performance of the algorithm is demonstrated for geometrically constrained autofocus problems. Results for simulated and real (Coherent All RAdio BAnd System II
(CARABAS II)) Ultra WideBand (UWB) data sets are presented. Resolution and Peak to SideLobe
Ratio (PSLR) values for (point/point-like) targets in FGA and reference images are similar within
a few percents and tenths of a dB.
As an example: the resolution of a trihedral
reflector in a reference image and in an FGA image
respectively, was measured to approximately 3.36 m/3.44 m in azimuth, and to 2.38 m/2.40 m in
slant range; the PSLR was in addition measured to about 6.8 dB/6.6 dB.
The advantage of a geometrical autofocus approach is clarified further by comparing the FGA
algorithm to a standard strategy, in this case the Phase Gradient Algorithm (PGA)
Proceedings of the third French-Ukrainian workshop on the instrumentation developments for HEP
The reports collected in these proceedings have been presented in the third
French-Ukrainian workshop on the instrumentation developments for high-energy
physics held at LAL, Orsay on October 15-16. The workshop was conducted in the
scope of the IDEATE International Associated Laboratory (LIA). Joint
developments between French and Ukrainian laboratories and universities as well
as new proposals have been discussed. The main topics of the papers presented
in the Proceedings are developments for accelerator and beam monitoring,
detector developments, joint developments for large-scale high-energy and
astroparticle physics projects, medical applications.Comment: 3rd French-Ukrainian workshop on the instrumentation developments for
High Energy Physics, October 15-16, 2015, LAL, Orsay, France, 94 page
Binarity as a key factor in protoplanetary disk evolution: Spitzer disk census of the eta Chamaeleontis cluster
The formation of planets is directly linked to the evolution of the
circumstellar (CS) disk from which they are born. The dissipation timescales of
CS disks are, therefore, of direct astrophysical importance in evaluating the
time available for planet formation. We employ Spitzer Space Telescope spectra
to complete the CS disk census for the late-type members of the ~8 Myr-old eta
Chamaeleontis star cluster. Of the 15 K- and M-type members, eight show excess
emission. We find that the presence of a CS disk is anti-correlated with
binarity, with all but one disk associated with single stars. With nine single
stars in total, about 80% retain a CS disk. Of the six known or suspected close
binaries the only CS disk is associated with the primary of RECX 9. No
circumbinary disks have been detected. We also find that stars with disks are
slow rotators with surface values of specific angular momentum j = 2-15 j_sun.
All high specific angular momentum systems with j = 20-30 j_sun are confined to
the primary stars of binaries. This provides novel empirical evidence for
rotational disk locking and again demonstrates the much shorter disk lifetimes
in close binary systems compared to single star systems. We estimate the
characteristic mean disk dissipation timescale to be ~5 Myr and ~9 Myr for the
binary and single star systems, respectively.Comment: Accepted by ApJ
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