5 research outputs found
A spatial contextual postclassification method for preserving linear objects in multispectral imagery
Classification of remote sensing multispectral data is important for segmenting images and thematic mapping and is generally the first step in feature extraction. Per-pixel classification, based on spectral information alone, generally produces noisy classification results. The introduction of spatial information has been shown to be beneficial in removing most of this noise. Probabilistic label relaxation (PLR) has proved to be advantageous using second-order statistics; here, we present a modified contextual probabilistic relaxation method based on imposing directional information in the joint probability with third-order statistics. The proposed method was tested in synthetic images and real images; the results are compared with a "Majority" algorithm and the classical PLR method. The proposed third-order method gives the best results, both visually and numerically
A method to better account for modulation transfer functions in ARSIS-based pansharpening methods
International audienceMultispectral (MS) images provided by Earth observation satellites have generally a poor spatial resolution while panchromatic images (PAN) exhibit a spatial resolution two or four times better. Data fusion is a means to synthesize MS images at higher spatial resolution than original by exploiting the high spatial resolution of the PAN. This process is often called pansharpening. The synthesis property states that the synthesized MS images should be as close as possible to those that would have been acquired by the corresponding sensors if they had this high resolution. The methods based on the concept Amélioration de la Résolution Spatiale par Injection de Structures (ARSIS) are able to deliver synthesized images with good spectral quality but whose geometrical quality can still be improved. We propose a more precise definition of the synthesis property in terms of geometry. Then, we present a method that takes explicitly into account the difference in modulation transfer function (MTF) between PAN and MS in the fusion process. This method is applied to an existing ARSIS-based fusion method, i.e., A trou wavelet transform-model 3. Simulated images of the sensors Pleiades and SPOT-5 are used to illustrate the performances of the approach. Although this paper is limited in methods and data, we observe a better restitution of the geometry and an improvement in all indices classically used in quality budget in pansharpening. We present also a means to assess the respect of the synthesis property from an MTF point of view
Assessment of the performance of image fusion for the mapping of snow
The assessment of the performance of multi-resolution image fusion, or image sharpening methods, is difïŹcult. In the context of binary classiïŹcation of snow targets in mountainous terrain, fusion methods were applied to help achieve more accurate mapping. To quantify objectively the gain of information that can be attributed to an increase in spatial resolution, we investigate the Mean Euclidean Distance (MED) between the snowline obtained from the classiïŹcation, and a reference snowline (or a ground truth line), as a relevant indicator to measure both the discrepancy between datasets at different spatial resolutions, and the accuracy of the mapping process. First, a theoretical approach based on aggregating detailed reference images from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and ReïŹection Radiometer (ASTER) showed that the MED has a linear relationship with the pixel size that makes it suitable to assess images of different resolutions. Secondly, we tested the MED to snow maps obtained âwithâ or âwithoutâ applying a fusion method to the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We demonstrated that the MED identiïŹed a signiïŹcant value added, in terms of mapping accuracy, which can be attributed to the fusion process. When the fusion method was applied to four different images, the MED overall decreased by more than 30%. Finally, such a âfeature basedâ quality indicator can also be interpreted as a statistical assessment of the planimetric accuracy of natural pattern outlines.PublishedPeer ReviewedAiazzi, B., Alparone, L., Argenti, F. & Baronti, S. (1999). âWavelet and pyramid techniques for multisensor data fusion: a performance comparison varying with scale ratiosâ In S. B. Serpico (ed.), Proceedings of the SPIE Image Signal Process. For Remote Sensing V. Vol. 3871 SPIE SPIE. pp. 251â262.
Alparone, L., Baronti, S., Garzelli, A. & Nencini, F. (2004). âA global quality measurement of pan-sharpened multispectral imageryâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 1(4): 313â317.
Alparone, L., Wald, L., Chanussot, J., Thomas, Gamba, P. & Bruce, L. M. (2007). âComparison of pansharpening algorithms: outcome of the 2006 GRS-S data fusion contestâ IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 45(10): 3012â3021.
Amolins, K., Zhang, Y. & Dare, P. (2007). âWavelet based image fusion techniques â An introduction, review and comparisonâ Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 62(4): 249â263.
Bendjoudi, H. (2002). âThe gravelius compactness coefïŹcient: critical analysis of a shape index for drainage basinsâ Hydrological Sciences Journal. 47(6): 921â930.
Chen, H. & Varshney, P. K. (2007). âA human perception inspired quality metric for image fusion based on regional informationâ Information Fusion. 8(2): 193â207.
Crane, R. G. & Anderson, M. R. (1984). âSatellite discrimination of snow / cloud surfacesâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 5: 213â223.
Du, Y., Vachon, P. W. & van der Sanden, J. J. (2003). âSatellite image fusion with multiscale wavelet analysis for marine applications: preserving spatial information and minimizing artifacts (PSIMA)â Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing. 29(1): 14â23.
Gao, X., Wang, T. & Li, J. (2005). âA content-based image quality metricâ Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 3642: 231â240. to get.
Garguet-Duport, B., Girel, J., Chassery, J.-M. & Pautou, G. (1996). âThe use of multi-resolution analysis and wavelet transform for merging SPOT panchromatic and multispectral imagery dataâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 62(9): 1057â1066.
GonzĂĄlez-Audicana, M., Otazu, X., Fors, O. & Alvarez-Mozos, J. (2006). âA low computational-cost method to fuse IKONOS images using the spectral response function of its sensorsâ IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 44(6): 1683â1691.
GonzĂĄlez-Audicana, M., Saleta, J. L., CatalĂĄn, R. G. & GarcŽıa, R. (2004). âFusion of multispectral and panchromatic images using improved IHS and PCA mergers based on wavelet decompositionâ IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 42(6): 1291â1299.
Goodchild, M. (1980). âFractals and the accuracy of geographical measuresâ Mathematical Geology. 12(2): 85â98.
Goodchild, M. F. & Mark, D. M. (1987). âThe fractal nature of geographic phenomenaâ Annals of Association of American Geographers. 77(2): 265â278.
Jin, X. Y. & Davis, C. H. (2005). âAutomated building extraction from high-resolution satellite imagery in urban areas using structural, contextual, and spectral informationâ EURASIP Journal of Applied Signal Processing. 2005(14): 2196â2206.
Keshava, N. (2003). âA survey of spectral unmixing algorithmsâ Lincoln Laboratory Journal. 14(1): 55â78.
Lam, N. S.-N. & Quattrochi, D. A. (1992). âOn the issues of scale, resolution, and fractal analysis in the mapping sciencesâ Professional Geographer. 44(1): 88â98.
Laporterie-DĂ©jean, F., de Boissezon, H., Flouzat, G. & LefĂšvre-Fonollosa, M.-J. (2005). âThematic and statistical evaluations of ïŹve panchromatic/multispectral fusion methods on simulated PLEIADES-HR imagesâ Information Fusion. 6(3): 193â212.
Lasaponara, R. & Masini, N. (2005). âQuickBird-based analysis for the spatial characterization of archaeological sites: case study of the Monte Serico medieval villageâ Geophysical Research Letter. 32(12): L12313.
Li, X., He, H. S., Bu, R., Wen, Q., Chang, Y., Hu, Y. & Li, Y. (2005). âThe adequacy of different landscape metrics for various landscape patternsâ Pattern Recognition. 38(12): 2626â2638.
Malpica, J. A. (2007). âHue adjustment to IHS pan-sharpened IKONOS imagery for vegetation enhancementâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 4(1): 27â31.
Nichol, J. & Wong, M. S. (2005). âSatellite remote sensing for detailed landslide inventories using change detection and image fusionâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 26(9): 1913â1926.
Pasqualini, V., Pergent-Martini, C., Pergent, G., Agreil, M., Skoufas, G., Sourbes, L. & Tsirika, A. (2005). âUse of SPOT 5 for mapping seagrasses: An application to Posidonia oceanicaâ Remote Sensing of Environment. 94(1): 39â45.
Petrovic, V. (2007). âSubjective tests for image fusion evaluation and objective metric validationâ Information Fusion. 8(2): 208â216.
Pohl, C. & Genderen, J. L. V. (1998). âMultisensor image fusion in remote sensing: concepts, methods and applicationsâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 19(5): 823â854.
Ranchin, T., Aiazzi, B., Alparone, L., Baronti, S. & Wald, L. (2003). âImage fusionâthe ARSIS concept and some successful implementation schemesâ Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 58: 4â18.
Ranchin, T. & Wald, L. (2000). âFusion of high spatial and spectral resolution images : the ARSIS concept and its implementationâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 66(1): 49â61.
Richter, R. (1998). âCorrection of satellite imagery over mountainous terrainâ Applied Optics. 37(18): 4004â4015.
Shi, W., Zhu, C., Tian, Y. & Nichol, J. (2005). âWavelet-based image fusion and quality assessmentâ International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 6: 241â251.
Sirguey, P., Mathieu, R., Arnaud, Y., Khan, M. M. & Chanussot, J. (2008). âImproving MODIS spatial resolution for snow mapping using wavelet fusion and ARSIS conceptâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 5(1): doi:10.1109/LGRS.2007.908884. In Press.
Toet, A. & Franken, E. M. (2003). âPerceptual evaluation of different image fusion schemesâ Displays. 24(1): 25â37.
Tu, T.-M., Huang, P. S., Hung, C.-L. & Chang, C.-P. (2004). âA fast IntensityâHueâSaturation fusion technique with spectral adjustment for IKONOS imageryâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 1(4): 309â312.
Wald, L. (2000). âQuality of high resolution synthesized images: is there a simple criterion?â Proceedings of the International Conference on Fusion of Earth Data. SEE Gr Ă©ca Sophia Antipolis, France pp. 99â105.
Wald, L., Ranchin, T. & Mangolini, M. (1997). âFusion of satellite images of different spatial resolution: assessing the quality of resulting imagesâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 63(6): 691â699.
Wang, Z. & Bovik, A. C. (2002). âA universal image quality indexâ IEEE Signal Processing Letters. 9(3): 81â84.
Woodcock, C. E. & Strahler, A. H. (1987). âThe factor of scale in remote sensingâ Remote Sensing of Environment. 21(3): 311â332.
Xydeas, C. S. & Petrovic, V. (2000). âObjective image fusion performance measureâ Electronics Letters. 36(4): 308â309.
Zhai, G., Zhang, W., Yang, X. & Xu, Y. (2005). âImage quality assessment metrics based on multi-scale edge presentationâ Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems Design and Implementation. IEEE IEEE. pp. 331â336.
Zhan, Q., Molenaar, M., TempïŹi, K. & Shi, W. (2005). âQuality assessment for geo-spatial objects derived from remotely sensed dataâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 26(14): 2953â2974.
Zhang, W. J. & Kang, J. Y. (2006). âQuickBird panchromatic and multi-spectral image fusion using wavelet packet transformâ Intelligent Control and Automation. 344: 976â981.
Zhang, Y. (2004). âUnderstanding image fusionâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 70(6): 657â661
Assessment of the performance of image fusion for the mapping of snow
The assessment of the performance of multi-resolution image fusion, or image sharpening methods, is difïŹcult. In the context of binary classiïŹcation of snow targets in mountainous terrain, fusion methods were applied to help achieve more accurate mapping. To quantify objectively the gain of information that can be attributed to an increase in spatial resolution, we investigate the Mean Euclidean Distance (MED) between the snowline obtained from the classiïŹcation, and a reference snowline (or a ground truth line), as a relevant indicator to measure both the discrepancy between datasets at different spatial resolutions, and the accuracy of the mapping process. First, a theoretical approach based on aggregating detailed reference images from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and ReïŹection Radiometer (ASTER) showed that the MED has a linear relationship with the pixel size that makes it suitable to assess images of different resolutions. Secondly, we tested the MED to snow maps obtained âwithâ or âwithoutâ applying a fusion method to the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We demonstrated that the MED identiïŹed a signiïŹcant value added, in terms of mapping accuracy, which can be attributed to the fusion process. When the fusion method was applied to four different images, the MED overall decreased by more than 30%. Finally, such a âfeature basedâ quality indicator can also be interpreted as a statistical assessment of the planimetric accuracy of natural pattern outlines.PublishedPeer ReviewedAiazzi, B., Alparone, L., Argenti, F. & Baronti, S. (1999). âWavelet and pyramid techniques for multisensor data fusion: a performance comparison varying with scale ratiosâ In S. B. Serpico (ed.), Proceedings of the SPIE Image Signal Process. For Remote Sensing V. Vol. 3871 SPIE SPIE. pp. 251â262.
Alparone, L., Baronti, S., Garzelli, A. & Nencini, F. (2004). âA global quality measurement of pan-sharpened multispectral imageryâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 1(4): 313â317.
Alparone, L., Wald, L., Chanussot, J., Thomas, Gamba, P. & Bruce, L. M. (2007). âComparison of pansharpening algorithms: outcome of the 2006 GRS-S data fusion contestâ IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 45(10): 3012â3021.
Amolins, K., Zhang, Y. & Dare, P. (2007). âWavelet based image fusion techniques â An introduction, review and comparisonâ Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 62(4): 249â263.
Bendjoudi, H. (2002). âThe gravelius compactness coefïŹcient: critical analysis of a shape index for drainage basinsâ Hydrological Sciences Journal. 47(6): 921â930.
Chen, H. & Varshney, P. K. (2007). âA human perception inspired quality metric for image fusion based on regional informationâ Information Fusion. 8(2): 193â207.
Crane, R. G. & Anderson, M. R. (1984). âSatellite discrimination of snow / cloud surfacesâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 5: 213â223.
Du, Y., Vachon, P. W. & van der Sanden, J. J. (2003). âSatellite image fusion with multiscale wavelet analysis for marine applications: preserving spatial information and minimizing artifacts (PSIMA)â Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing. 29(1): 14â23.
Gao, X., Wang, T. & Li, J. (2005). âA content-based image quality metricâ Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 3642: 231â240. to get.
Garguet-Duport, B., Girel, J., Chassery, J.-M. & Pautou, G. (1996). âThe use of multi-resolution analysis and wavelet transform for merging SPOT panchromatic and multispectral imagery dataâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 62(9): 1057â1066.
GonzĂĄlez-Audicana, M., Otazu, X., Fors, O. & Alvarez-Mozos, J. (2006). âA low computational-cost method to fuse IKONOS images using the spectral response function of its sensorsâ IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 44(6): 1683â1691.
GonzĂĄlez-Audicana, M., Saleta, J. L., CatalĂĄn, R. G. & GarcŽıa, R. (2004). âFusion of multispectral and panchromatic images using improved IHS and PCA mergers based on wavelet decompositionâ IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 42(6): 1291â1299.
Goodchild, M. (1980). âFractals and the accuracy of geographical measuresâ Mathematical Geology. 12(2): 85â98.
Goodchild, M. F. & Mark, D. M. (1987). âThe fractal nature of geographic phenomenaâ Annals of Association of American Geographers. 77(2): 265â278.
Jin, X. Y. & Davis, C. H. (2005). âAutomated building extraction from high-resolution satellite imagery in urban areas using structural, contextual, and spectral informationâ EURASIP Journal of Applied Signal Processing. 2005(14): 2196â2206.
Keshava, N. (2003). âA survey of spectral unmixing algorithmsâ Lincoln Laboratory Journal. 14(1): 55â78.
Lam, N. S.-N. & Quattrochi, D. A. (1992). âOn the issues of scale, resolution, and fractal analysis in the mapping sciencesâ Professional Geographer. 44(1): 88â98.
Laporterie-DĂ©jean, F., de Boissezon, H., Flouzat, G. & LefĂšvre-Fonollosa, M.-J. (2005). âThematic and statistical evaluations of ïŹve panchromatic/multispectral fusion methods on simulated PLEIADES-HR imagesâ Information Fusion. 6(3): 193â212.
Lasaponara, R. & Masini, N. (2005). âQuickBird-based analysis for the spatial characterization of archaeological sites: case study of the Monte Serico medieval villageâ Geophysical Research Letter. 32(12): L12313.
Li, X., He, H. S., Bu, R., Wen, Q., Chang, Y., Hu, Y. & Li, Y. (2005). âThe adequacy of different landscape metrics for various landscape patternsâ Pattern Recognition. 38(12): 2626â2638.
Malpica, J. A. (2007). âHue adjustment to IHS pan-sharpened IKONOS imagery for vegetation enhancementâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 4(1): 27â31.
Nichol, J. & Wong, M. S. (2005). âSatellite remote sensing for detailed landslide inventories using change detection and image fusionâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 26(9): 1913â1926.
Pasqualini, V., Pergent-Martini, C., Pergent, G., Agreil, M., Skoufas, G., Sourbes, L. & Tsirika, A. (2005). âUse of SPOT 5 for mapping seagrasses: An application to Posidonia oceanicaâ Remote Sensing of Environment. 94(1): 39â45.
Petrovic, V. (2007). âSubjective tests for image fusion evaluation and objective metric validationâ Information Fusion. 8(2): 208â216.
Pohl, C. & Genderen, J. L. V. (1998). âMultisensor image fusion in remote sensing: concepts, methods and applicationsâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 19(5): 823â854.
Ranchin, T., Aiazzi, B., Alparone, L., Baronti, S. & Wald, L. (2003). âImage fusionâthe ARSIS concept and some successful implementation schemesâ Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 58: 4â18.
Ranchin, T. & Wald, L. (2000). âFusion of high spatial and spectral resolution images : the ARSIS concept and its implementationâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 66(1): 49â61.
Richter, R. (1998). âCorrection of satellite imagery over mountainous terrainâ Applied Optics. 37(18): 4004â4015.
Shi, W., Zhu, C., Tian, Y. & Nichol, J. (2005). âWavelet-based image fusion and quality assessmentâ International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 6: 241â251.
Sirguey, P., Mathieu, R., Arnaud, Y., Khan, M. M. & Chanussot, J. (2008). âImproving MODIS spatial resolution for snow mapping using wavelet fusion and ARSIS conceptâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 5(1): doi:10.1109/LGRS.2007.908884. In Press.
Toet, A. & Franken, E. M. (2003). âPerceptual evaluation of different image fusion schemesâ Displays. 24(1): 25â37.
Tu, T.-M., Huang, P. S., Hung, C.-L. & Chang, C.-P. (2004). âA fast IntensityâHueâSaturation fusion technique with spectral adjustment for IKONOS imageryâ IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 1(4): 309â312.
Wald, L. (2000). âQuality of high resolution synthesized images: is there a simple criterion?â Proceedings of the International Conference on Fusion of Earth Data. SEE Gr Ă©ca Sophia Antipolis, France pp. 99â105.
Wald, L., Ranchin, T. & Mangolini, M. (1997). âFusion of satellite images of different spatial resolution: assessing the quality of resulting imagesâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 63(6): 691â699.
Wang, Z. & Bovik, A. C. (2002). âA universal image quality indexâ IEEE Signal Processing Letters. 9(3): 81â84.
Woodcock, C. E. & Strahler, A. H. (1987). âThe factor of scale in remote sensingâ Remote Sensing of Environment. 21(3): 311â332.
Xydeas, C. S. & Petrovic, V. (2000). âObjective image fusion performance measureâ Electronics Letters. 36(4): 308â309.
Zhai, G., Zhang, W., Yang, X. & Xu, Y. (2005). âImage quality assessment metrics based on multi-scale edge presentationâ Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems Design and Implementation. IEEE IEEE. pp. 331â336.
Zhan, Q., Molenaar, M., TempïŹi, K. & Shi, W. (2005). âQuality assessment for geo-spatial objects derived from remotely sensed dataâ International Journal of Remote Sensing. 26(14): 2953â2974.
Zhang, W. J. & Kang, J. Y. (2006). âQuickBird panchromatic and multi-spectral image fusion using wavelet packet transformâ Intelligent Control and Automation. 344: 976â981.
Zhang, Y. (2004). âUnderstanding image fusionâ Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 70(6): 657â661