Who Gets the Job? Synthesis of Literature Findings on Provider Success in Crowdsourcing Marketplaces

Background: Over the past decade, crowdsourcing marketplaces — online exchange platforms which facilitate commercial outsourcing of services — have witnessed a dramatic growth in the number of participants (service providers and customers) and the value of outsourced services. Deciding about the most appropriate provider is a key challenge for customers in crowdsourcing marketplaces because available information about providers may be incomplete and sometimes irrelevant for customer decisions. Ineffective information impedes many service providers to develop long-term relationships with customers, obtain projects on a regular basis and survive on crowdsourcing marketplaces. Previous studies have investigated the impact of a range of factors on customers’ choice decisions and providers’ success, given the important role of customer–provider relationship development for long-term success on crowdsourcing marketplaces. Method: This paper reviews the literature of crowdsourcing marketplaces with the aim of developing a comprehensive list of factors that influence customers’ choice decisions and providers’ success. Results: We found 31 conceptually distinct profile information components/factors that determine customers’ choices and providers’ business outcomes on crowdsourcing marketplaces. Conclusion: We classified these 31 factors into five major categories: 1) prior relationship between a customer and a provider or a customer’s invitation, 2) providers’ bidding behavior, 3) crowdsourcing marketplace or auction characteristics, 4) providers’ profile information, and 5) customer characteristics. The main factors in each category, associated considerations, related literature gaps and avenues for future research are discussed in detail

Understanding Crowdsourcing Contest Fitness Strategic Decision Factors and Performance: An Expectation-Confirmation Theory Perspective

Contest-based intermediary crowdsourcing represents a powerful new business model for generating ideas or solutions by engaging the crowd through an online competition. Prior research has examined motivating factors such as increased monetary reward or demotivating factors such as project requirement ambiguity. However, problematic issues related to crowd contest fitness have received little attention, particularly with regard to crowd strategic decision-making and contest outcomes that are critical for success of crowdsourcing platforms as well as implementation of crowdsourcing models in organizations. Using Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT), we take a different approach that focuses on contest level outcomes by developing a model to explain contest duration and performance. We postulate these contest outcomes are a function of managing crowdsourcing participant contest-fitness expectations and disconfirmation, particularly during the bidding process. Our empirical results show that contest fitness expectations and disconfirmation have an overall positive effect on contest performance. This study contributes to theory by demonstrating the adaptability of ECT literature to the online crowdsourcing domain at the level of the project contest. For practice, important insights regarding strategic decision making and understanding how crowd contest-fitness are observed for enhancing outcomes related to platform viability and successful organizational implementation

Motivasi Pengguna Dalam Menggunakan Metode Crowdsourcing Pada Pembuatan Perangkat Lunak

Perkembangan metode pada pengembangan perangkat lunak telah meningkat pada akhir-akhir ini, dengan meningkatnya teknologi dan kebutuhan pasar, metode crowdsourcing telah berkembang dan mendapat tingkat popularitas yang tinggi dikalangan masyarakat. Metode crowdsourcing lebih condong mengandalkan kekuatan orang banyak sebagai kemampuan utama dalam produksinya. Meskipun begitu, sejak crowdsourcing menjadi kekuatan utama baru dan merambah ke dunia pembuatan perangkat lunak, kualitas pada perangkat lunak menjadi dipertanyakan. Crowdsourcing memiliki perbedaan dengan alur pembuatan perangkat lunak secara tradisional seperti Software Life Development Cycle maupun Waterfall Model, selain itu metode crowdsourcing mengandalkan kekuatan keramaian pada saat pembuatanya. Beberapa studi dan jurnal sebelumnya beranggapan bahwa motivasi merupakan kunci utama kesuksesan ketika metode crowdsourcing digunakan untuk memproduksi sebuah produk. Pada studi ini diajukan model yang dikombinasikan dari dua teori utama untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang motivasi penggunaan crowdsourcing untuk pembuatan software yaitu teori self-determination, dan IS success model untuk lebih mengerti tentang hubunganya intensitas pengguna dengan kepuasan pada pengguna pada kasus pengembangan perangkat lunak dengan metode crowdsourcing ==================================================================== Software Development has increased emerging new methods in its development, with the advancement of digitalization, technology and global networking, Crowdsourcing has been developed and gaining popularity among the people. Unlike the outsourcing, crowdsourcing is more emphasis on the power of crowds as major power production. This study will discuss crowdsourcing activity that focused on software development. Software engineering is a process which software is written a complex process without compromising the quality of the software. However, since crowdsourcing software engineering relies on its robust method to produce a software and entirely different from traditional software engineering, their quality are questionable. A major issue in of crowdsourcing is how to attract and to sustain for development. Motivation is a matter that should be investigated further by the researchers for better crowdsourcing development to bring right crowds to the table so it can sustain the crowdsourcing activity. This study discusses more a several factors motivation that can be an impact, an influence to the development of crowdsourcing in software development. To improve these study findings, this study also combines two major theories about self-determination and IS Success Model to investigate further about motivation the users joined crowdsourcing on software development and to understand the impact of user satisfaction in case of crowdsourcing on software developmen

Design elements that influence the participation of solvers in innovation contests

This study analyzes all of the innovation contests, also known as crowdsourcing contests, posted on the Inocrowd platform. Inocrowd is an open innovation intermediary firm, based in Portugal, that hosts crowdsourcing contests for firms, called “seekers” looking to solve innovation challenges. The main aim of this study is to examine to what extent some design elements of crowdsourcing contests can influence the participation of “solvers” in these contests. The design elements considered in this study are the monetary award amount, the project type, the platform maturity and the anonymity of “seeker” firms. We then created a mathematical model that can be used to predict the participation of “solvers” in crowdsourcing contests, based on the design elements examined. This paper contributes to the growing research field of open innovation, particularly crowdsourcing contests hosted by intermediary firms, and will provide managers with a framework for designing innovation contests with more participation.Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar todos os concursos de inovação, ou concursos de crowdsourcing, colocados na plataforma Inocrowd. A Inocrowd e um intermediário de inovação aberta, sediada em Portugal, que coloca concursos de crowdsourcing para empresas, conhecidas como ”seekers”, que procuram resolver desafios de inovação. O objetivo primário deste estudo é examinar até que ponto alguns elementos de design destes concursos de inovação influenciam a participação de investigadores, de nome “solvers”, nestes concursos. Os elementos de design considerados nesta investigação são a valor do prémio monetário, o tipo de projeto, a maturidade da plataforma e o anonimato dos “seekers”. Um modelo matemático foi desenvolvido no âmbito de prever a participação dos “solvers” nos concursos de crowdsourcing colocados na plataforma Inocrowd, baseado nos elementos de design examinados. Este estudo contribui para área de pesquisa crescente que e a Inovação aberta, particularmente na área dos concursos de crowdsourcing colocados por intermediários de inovação, tendo como objetivo fornecer aos gestores uma estrutura para criar concursos de inovação com mais participação

Factors of Successful Management of Information Systems Development Projects

The tradition on IS research has established the so called iron triangle , the three dimensions that characterize the project management success (PMS) if it is delivered on time, within the budget and according to specifications. However, less attention has been given to the continuum characterized by deviations from the baseline from each of these three dimensions. This paper draws on the definition of the PMS continuum and analyzes four potential factors that may influence PMS: team, project manager, project, and portfolio. We develop hypotheses and test them in a hierarchical linear regression using a sample of 899 IS projects of a leading bank, collected between January, 2014 and December, 2015. Besides proposing and discussing a new continuous PMS indicator, we identify factors that influence IS PMS positively (project size, duration, postponement, and project manager formal power) and negatively (team size and team allocation dispersion). The results suggest guidance of team members’ allocation

Proceedings der 11. Internationalen Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI2013) - Band 1

The two volumes represent the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik WI2013 (Business Information Systems). They include 118 papers from ten research tracks, a general track and the Student Consortium. The selection of all submissions was subject to a double blind procedure with three reviews for each paper and an overall acceptance rate of 25 percent. The WI2013 was organized at the University of Leipzig between February 27th and March 1st, 2013 and followed the main themes Innovation, Integration and Individualization.:Track 1: Individualization and Consumerization Track 2: Integrated Systems in Manufacturing Industries Track 3: Integrated Systems in Service Industries Track 4: Innovations and Business Models Track 5: Information and Knowledge ManagementDie zweibändigen Tagungsbände zur 11. Internationalen Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI2013) enthalten 118 Forschungsbeiträge aus zehn thematischen Tracks der Wirtschaftsinformatik, einem General Track sowie einem Student Consortium. Die Selektion der Artikel erfolgte nach einem Double-Blind-Verfahren mit jeweils drei Gutachten und führte zu einer Annahmequote von 25%. Die WI2013 hat vom 27.02. - 01.03.2013 unter den Leitthemen Innovation, Integration und Individualisierung an der Universität Leipzig stattgefunden.:Track 1: Individualization and Consumerization Track 2: Integrated Systems in Manufacturing Industries Track 3: Integrated Systems in Service Industries Track 4: Innovations and Business Models Track 5: Information and Knowledge Managemen

Aligning flexibility with uncertainty in software development arrangements through a contractual typology

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify a typology of procurement contracts in the context of software development projects that allows firms to align design flexibility with design uncertainty at the project level. The theoretical lenses of contract theory and software engineering are used to explain why the five archetypes in the proposed typology provide gradually increasing levels of design flexibility and to develop hypotheses about the associations between design flexibility and a set of project cost dimensions. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses are tested with objective contractual data from 270 software development contracts entered into by a leading international bank over a period of three years. Findings Data analysis confirms the existence of the proposed typology and shows that design flexibility is negatively associated with control and positively associated with coordination, trust, duration and price. Research limitations/implications Although the findings are based on the contracting practices of a single, albeit sophisticated, organization, they shed light on the ability of firms to align flexibility with uncertainty at the onset of new projects by taking advantage of nuanced contractual mechanisms to produce a broader set of contractual archetypes. Originality/value This paper is the first in the outsourcing literature to analyze a nuanced contractual typology in software development projects through the perspectives of both contract theory and software engineering

Quantitative Models in Life Science Business

This open access book explores the field of life science business from a multidisciplinary perspective. Applying statistical, mathematical, game-theoretic, and data science tools to pharmaceutical and biotechnology business endeavors, the book describes value creation, value maintenance, and value realization in the life sciences as a sequence of processes using the quantitative language of applied mathematics. Written by experts from a variety of fields, the contributions illustrate the shift from a deterministic to a stochastic view of the processes involved, offering a new perspective on life sciences economics. The book covers topics such as valuing and managing intellectual property in life science, licensing in the pharmaceutical business, outsourcing pharmaceutical R&D, and stochastic modelling of a pharmaceutical supply chain. The book will appeal to scholars of economics and the life sciences, as well as to professionals in chemical and pharmaceutical industries