2,089 research outputs found
A survey on OFDM-based elastic core optical networking
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a modulation technology that has been widely adopted in many new and emerging broadband wireless and wireline communication systems. Due to its capability to transmit a high-speed data stream using multiple spectral-overlapped lower-speed subcarriers, OFDM technology offers superior advantages of high spectrum efficiency, robustness against inter-carrier and inter-symbol interference, adaptability to server channel conditions, etc. In recent years, there have been intensive studies on optical OFDM (O-OFDM) transmission technologies, and it is considered a promising technology for future ultra-high-speed optical transmission. Based on O-OFDM technology, a novel elastic optical network architecture with immense flexibility and scalability in spectrum allocation and data rate accommodation could be built to support diverse services and the rapid growth of Internet traffic in the future. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on OFDM-based elastic optical network technologies, including basic principles of OFDM, O-OFDM technologies, the architectures of OFDM-based elastic core optical networks, and related key enabling technologies. The main advantages and issues of OFDM-based elastic core optical networks that are under research are also discussed
Optical Network Virtualisation using Multi-technology Monitoring and SDN-enabled Optical Transceiver
We introduce the real-time multi-technology transport layer monitoring to
facilitate the coordinated virtualisation of optical and Ethernet networks
supported by optical virtualise-able transceivers (V-BVT). A monitoring and
network resource configuration scheme is proposed to include the hardware
monitoring in both Ethernet and Optical layers. The scheme depicts the data and
control interactions among multiple network layers under the software defined
network (SDN) background, as well as the application that analyses the
monitored data obtained from the database. We also present a re-configuration
algorithm to adaptively modify the composition of virtual optical networks
based on two criteria. The proposed monitoring scheme is experimentally
demonstrated with OpenFlow (OF) extensions for a holistic (re-)configuration
across both layers in Ethernet switches and V-BVTs
Software Defined Networks based Smart Grid Communication: A Comprehensive Survey
The current power grid is no longer a feasible solution due to
ever-increasing user demand of electricity, old infrastructure, and reliability
issues and thus require transformation to a better grid a.k.a., smart grid
(SG). The key features that distinguish SG from the conventional electrical
power grid are its capability to perform two-way communication, demand side
management, and real time pricing. Despite all these advantages that SG will
bring, there are certain issues which are specific to SG communication system.
For instance, network management of current SG systems is complex, time
consuming, and done manually. Moreover, SG communication (SGC) system is built
on different vendor specific devices and protocols. Therefore, the current SG
systems are not protocol independent, thus leading to interoperability issue.
Software defined network (SDN) has been proposed to monitor and manage the
communication networks globally. This article serves as a comprehensive survey
on SDN-based SGC. In this article, we first discuss taxonomy of advantages of
SDNbased SGC.We then discuss SDN-based SGC architectures, along with case
studies. Our article provides an in-depth discussion on routing schemes for
SDN-based SGC. We also provide detailed survey of security and privacy schemes
applied to SDN-based SGC. We furthermore present challenges, open issues, and
future research directions related to SDN-based SGC.Comment: Accepte
View on 5G Architecture: Version 1.0
The current white paper focuses on the produced results after one year research mainly from 16 projects working on the abovementioned domains. During several months, representatives from these projects have worked together to identify the key findings of their projects and capture the commonalities and also the different approaches and trends. Also they have worked to determine the challenges that remain to be overcome so as to meet the 5G requirements. The goal of 5G Architecture Working Group is to use the results captured in this white paper to assist the participating projects achieve a common reference framework. The work of this working group will continue during the following year so as to capture the latest results to be produced by the projects and further elaborate this reference framework. The 5G networks will be built around people and things and will natively meet the requirements of three groups of use cases: • Massive broadband (xMBB) that delivers gigabytes of bandwidth on demand • Massive machine-type communication (mMTC) that connects billions of sensors and machines • Critical machine-type communication (uMTC) that allows immediate feedback with high reliability and enables for example remote control over robots and autonomous driving. The demand for mobile broadband will continue to increase in the next years, largely driven by the need to deliver ultra-high definition video. However, 5G networks will also be the platform enabling growth in many industries, ranging from the IT industry to the automotive, manufacturing industries entertainment, etc. 5G will enable new applications like for example autonomous driving, remote control of robots and tactile applications, but these also bring a lot of challenges to the network. Some of these are related to provide low latency in the order of few milliseconds and high reliability compared to fixed lines. But the biggest challenge for 5G networks will be that the services to cater for a diverse set of services and their requirements. To achieve this, the goal for 5G networks will be to improve the flexibility in the architecture. The white paper is organized as follows. In section 2 we discuss the key business and technical requirements that drive the evolution of 4G networks into the 5G. In section 3 we provide the key points of the overall 5G architecture where as in section 4 we elaborate on the functional architecture. Different issues related to the physical deployment in the access, metro and core networks of the 5G network are discussed in section 5 while in section 6 we present software network enablers that are expected to play a significant role in the future networks. Section 7 presents potential impacts on standardization and section 8 concludes the white paper
Experimental SDN Control Solutions for Automatic Operations and Management of 5G Services in a Fixed Mobile Converged Packet-Optical Network
5G networks will impose network operators to
accommodate services demanding heterogeneous and stringent
requirements in terms of increased bandwidth, reduced latency,
higher availability, etc. as well as enabling emerging capabilities
such as slicing. Operators will be then forced to make notable
investments in their infrastructure but the revenue is not
envisaged to be proportional. Thereby, operators are seeking for
more cost-effective solutions to keep their competitiveness. An
appealing solution is to integrate all (broadband) services
including both fixed and mobile in a convergent way. This is
referred to as Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC). FMC allows
seamlessly serving any kind of access service over the same
network infrastructure (access, aggregation and core) and relying
on common set of control and operation functions. To this end,
FMC leverages the benefits provided by Software Defined
Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV).
First, we discuss some of the explored FMC solutions and
technologies, from both structural and functional perspectives
Next, focusing on a Multi-Layer (Packet and Optical) Aggregation
Network, we report two implemented and experimentally
validated SDN/NFV orchestration architectures providing feasibleThis work has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministry
MINECO projects DESTELLO (TEC2015-69256-R) and 5G-REFINE
(TEC2017-88373-R), and the EU H2020 5G TRANSFORMER project
(grant no. 761536)
Virtual-Mobile-Core Placement for Metro Network
Traditional highly-centralized mobile core networks (e.g., Evolved Packet
Core (EPC)) need to be constantly upgraded both in their network functions and
backhaul links, to meet increasing traffic demands. Network Function
Virtualization (NFV) is being investigated as a potential cost-effective
solution for this upgrade. A virtual mobile core (here, virtual EPC, vEPC)
provides deployment flexibility and scalability while reducing costs,
network-resource consumption and application delay. Moreover, a distributed
deployment of vEPC is essential for emerging paradigms like Multi-Access Edge
Computing (MEC). In this work, we show that significant reduction in
networkresource consumption can be achieved as a result of optimal placement of
vEPC functions in metro area. Further, we show that not all vEPC functions need
to be distributed. In our study, for the first time, we account for vEPC
interactions in both data and control planes (Non-Access Stratum (NAS)
signaling procedure Service Chains (SCs) with application latency requirements)
using a detailed mathematical model
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