3 research outputs found

    MATRIX DECOMPOSITION FOR DATA DISCLOSURE CONTROL AND DATA MINING APPLICATIONS

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    Access to huge amounts of various data with private information brings out a dual demand for preservation of data privacy and correctness of knowledge discovery, which are two apparently contradictory tasks. Low-rank approximations generated by matrix decompositions are a fundamental element in this dissertation for the privacy preserving data mining (PPDM) applications. Two categories of PPDM are studied: data value hiding (DVH) and data pattern hiding (DPH). A matrix-decomposition-based framework is designed to incorporate matrix decomposition techniques into data preprocessing to distort original data sets. With respect to the challenge in the DVH, how to protect sensitive/confidential attribute values without jeopardizing underlying data patterns, we propose singular value decomposition (SVD)-based and nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF)-based models. Some discussion on data distortion and data utility metrics is presented. Our experimental results on benchmark data sets demonstrate that our proposed models have potential for outperforming standard data perturbation models regarding the balance between data privacy and data utility. Based on an equivalence between the NMF and K-means clustering, a simultaneous data value and pattern hiding strategy is developed for data mining activities using K-means clustering. Three schemes are designed to make a slight alteration on submatrices such that user-specified cluster properties of data subjects are hidden. Performance evaluation demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed strategy since some optimal solutions can be computed with zero side effects on nonconfidential memberships. Accordingly, the protection of privacy is simplified by one modified data set with enhanced performance by this dual privacy protection. In addition, an improved incremental SVD-updating algorithm is applied to speed up the real-time performance of the SVD-based model for frequent data updates. The performance and effectiveness of the improved algorithm have been examined on synthetic and real data sets. Experimental results indicate that the introduction of the incremental matrix decomposition produces a significant speedup. It also provides potential support for the use of the SVD technique in the On-Line Analytical Processing for business data analysis

    Estudo de parâmetros do método Multigrid para sistemas de equações 2D em CFD

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    Resumo: A influência de alguns parâmetros do método multigrid geométrico sobre o tempo de CPU para diferentes modelos matemáticos é investigada. Os parâmetros investigados são: número de iterações internas do solver (); número de níveis de malha (L); tamanho do problema (N); esquemas CS e FAS para dois modelos; e o efeito causado pelo número de equações diferenciais em dois modelos matemáticos. Os parâmetros são estudados para a equação de Laplace, equações de Navier (Termoelasticidade linear), equações de Burgers e de Navier-Stokes para escoamento incompressível; nas equações de Navier-Stokes discute-se também o efeito do número de Reynolds. Para o método multigrid, são feitas simulações com iterações internas = 1, 2, 3, · · · , 10 e = 15, e, no caso das quações de Navier-Stokes, o necessário para confirmar a tendência. O número de níveis de malhas varia de L = 2 a L = Lmáximo com N = 5×5, 9×9, 17×17, · · · , 1025×1025. O desempenho do método multigrid nas equações de Navier-Stokes é comparado nas formulações função de corrente e velocidade ( - v) e função de corrente e vorticidade ( - !). As equações são usadas na forma bidimensional e em regime estacionário. Os algoritmos multigrid CS (Correction Scheme) e FAS (Full Approximation Scheme) são implementados para a equação de Laplace e equações de Navier. Para as equações de Burgers e de Navier-Stokes implementa-se o algoritmo FAS. As equações diferenciais parciais são discretizadas com o Método de Diferenças Finitas em malhas uniformes nas duas direções. Os sistemas de equações algébricas são resolvidos com o solver MSI (Modified Strongly Implicit), e no caso das equações de Navier-Stokes com o SOR (Successive Over-Relaxation), ambos associados ao método multigrid geométrico com ciclo V e razão de engrossamento dois. As informações foram transferidas entre as malhas com injeção na restrição e interpolação bilinear na prolongação. Apenas na formulação função de corrente e velocidade utilizouse a ponderação completa na restrição. Verificou-se principalmente que: o esquema FAS apresentou melhor desempenho que o CS nos problemas lineares; a redução do fator de aceleração do método multigrid não é causado pelo acoplamento das equações; a formulação - v apresentou maiores fatores de aceleração que a formulação - !, mas o tempo de execução do singlegrid com -! é menor que -v; as soluções da formulação - v são mais acuradas que as soluções da formulação - !, inclusive em malhas grossas. Os resultados foram comparados com método singlegrid e resultados disponíveis na literatura

    Modelling bladder-collapse flow

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    The thesis is concerned with the modelling of urinary motion during bladder collapse and is mathematically based. The bladder model as a collapsing vessel is developed as a step towards complementing use of nomograms. Urine motion inside is taken as unsteady flow of incompressible fluid, while the dimensions and collapse rate of the vessel are prescribed using data which is close to realistic biological values. Evolutions of velocities, volume ow rates and effects of the collapse rate are examined. An introduction is made which includes lower urinary tract urodynamics as well as the unique feature that the bladder changes shape and size substantially compared with other vessels. An investigation of simple two-dimensional shapes takes place in chapter two, along with limiting cases for thin vessels. Chapter three analyses simple axisymmetric shapes especially the sphere because of its relevance in addition to its fundamental nature. Development of a numerical scheme is addressed in the next chapter to tackle more complex shapes through the boundary element method and an iterative finite difference scheme with emphasis on flexibility of approach. An extension to more advanced structures of the vessel is constructed in chapter five by means of a concise boundary condition and shape definition. Chapter six takes the work a step further as the approach is applied to axisymmetric configurations. While in an appendix, an extension to implement full viscous effects is then inspected. Finally, further work is discussed in the conclusion
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