Statistical emulation of a tsunami model for sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification

Due to the catastrophic consequences of tsunamis, early warnings need to be issued quickly in order to mitigate the hazard. Additionally, there is a need to represent the uncertainty in the predictions of tsunami characteristics corresponding to the uncertain trigger features (e.g. either position, shape and speed of a landslide, or sea floor deformation associated with an earthquake). Unfortunately, computer models are expensive to run. This leads to significant delays in predictions and makes the uncertainty quantification impractical. Statistical emulators run almost instantaneously and may represent well the outputs of the computer model. In this paper, we use the Outer Product Emulator to build a fast statistical surrogate of a landslide-generated tsunami computer model. This Bayesian framework enables us to build the emulator by combining prior knowledge of the computer model properties with a few carefully chosen model evaluations. The good performance of the emulator is validated using the Leave-One-Out method

Evaluation of 1.7 kV SiC MOSFETs for a Regenerative Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Converter Cell

High fidelity AC grid emulators allow early testing and qualification of various equipment under conditions close to those expected in reality. Realizing this at medium voltage high power level is associated with certain challenges, some of which are discussed in this paper. Medium voltage grid emulator based on the well-known four-quadrant Robicon topology is considered as platform for realization of the AC grid emulator. To achieve high resolution AC waveform with sufficiently high control bandwidth, SiC based cell design is compared with pure Si and Hybrid (Si+SiC) designs. Using SiC devices for the output H-bridge stage allows significantly higher switching frequencies, improving achievable control bandwidth and improving fidelity of emulator output voltage

Hardware-in-the-loop assessment methods

The importance of using real-time simulation and hardware-in-the-loop techniques for the domain of power and energy systems is covered by this chapter. A brief overview of the main concepts is provided as well as a method for their integration into a holistic validation framework for testing smart grid systems. Also, corresponding reference implementations are outlined